Do the methods for cleaning the base of brackets used in indirect bonding interfere with adhesion to tooth enamel?

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of metal brackets bonded with indirect bonding, under different surface treatment protocols.

Material And Methods: 40 bovine teeth were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10), according to the type of surface treatment: G1 = 70% alcohol, G2 = air/water spray, G3 = 100-µm aluminum oxide blasting, G4 = direct boning. After drying, the standard Edgewise central incisor brackets were bonded with light-cured resin.

Retinal damage related to high-intensity light-emitting diode exposure: An in vivo study.

Introduction: The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of high-intensity light-emitting diode (LED) light from a curing device on the retinas of Wistar rats.

Methods: Six male Wistar rats were used, and their ocular structures were the focus of this study. During the photostimulation of each animal, the right eye of the animal, considered the control sample, was covered with a removable polyvinyl chloride cap, and the contralateral eye, the experimental sample, was exposed to high-intensity LED light, 3200 mW/cm (VALO Ortho; Ultradent Products, South Jordan, Utah) for 144 seconds from a distance of 30 cm.

Stability of beta-titanium T-loop springs preactivated by gradual curvature.

Objective: Evaluate changes in the force system of T-Loop Springs (TLS) preactivated by curvature, due to stress relaxation.

Methods: Ninety TLSs measuring 6 x 10 mm, produced out with 0.017 x 0.