Vaccine adherence and adverse events of the SARS-COV vaccine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Objective: To assess adherence to and the adverse effects of the SARS-COV vaccine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Patients And Methods: This is an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic and clinical data, SARS-COV vaccine data, medications for IBD with use during the vaccination period, and adverse events during the vaccination period were collected.

Exploring the clinical relevance of "Angico Gum": an effective biopolymer for topical protection of oesophageal mucosa in gastroesophageal reflux disease patients.

Objectives: Angico gum (AG) (Anadenanthera colubrina var. Cebil [Griseb.] Altschul) is utilized by some Brazilian communities to alleviate symptoms from gastroesophageal reflux disease.

A polyphenol-rich açaí seed extract protects against 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis in mice through the TLR-4/MyD88/PI3K/mTOR/NF-κBp65 signaling pathway.

Açaí seed extract (ASE) is obtained from Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) plant (Amazon region) has high nutritional and functional value. ASE is rich in polyphenolic compounds, mainly proanthocyanidins.

Crucial role of carbon monoxide as a regulator of diarrhea caused by cholera toxin: Evidence of direct interaction with toxin.

The present study evaluated the role of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1)/carbon monoxide (CO) pathway in the cholera toxin-induced diarrhea and its possible action mechanism. The pharmacological modulation with CORM-2 (a CO donor) or Hemin (a HO-1 inducer) decreased the intestinal fluid secretion and Cl efflux, altered by cholera toxin. In contrast, ZnPP (a HO-1 inhibitor) reversed the antisecretory effect of Hemin and potentiated cholera toxin-induced intestinal secretion.

Laryngeal and Esophageal Mucosal Protection Using the Angico Gum Biopolymer in a Mouse Model of Reflux.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the in vivo protective effect of the angico gum biopolymer in reducing the inflammatory response and preserving the integrity of the laryngeal and esophageal mucosa.

Study Design: Animal study.

Methods: A murine surgical model of gastroesophageal reflux disease was accomplished and subsequently treated with angico gum or omeprazole.

Modulatory Role of Carbon Monoxide on the Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress Linked to Gastrointestinal Disorders.

Carbon monoxide (CO) is an endogenous gaseous mediator that plays an important role in maintaining gastrointestinal (GI) tract homeostasis, acting in mucosal defense, and providing negative modulation of pathophysiological markers of clinical conditions. Preclinical studies using animal models and/or cell culture show that CO can modulate the inflammatory response and oxidative stress in GI mucosal injuries and pathological conditions, reducing proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species, while increasing antioxidant defense mechanisms. CO has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

Lectin from red algae Amansia multifida Lamouroux: Extraction, characterization and anti-inflammatory activity.

Seaweed lectins are very promising biotechnological tools that also gain prominence when applied to the pharmacology field. The purpose of the present work was to isolate and characterize lectin from the red algae Amansia multifida and subsequently test it in general inflammation models. The lectin was purified by ion exchange chromatography, characterized with two-dimensional electrophoresis, automated analysis of amino acid sequences and circular dichroism spectroscopy.

Sulfated polysaccharide from Gracilaria caudata reduces hypernociception and inflammatory response during arthritis in rodents.

Polysaccharide from marine alga Gracilaria caudata has potential health benefits, such as anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective and antidiarrheal effects. Here, we investigated the effect of a sulfated polysaccharide from G. caudata (SP-GC) on hypernociception and inflammatory response in arthritis models.

Polysaccharide from Gracilaria caudata protects the human esophageal mucosal barrier: A differential topical effect and structural dependence.

This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro protective effect of topical treatment with a native sulfated polysaccharide of G. caudata (SP-Gc), hydrolyzed (H-SP-Gc), or desulfated (D-SP-Gc) polysaccharide of Gracilaria caudata in esophageal biopsies obtained from GERD patients. Biopsies were obtained from nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) patients and from erosive esophagitis patients.

Gabapentin attenuates intestinal inflammation: Role of PPAR-gamma receptor.

Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant drug that is also used for post-herpetic neuralgia and neuropathic pain. Recently, gabapentin showed anti-inflammatory effect. Nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) is a regulator of the inflammatory process, and Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) is an important receptor involved in NFκB regulation.

Gastroprotective effects of N-acylarylhydrazone derivatives on ethanol-induced gastric lesions in mice are dependent on the NO/cGMP/K pathway.

The gastroprotective effects of N-acylarylhydrazone derivatives on ethanol-induced gastric lesions in mice were investigated with respect to the NO/cGMP/K pathway. To investigate our hypothesis, the mice were intraperitoneally pretreated with glibenclamide, L-NAME, or ODQ 30 min before treatment with DMSO, LASSBio-294 (1, 2, and 4 mg/kg, p.o.

Association between endoscopic findings and histopathological confirmation in patients with suspicion of eosinophilic esophagitis.

Background: The diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is performed by the detection of 15 or more eosinophils per field in an esophageal biopsy sample, but the endoscopic findings alone are not validated for a diagnosis of the disease.

Objective: To evaluate the association between the endoscopic findings and histopathological diagnosis in patients with suspected EoE in endoscopy.

Methods: A retrospective study of 24 patients with suspicion of EoE during endoscopy was held.

Galactomannan from the seeds of Caesalpinia pulcherrima prevents indomethacin-induced gastrointestinal damage via neutrophil migration.

Galactomannans are neutral polysaccharides isolated from the endosperm of some Leguminosae seeds. They consist of a (1 → 4) linked β-mannopyranosyl backbone partially substituted at O-6 with α-d-galactopyranosyl side groups. C.

Gastroduodenal Symptoms in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Are Correlated with Gastric Emptying and Serum Levels of Active Ghrelin.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with delay in gastric emptying, increase in ghrelin, and decrease in leptin. The aim was to investigate the correlation between gastroduodenal (GD) symptoms, gastric emptying, and serum levels of active ghrelin and leptin in IBD. Twenty-seven IBD patients and 26 healthy volunteers were asked to complete the Porto Alegre Dyspeptic Symptoms Questionnaire.

Ximenia americana heteropolysaccharides ameliorate inflammation and visceral hypernociception in murine caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis: Involvement of CB2 receptors.

Background: This study aimed to investigate and characterize the anti-inflammatory and anti-hypernociceptive effects of the total polysaccharides of X. americana (TPL-Xa) bark in a mouse model of acute pancreatitis-induced by caerulein and the potential involvement of cannabinoid receptors.

Methods: TPL-Xa was characterized byH and C NMR spectroscopy.

Neutrophils contribute to the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic cystitis induced by ifosfamide.

Ifosfamide (IFO) is an antineoplastic drug that is commonly used to treat gynecological and breast cancers. Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a common side effect associated with IFO injection, which courses with neutrophil accumulation and affects 6-50% of patients depending on dose intensity. Here, we investigated the role of neutrophils in this inflammatory process.

The polysaccharide-rich tea of Ximenia americana barks prevents indomethacin-induced gastrointestinal damage via neutrophil inhibition.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Barks of Ximenia americana are used by the population to treat gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders. Indomethacin is a non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that induces marked gastrointestinal damage.

Aims Of The Studies: To evaluate the gastroprotective activity of total polysaccharides contained in the extract (TPL-Xa) or tea (Tea-Xa) of Ximenia americana barks in the mice gastric damage induced by indomethacin.

Lectin obtained from the red seaweed Bryothamnion triquetrum: Secondary structure and anti-inflammatory activity in mice.

Seaweeds are sources of biomolecules with biological activities and pharmacological potential - for example, lectins, a group of proteins that can bind reversibly to carbohydrates or compounds containing them. The aim of this study was to elucidate the structural properties of a lectin extracted from the red seaweed Bryothamnion triquetrum (BtL) and to investigate its anti-inflammatory activity in mice. The lectin was purified by precipitation with ammonium sulfate and ion-exchange chromatography.

Heme oxygenase-1/biliverdin/carbon monoxide pathway downregulates hypernociception in rats by a mechanism dependent on cGMP/ATP-sensitive K channels.

Objective And Design: To investigate the role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), carbon monoxide (CO), and biliverdin (BVD) in the zymosan-induced TMJ arthritis in rats.

Materials And Methods: Mechanical threshold was assessed before and 4 h after TMJ arthritis induction in rats. Cell influx, myeloperoxidase activity, and histological changes were measured in the TMJ lavages and tissues.

Role of regulatory T cells in irinotecan-induced intestinal mucositis.

Intestinal mucositis (IM) is a common side effect of irinotecan-based chemotherapy. The involvement of inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, IL1-β, IL-18 and IL-33, has been demonstrated. However, the role of adaptive immune system cells, whose activation is partially regulated by these cytokines, is yet unknown.

AGREEMENT BETWEEN DIFFERENT PATHOLOGISTS IN HISTOPATHOLOGIC DIAGNOSIS OF 128 GASTRIC POLYPS.

Background: - Gastric polyps are elevated mucosal lesions. Most of them are less than 1 cm and when larger than 2 cm, has a high malignancy probability. The histopathological types are mainly fundic gland polyps, hyperplastic polyps and adenomatous polyps.

Dual effect of silymarin on experimental non-alcoholic steatohepatitis induced by irinotecan.

Irinotecan-based regimens are commonly used for treatment of colorectal cancer, which is limited by mucositis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Silymarin (SIL) prevents fatty liver disease in the clinical setting and in models of liver damage induced chemically. This study investigated the possible effect of SIL on irinotecan (IRI)-induced NASH.

Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Interact When Modulating Gastric Physiological Functions in Rodents.

Aim: The objective was to evaluate the effects of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (HS) donors and possible interactions between these two systems in modulating gastric function.

Methods: Mice received saline, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), or sodium hydrosulfite (NaHS), and after 1 h, the animals were killed for immunofluorescence analysis of CSE or eNOS expressions, respectively. Other groups received saline, SNP, NaHS, Lawesson's reagent (HS donor), PAG + SNP, L-NAME, L-NAME + NaHS, or L-NAME + Lawesson's reagent.