The impact of neonicotinoid insecticides on amphibians: A comprehensive review and future research challenges.

Neonicotinoid insecticides (NNIs) are widely used in agriculture; however, their effects on anuran amphibians remain poorly explored. This global review critically examines the existing literature, with data obtained from Web of Science and Scopus databases. A total thirty-seven studies were published from 2004 to 2023.

Non-invasive biomarkers for investigating urban metal exposure in neotropical bats.

In urban centers, sewage treatment plants (STPs) serve as foraging and shelter areas for bats; however, they are sources of persistent pollutants that affect the health of these animals. This study aimed to investigate the impact of pollutants from an STP on the health of different species of neotropical bats from different guilds using non-invasive biomarkers. A conservation unit, the Silvania National Forest (SNF), was used as a reference area for comparison purposes.

The use of the micronucleus test and comet assay in wild rodents: a historical review and future perspectives.

Rodents are considered good models for investigating genotoxic damage and mutagenic alterations caused by xenobiotic agents, due to their occupation of a wide variety of habitats. However, relatively few in situ studies have focused on DNA damage in wild rodents associated with environmental exposure. In this review, we investigate trends in the application of the micronucleus test and comet assay in in situ studies of wild rodents.

Ecotoxicological consequences of urbanization: A multi-biomarker approach to assessing sewage treatment plant effects on free-living birds.

Birds are good bioindicators of disturbance in the environment. They are present in different habitats and trophic levels. In addition, rapid urbanization has led birds to use cities as shelter and for seeking food resources.

Can Salvinia auriculata bioremediate the toxic effects of Fipronil 800wg on the tadpoles of Dendropsophus minutus?

Worldwide, the indiscriminate and escalating application of pesticides has led to extensive impacts on both the environment and non-target organisms. Phytoremediation, which employs plants to decontaminate environments, is a potential strategy for the mitigation of this damage. The present study assessed the phytoremedial potential of Salvinia auriculata, an aquatic macrophyte known to be effective for the removal of environmental contaminants.

Erythrocyte Recovery in Oreochromis niloticus Fish Exposed to Urban Effluents.

Urban activities pollute aquatic ecosystems, and the integrity of organisms such as fish. The use of cytological techniques, such as the analysis of blood cellular integrity using the Micronucleus test, can help detect mutagenic damage as a result to urban effluents exposure. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the frequency of micronucleus and other nuclear abnormalities in Oreochromis niloticus fish environmentally exposed to urban effluents in relation to their erythrocyte recovery capacity when exposed to clean water (30 and 45 days).

Multi-taxon trends and the application of genotoxic biomarkers in the analysis of effluents from sewage treatment plant.

Sewage is a significant source of many contaminants, and the effectiveness of sewage treatment plants (STPs) is fundamental to ensure that the effluents produced by these plants have a minimal impact on aquatic environments and guarantee their long-term sustainability. The present study is based on a global scientometric survey of the published research on the application of genotoxicity biomarkers for the analysis of the effects of the contaminants found in the effluents and residues produced by STPs. The literature search focused on the Web of Science and Scopus databases.

Genotoxic and mutagenic evaluation in Eisenia foetida annelids exposed to iron ore tailings from the region of Brumadinho, MG, Brazil.

Soils that have a disproportion of metallic elements due to anthropic activities endanger the terrestrial fauna. This study evaluated whether earthworms (Eisenia foetida) exposed to ore tailings from Brumadinho region presented a higher frequency of genotoxic and mutagenic damages than annelids from a reference area (control). The animals were exposed to substrates containing 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% iron mining waste.

Damage on DNA and hematological parameters of two bat species due to heavy metal exposure in a nickel-mining area in central Brazil.

Exposure to heavy metals in mining zones is a significant threat, which can affect ecosystem services and contribute to the decline of wild bat populations. The present study investigated the impacts caused by mining on two bat species in central Brazil, the nectarivorous Glossophaga soricina and the frugivorous Carollia perspicillata. The bats were collected from a nickel-mining zone (treatment) and a protected area (control).

Genotoxic, mutagenic, and cytotoxic analysis in bats in mining area.

Pollution generated by the mining industry can cause harm to wildlife. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and mutagenicity in bats environmentally exposed to open pit mining. Thus, 62 bats of the following species, Carollia perspicillata, Glossophaga soricina, Phyllostomus hastatus, and Desmodus rotundus exposed to mining activities (ferronickel) were used in the analysis.

The Use of Multiple Biomarkers to Assess the Health of Anuran Amphibians in the Brazilian Cerrado Savanna: An Ecotoxicological Approach.

Changes in the natural landscape and the indiscriminate use of pesticides can have a major impact on aquatic environments and have contributed to the worldwide decline of amphibian populations. In the present study, we sampled tadpoles of three anuran amphibians (Boana albopunctata, Physalaemus cuvieri, and Dendropsophus minutus) from ponds in six different agricultural landscapes of the Brazilian Cerrado savanna and evaluated whether and to what extent genotoxic and mutagenic damage was related to land use (the amount of forest and agricultural remnants, and related physicochemical factors) and the presence of pesticides in the water of the study ponds. We also evaluated the hepatotoxicity in P.

Mutagenic effect of a commercial fungicide on Rana catesbeiana and Leptodactylus latrans tadpoles.

We have examined the mutagenic effects of the fungicide Elatus® on tadpoles of Rana catesbeiana and Leptodactylus latrans. Sixty-four tadpoles of each species have been exposed to three concentrations of Elatus® (10, 20, and 50 µg/L-1) during 96 hours. We've carried out the micronucleus test (MN) and erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities (ENAs) in 32 tadpoles of each species, the others 32 tadpoles of each species remained in a solution free of Elatus® during 96 hours, in order to assess the ability to recover from the damage caused by the fungicide.

Bats and pollution: Genetic approaches in ecotoxicology.

Environmental pollution drives the decline of species and, as flying mammals, bats can be considered to be excellent indicators of environmental quality, and the analysis of genetic biomarkers in these animals can provide important parameters for the assessment of environmental health. This review verifies the trends in pollution research, in particular, the use of genetic markers in the study of bats, based on a literature search of the Web of Science and Scopus platforms. Sixteen publications were identified during the search, which focused on the timeframe between 1996 and March 2022, including investigations of the effects of heavy metals, agricultural pesticides, and radiation.

Evaluation of genotoxicity in bat species found on agricultural landscapes of the Cerrado savanna, central Brazil.

Habitat loss and fragmentation together represent the most significant threat to the world's biodiversity. In order to guarantee the survival of this diversity, the monitoring of bioindicators can provide important insights into the health of a natural environment. In this context, we used the comet assay and micronucleus test to evaluate the genotoxic susceptibility of 126 bats of eight species captured in soybean and sugarcane plantation areas, together with a control area (conservation unit) in the Cerrado savanna of central Brazil.

Cancer and occupational exposure to pesticides: a bibliometric study of the past 10 years.

Occupational exposure to pesticides has been identified as a major trigger of the development of cancer. Pesticides can cause intoxication in the individuals who manipulate them through either inhalation, ingestion, or dermal contact. Given this, we investigated the association between the incidence of cancer and occupational exposure to pesticides through a bibliometric analysis of the studies published between 2011 and 2020, based on 62 papers selected from the Scopus database.

Micronucleus and different nuclear abnormalities in wild birds in the Cerrado, Brazil.

Free-living birds play an important role as bioindicators in natural environments. In this study, we used the micronucleus test and nuclear erythrocyte abnormalities to investigate the difference in the genotoxic damage frequency between animals in agricultural areas (soybean planting) in relation to the conserved area. It was also discussed the bird's eating habits, which are important for ecotoxicological analysis.

Effect of multiple stressors and population decline of frogs.

The ongoing decline in anuran populations is linked primarily to the effects of stressor agents such as pathogens, pesticides, alterations of natural landscapes, and the introduction of exotic species. Most studies that have evaluated the effects of these stressors have focused on a single component, which is the opposite of the reality of most natural environments, where anuran populations tend to suffer the influence of multiple agents simultaneously. Studies of the effects of the interaction between these components are extremely important, given that one agent may potentialize (synergistic effect) or weaken another (antagonistic effect) or, in some cases, have a neutral effect.

Evaluation of the genotoxic, mutagenic, and histopathological hepatic effects of polyoxyethylene amine (POEA) and glyphosate on Dendropsophus minutus tadpoles.

Herbicides improve the productivity of a monoculture by eliminating weeds, although they may also be toxic and have negative effects on non-target organisms, such as amphibians. The present study evaluated the genotoxic, mutagenic, and histopathological hepatic responses of Dendropsophus minutus tadpoles to acute exposure (96 h) to the herbicide glyphosate (GLY, 65, 130, 260 and 520 μg/L) and the surfactant polyoxyethylene amine (POEA, 1.25, 2.

Habitat differences affect the nuclear morphology of the erythrocytes and the hepatic melanin in Leptodactylus fuscus (Anura) in the Brazilian Cerrado savanna.

The sensitivity of anuran to the effects of habitat destruction and contamination has led to a preoccupying global decline in their populations. Morphological biomarkers such as micronuclei and other erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities (ENAs), as well as the occurrence of hepatic melanin, can be used to evaluate the effects of habitat impacts. In the present study, these two parameters were combined for the in situ assessment of the effects of soybean cultivation on the grassfrog, Leptodactylus fuscus.

Genotoxic effect of heavy metals on in an urban stream.

Uncontrolled urbanization growth contributes to the pollution of aquatic environments. Heavy metals released by domestic and industrial effluents can negatively affect aquatic organisms. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of environmental pollutants, such as metals, on fish DNA damage, in stretches of an urban stream.

Mutagenic, genotoxic and morphotoxic potential of different pesticides in the erythrocytes of Podocnemis expansa neonates.

Despite the damaging effects of pesticides glyphosate (Gly), atrazine (Atra) and fipronil (Fip) on different organisms, the mutagenic, genotoxic and morphotoxic potential of testudine erythrocytes in freshwater remains unknown. Thus, the aim of the present study is to assess the toxicological potential of these compounds in Podocnemis expansa (Amazonian turtles) neonates from eggs artificially incubated in substrate at different concentrations of herbicides Gly and Atra and insecticide Fip. Micronucleus test and other nuclear abnormalities, as well as comet assay and morphometric measurements taken of models' circulating erythrocytes were used as toxicity biomarkers.

Current Status of Ecotoxicological Studies of Bats in Brazil.

Bats are sensitive to contaminants generated by agricultural activities, mining, and urbanization. In this review, we update the status of bat toxicology in Brazil. Agriculture, for example, in addition to habitat fragmentation and loss, undoubtedly affects non-target organisms through the use of pesticides.

Micronucleus test in tadpole erythrocytes: Trends in studies and new paths.

The micronucleus test has been applied for more than three decades in tadpoles, generating an early warning of environmental quality. In this study, we reviewed 48 articles on the micronucleus test in tadpoles, published between 1987 and 2018. The findings reveal that pesticides have been the main topic discussed in the induction of micronucleus and other nuclear abnormalities in anuran larvae to the detriment of the widespread use of compounds used in agriculture.

Genotoxic Evaluation in Tadpoles Associated with Agriculture in the Central Cerrado, Brazil.

Many agricultural practices cause environmental degradation that affects the cellular integrity of anurans. In the present study, we provided in situ data of Dendropsophus minutus, Physalaemus cuvieri, and Scinax fuscovarius collected in soybean/corn and conservation units in the Brazilian Cerrado. The in situ data showed no significant variation in the micronucleus frequency between the sites, only the reniform cells had a higher rate for the agricultural environment.

Monitoring the morphological integrity of neotropical anurans.

Amphibians are considered to be excellent bioindicators to their morphophysiological characteristics and life cycle. In this context, the present study investigated the morphological integrity of anuran larvae collected in preserved environments in the Emas National Park, in the municipality of Mineiros (Goiás state, Brazil), and in environments representative of the agricultural matrix of the Rio Verde region, also in Goiás, where there is a long history of the use of agricultural pesticides. Samples of water from temporary ponds, permanent dams, and veredas were analyzed for the presence of pesticides and, especially atrazine (5350 μg/L), found at significantly higher concentrations in the agricultural matrix.