Efficacy of a new topical formulation containing selamectin plus sarolaner against three common tick species infesting cats in the United States.

The efficacy of a single topical application of a combination product containing selamectin and sarolaner (selamectin/sarolaner; Revolution Plus/Stronghold Plus) was evaluated in seven laboratory studies against Ixodes scapularis (three studies), Dermacentor variabilis (two studies), or Amblyomma maculatum (two studies). In each study, cats were randomly allocated to treatment groups based on pre-treatment host-suitability tick counts. On Days -2, 5, 12, 19, 26 and 33, the cats were infested with unfed adult ticks.

The efficacy of a novel topical formulation of selamectin plus sarolaner (Revolution Plus/Stronghold Plus) in preventing the development of Dirofilaria immitis in cats.

Three controlled studies were conducted to investigate the efficacy of selamectin plus sarolaner (Revolution Plus/Stronghold Plus) in preventing feline heartworm disease in cats. In all studies, cats were inoculated with 100 Dirofilaria immitis third stage larvae on Day -30. In the first study, cats were treated with selamectin plus sarolaner as a single dose on Day 0 or as three consecutive monthly doses on Days 0, 28 and 56.

Efficacy of a new spot-on formulation of selamectin plus sarolaner against four common tick species infesting cats in Europe.

A single application of a new spot-on formulation of selamectin plus sarolaner (StrongholdPlus, Zoetis) was evaluated for efficacy against the most common tick species infesting cats in Europe. In each of the seven laboratory studies, 16 adult and purpose-bred cats were randomly allocated to one of two treatment groups based on pre-treatment tick counts. Weekly infestations with 50 unfed adult Ixodes ricinus (2 studies), Ixodes hexagonus (1 study), Dermacentor reticulatus (2 studies), or Rhipicephalus sanguineus (2 studies) were scheduled on Days -2, 5, 12, 19, 26 and 33.

European surveillance for pantropic canine coronavirus.

Highly virulent pantropic canine coronavirus (CCoV) strains belonging to subtype IIa were recently identified in dogs. To assess the distribution of such strains in Europe, tissue samples were collected from 354 dogs that had died after displaying systemic disease in France (n = 92), Hungary (n = 75), Italy (n = 69), Greece (n = 87), The Netherlands (n = 27), Belgium (n = 4), and Bulgaria (n = 1). A total of 124 animals tested positive for CCoV, with 33 of them displaying the virus in extraintestinal tissues.

A pantropic canine coronavirus genetically related to the prototype isolate CB/05.

We report the genetic and biological characterisation of a novel pantropic canine coronavirus (CCoV), strain 450/07, which caused the death of a 60-day-old miniature pinscher. At the genetic level, this virus was strictly related to the prototype strain CB/05, but displayed some unique features. After experimental infection with the new pantropic isolate, most inoculated dogs showed diarrhoea and acute lymphopenia.

Is the fetal lung a mineralocorticoid receptor target organ? Induction of cortisol-regulated genes in the ovine fetal lung, kidney and small intestine.

Background: Lung, kidney and small intestine are involved in fetal volume regulation and amniotic fluid secretion and play a pivotal role in the transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life.

Objective: This study was performed to determine the ontogeny of mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR), and of MR- and GR-regulated genes and proteins, serum and glucocorticoid-induced kinase (Sgk-1), epithelial sodium channel (ENaC alpha), and Na,K-ATPase alpha1.

Methods: Lung, renal cortex and medulla, and small intestine were collected from fetuses at 80, 100, 120, 130 and 145 days' gestation and from day 1 and 7 neonatal lambs.

c-Fos expression in the midbrain periaqueductal gray after chemoreceptor and baroreceptor activation.

The pattern of Fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI) in the periaqueductal gray (PAG) associated with activation of arterial chemoreceptors versus baroreceptor afferents was examined in urethane-anesthetized rats. Chemoreflex responses elicited by repeat intravenous injections of potassium cyanide (KCN; 90 microg/kg) significantly increased FLI in all columns of the PAG relative to saline-injected animals. Pressor responses elicited by intravenous phenylephrine (PE) produced a similar pattern of increased FLI throughout the PAG except in the dorsomedial and lateral columns of the caudal PAG, where FLI was minimal.

Aberrations in uterine contractile patterns in mares with delayed uterine clearance after administration of detomidine and oxytocin.

An experiment was conducted to determine whether the uterotonic effects of oxytocin, a drug used to treat mares that have a delay in uterine clearance were affected by the sedative detomidine (an alpha2-agonist), a drug used to treat fractious mares. An additional objective was to identify propagation patterns of uterine contractions and determine whether these patterns differed between normal mares and mares with delayed uterine clearance (DUC). Intrauterine pressure was measured in five reproductively normal mares and four mares with DUC during estrus using an 8-F Milar catheter with two discrete pressure sensors.