Metabolic syndrome is associated with poorer outcomes in people with osteoarthritis participating in a rehabilitation program: an observational study.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and explore its association with clinical outcomes (pain, quality of life, and physical function) in adults participating in an education and exercise program (GLA:D).

Methods: An observational study of adults with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis who participated in GLA:D between 2019 and 2022. Metabolic syndrome status was determined through self-report.

Lifetime Cost-Effectiveness of Structured Education and Exercise Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis in Australia.

Importance: Structured education and exercise therapy programs have been proposed to reduce reliance on total knee replacement (TKR) surgery and improve health care sustainability. The long-term cost-effectiveness of these programs is unclear.

Objectives: To estimate the lifetime cost-effectiveness of implementing a national structured education and exercise therapy program for individuals with knee osteoarthritis with the option for future TKR compared with usual care (TKR for all).

Will you get what you want? Treatment goals and expectations of patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome regarding physiotherapist-led treatment.

To (i) investigate the goals and expectations of participants enrolled in a clinical trial of physiotherapist-led treatment for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome and (ii) explore associations between their expectations and self-reported hip burden and kinesiophobia. Data from 150 participants with FAI syndrome who participated in a clinical trial were analysed. Participants described their most important treatment goal and the expectation of achieving this goal throughout physiotherapy treatment.

Let's talk about sex (and gender) after ACL injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of self-reported activity and knee-related outcomes.

Objective: Investigate sex/gender differences in self-reported activity and knee-related outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury.

Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Seven databases were searched in December 2021.

Body fat and skeletal muscle mass, but not body mass index, are associated with pressure hyperalgesia in young adults with patellofemoral pain.

Background: Young adults with patellofemoral pain (PFP) have a high prevalence of being overweight or obese, which is associated with impaired lower limb function and muscle weakness. However, the impact of being overweight or obese on pain sensitivity has not been explored.

Objectives: We investigated the association between body fat, skeletal muscle mass, and body mass index (BMI) with pressure hyperalgesia and self-reported pain in young adults with PFP.

Relationship between vastus medialis Hoffmann reflex excitability and knee extension biomechanics during different tasks in women with patellofemoral pain.

Background: Impaired knee extension biomechanics and spinal excitability have been reported in women with patellofemoral pain, but their relationship has not been explored. A significant relationship between them could indicate the need for investigating the potential benefits of disinhibitory interventions for women with patellofemoral pain. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between vastus medialis Hoffmann reflex and (1) maximal isometric, concentric and eccentric knee extensor strength and rate of torque development; (2) knee extensor torque steadiness; and (3) knee extensor moment during functional tasks; in women with patellofemoral pain.

Exploring overweight and obesity beyond body mass index: A body composition analysis in people with and without patellofemoral pain.

Background: We compared body mass index (BMI), body fat, and skeletal muscle mass between (1) a mixed-sex nonathletic cohort of people with patellofemoral pain (PFP) and pain-free people, and (2) a nonathletic cohort of people with PFP and pain-free people subgrouped by sex (i.e., men and women with PFP vs.

Overweight and obesity in young adults with patellofemoral pain: Impact on functional capacity and strength.

Purpose: This study aimed to (a) investigate the proportion of overweight/obesity in a cohort of young adults with patellofemoral pain (PFP) and (b) explore the association of body mass index (BMI), body fat, and lean mass with functional capacity and hip and knee strength in people with PFP.

Methods: We included a mixed-sex sample of young adults (18-35 years old) with PFP (n = 100). Measurements for BMI, percentage of body fat, and lean mass (assessed by bioelectrical impedance) were obtained.

Patients and clinicians managing patellofemoral pain should not rely on general web-based information.

Objective: To evaluate the credibility and accuracy of PFP-specific web-based content.

Design: Cross-sectional evaluation of web-based information.

Methods: The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018088671).

Patient Education for Patellofemoral Pain: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of education interventions compared with any type of comparator on managing patellofemoral pain (PFP).

Design: Intervention systematic review. PROSPERO identifier: CRD42018088671.

What are the clinical implications of knee crepitus to individuals with knee osteoarthritis? An observational study with data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

Background: Crepitus is a common clinical feature of knee osteoarthritis. However, the importance of crepitus in the overall clinical presentation of individuals with knee osteoarthritis is unknown.

Objective(s): (A) To compare function, pain and quality of life between individuals with knee osteoarthritis with and without crepitus; (B) to compare whether individuals with knee osteoarthritis in both knees, but crepitus in just one, differ in terms of function pain, and knee strength.

Kinesiophobia, but not strength is associated with altered movement in women with patellofemoral pain.

Background: Evidence indicates the presence of both kinesiophobia and knee extension strength deficits in women with patellofemoral pain (PFP). Both impairments may contribute to apparent compensatory gait patterns including reduced cadence and peak knee flexion during stair negotiation.

Research Question: Is kinesiophobia or knee extension strength associated with movement pattern in women with patellofemoral pain?

Methods: Forty women with PFP were assessed with three-dimensional kinematic analyses during stair descent; isokinetic dynamometry of the knee extensors (isometric, concentric and eccentric); and the Tampa scale for kinesiophobia.

Knee crepitus is not associated with the occurrence of total knee replacement in knee osteoarthritis - a longitudinal study with data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

Objective(s): To investigate whether the presence of knee crepitus is associated with the occurrence of total knee replacement (TKR), quality of life and deficits in physical function at long-term.

Methods: Setting - This observational study uses longitudinal data (up to 4-year follow-up) from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI). Participants - 4566 participants.

Relationship between knee abduction moment with patellofemoral joint reaction force, stress and self-reported pain during stair descent in women with patellofemoral pain.

Background: Increased external knee abduction moment has been proposed as a risk factor for patellofemoral pain. This alteration is thought to be associated with elevated patellofemoral joint reaction force and stress, however these relationships remain poorly explored. Therefore, this study aimed at comparing knee abduction moment parameters (peak, rate of moment development and impulse), patellofemoral joint reaction force and stress of women with patellofemoral pain and pain-free controls during stair descent; and investigating the relationship among these variables with self-reported pain.

Patellar Tendon Reflex and Vastus Medialis Hoffmann Reflex Are Down Regulated and Correlated in Women With Patellofemoral Pain.

Objectives: The aims of this study were threefold: (1) to compare the amplitude of patellar tendon reflex (T-reflex) between women with patellofemoral pain (PFP) and pain-free controls; (2) to compare the amplitude of vastus medialis Hoffmann reflex (VM H-reflex) between women with PFP and pain-free controls; (3) to investigate the association between the amplitude of patellar T-reflex and VM H-reflex in women with PFP and pain-free controls.

Design: Cross-sectional observational study.

Setting: Laboratory of biomechanics and motor control.

Knee crepitus is prevalent in women with patellofemoral pain, but is not related with function, physical activity and pain.

Objectives: (i) To assess the reliability of knee crepitus measures, (ii) to investigate the association between knee crepitus and PFP; (iii) to investigate the relationship between knee crepitus with self-reported function, physical activity and pain.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Laboratory-based study.

Association between increase in vertical ground reaction force loading rate and pain level in women with patellofemoral pain after a patellofemoral joint loading protocol.

Background: The etiology of patellofemoral pain (PFP) is thought to be the result of increased patellofemoral joint (PFJ) load and aberrant lower extremity mechanics, including altered vertical ground reaction forces (VGRF). However, few studies have investigated the association between an increase in pain and VGRF loading rates in the context of PFP. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the immediate effects of PFJ loading on pain and VGRF loading rate, and to see if there is a link between modification of both pain and VGRF loading rate during stair negotiation.

Which is the best predictor of excessive hip internal rotation in women with patellofemoral pain: Rearfoot eversion or hip muscle strength? Exploring subgroups.

Background: Patellofemoral pain (PFP) has been linked to increased patellofemoral joint stress as a result of excessive hip internal rotation. Lower hip strength and/or excessive rearfoot eversion have been used to explain such altered movement pattern; however, it is unknown which one is the best predictor of excessive hip internal rotation.

Research Question: To investigate if peak rearfoot eversion and/or peak concentric hip abductor strength can predict peak hip internal rotation during stair ascent in women with PFP.

What interventions can improve quality of life or psychosocial factors of individuals with knee osteoarthritis? A systematic review with meta-analysis of primary outcomes from randomised controlled trials.

Objective: To systematically review evidence of primary outcomes from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effect of treatment strategies on quality of life (QoL) or psychosocial factors in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Medline, Embase, SPORTDiscus, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Web of Science were searched from inception to November 2017.

Is quadriceps H-reflex excitability a risk factor for patellofemoral pain?

Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is one of the most common conditions in orthopedic practice while recent evidence has suggested that it may be a predisposing factor to patellofemoral osteoarthritis. In addition to biomechanical alterations associated with the pathomechanisms underlying PFP, the investigation of neurophysiological alterations has provided novel information in the understanding of the pathophysiology of PFP. For instance, women with PFP present lower amplitude of the vastus medialis (VM) H-reflexes compared to pain-free controls, which suggests that the excitability of spinal reflexes might be a promising tool for discriminating woman with PFP in clinical practice.

Higher pain level and lower functional capacity are associated with the number of altered kinematics in women with patellofemoral pain.

This study investigated whether women with patellofemoral pain (PFP) present kinematic alterations in proximal, local, and distal factors simultaneously, and determined the association between the number of kinematic alterations, pain level, and functional status. A three-dimensional motion analysis system was used to analyze the peak hip adduction, peak knee flexion, and peak rearfoot eversion, addressing the proximal, local, and distal factors, respectively, in fifty women. Functional status and pain level were assessed using the anterior knee pain scale (AKPS) and a visual analogic scale.

Local and widespread hyperalgesia in female runners with patellofemoral pain are influenced by running volume.

Objectives: To compare pressure pain threshold (PPT) around the knee (local hyperalgesia) and at a site remote to the knee (widespread hyperalgesia) between female runners with and without patellofemoral pain (PFP); and to evaluate the relationship between running volume, self-reported knee function and PPT measures.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Twenty female runners with PFP and twenty pain-free female runners participated in the study.

Vastus Medialis Hoffmann Reflex Excitability Is Associated With Pain Level, Self-Reported Function, and Chronicity in Women With Patellofemoral Pain.

Objective: To determine the association between the amplitude of vastus medialis (VM) Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex) and pain level, self-reported physical function, and chronicity of pain in women with patellofemoral pain (PFP).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Laboratory of biomechanics and motor control.