Radial keratotomy: background and how to manage these patients nowadays.

In this review, we presented the principles of radial keratotomy (RK), its evolution, enhancement, and complications, and strategies to manage the consequences of RK in the present day. It is essential to understand the RK procedure f, the theoretical background that supported this surgery, the current effect on the cornea, and how to approach patients needing vision improvement. These patients are developing cataracts that need to be handled well, from the IOL calculation to the surgical procedure.

Comparison of endothelial cell loss in diabetic patients after conventional phacoemulsification and femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery.

Purpose: This study aims to comparatively evaluate the morphological changes of the cornea after phacoemulsification (PHACO) and femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) without intercurrences in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: A total of 95 diabetic patients with moderate cataracts (N2 + and N3+), 47 undergoing PHACO and 48 undergoing FLACS, were selected randomly for the study. Surgeries were performed by a single surgeon between July 2021 and December 2021.

OCT to identify macular changes not clinically detectable in elderly patients with cataract.

Purpose: To demonstrate the importance of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in identifying macular changes not detected at clinical examination preceding cataract surgery in patients older than 60 years.

Setting: Hospital Oftalmológico Visão Laser, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.

Desing: Prospective case series.

Necrotizing Scleritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Clinical Case Report Supported by A Brief Review with Risk of Bias Analysis.

Introduction: Necrotizing scleritis (NS) presents 30%-40% as having a systemic autoimmune condition.

Objective: To present a clinical case report and a systematic review of necrotizing scleritis with ocular manifestation as the first sign of rheumatologic disease.

Methods: The present study was elaborated according to the rules of CARE.

Vision Quality Questionnaire Assessment in Patients After Topography-Guided Photorefractive Keratectomy for Irregular Astigmatism Secondary to Radial Keratotomy.

Aim: To evaluate the vision-related quality of life with the National Eye Institute Refractive Error Quality of Life (NEI-RQL) questionnaire in patients with astigmatism secondary to radial keratotomy surgery who underwent topography-guided photorefractive keratectomy.

Methods: Prospective non-randomized clinical trial. This study included 15 patients (30 eyes) aged > 21 years, mean age 55.

Anterior scleritis treated with systemic corticosteroids in Chikungunya infection.

Background: Chikungunya is a matter of grave concern in Brazil. This case report describes a rare ocular manifestation in a patient with chikungunya.

Case Report: A 49-year old male diagnosed with chikungunya one month previously was being treated and followed up by a rheumatologist.

Clinical correlation between automated vision screening under cycloplegia and retinoscopy in young children.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical performance of the Spot Vision Screener and establish clinical correlations between automated screening and retinoscopy following induction of cycloplegia in preverbal children.

Methods: In this prospective, cross-sectional study, children aged 6-36 months were evaluated using the Spot Vision Screener. A complete ophthalmologic examination, including cycloplegic refraction assessment, was performed, followed by repeat spot vision screening and retinoscopy in all cases to establish correlations regarding hypermetropia, myopia, and astigmatism following induction of induction cycloplegia.

[Unilateral retinitis pigmentosa secondary to eye injury: case report].

Retinitis pigmentosa is a group of diseases caused by genetic changes that lead to progressive degeneration of photoreceptors, rods mainly. In general, it has bilateral presentation. This study is a case report of a patient with unilateral involvement of the retina, similar to the characteristics of retinitis pigmentosa, and an old ocular trauma history.

[Reliability of predictable postoperative visual acuity of cataracts as measured by Heine Lambda 100 retinometer preoperatively].

Purpose: To assess the relationship between potential visual acuity obtained before cataract surgery using Heine Lambda 100 retinometer with best corrected visual acuity 3 months postoperatively, as well as its correlation with the morphological pattern of the dominant cataract and the intensity of nuclear opacification.

Methods: Prospective study executed in the Ophthalmology Hospital Laser Vision in Santos of 121 eyes of 70 patients who underwent cataract surgery (phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation), from April to July, 2009. In the preoperative period, Heine retinometer test was performed under mydriasis and its results were compared to postoperative best corrected visual acuity three months after surgery and correlated with the morphological classification of cataracts, being considered a satisfactory result those who did not vary more than two lines in Snellen chart.

[Correlation between signals and symptoms of dry eye in Sjögren's syndrome patients].

Purpose: To study the correlation between the signals and symptoms of dry eye in Sjögren's syndrome patients.

Methods: We formed the case group with 17 Sjögren's syndrome patients and the control group with 25 normal patients. For evaluation of the symptoms the "Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI)" questionnaire was applied to both groups and, after that, all the individuals were submitted to the ocular tests: Schirmer I and II, coloration of the ocular surface with rose bengal, pachymetry and esthesiometry.