[Benefits of home-based administration of palivizumab in high-risk groups].

Unlabelled: Palivizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), currently is indicated in groups at higher risk of developing severe RSV disease, such as extreme premature infants and patients with hemodynamically significant heart disease. In Chile, this strategy is guaranteed by Law 20850 (Ricarte Soto Law). Nevertheless, barriers to its administration included the need to transfer these labile patients and exposure to other users, with the risk of contagion in waiting rooms.

Effect of High Sodium Intake on Gut Tight Junctions' Structure and Permeability to Bacterial Toxins in a Rat Model of Chronic Kidney Disease.

Introduction: Uremic toxicity changes the gut structure and permeability, allowing bacterial toxins to translocate from the lumen to the blood during chronic kidney failure (CKD). Clinical fluid overload and tissue edema without uremia have similar effects but have not been adequately demonstrated and analyzed in CKD.

Aims: To investigate the effect of sodium intake on the plasma concentration of gut-derived uremic toxins, indoxyl sulfate (IS), and p-cresyl sulfate (pCS) and the expression of genes and proteins of epithelial gut tight junctions in a rat model of CKD.

The Catalytic Role of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a Support Material for TiO and ZnO on Chlorpyrifos Photodegradation in an Aqueous Solution.

Chlorpyrifos (CP) is a globally used pesticide with acute toxicity. This work studied the photocatalytic degradation of CP using TiO, ZnO nanoparticles, and nanocomposites of TiO and ZnO supported on SPIONs (SPION@SiO@TiO and SPION@SiO@ZnO). The nanocomposites were synthesized by multi-step incipient wetness impregnation.

Combination of vitamin D and photodynamic therapy enhances immune responses in murine models of squamous cell skin cancer.

Improved treatment outcomes for non-melanoma skin cancers can be achieved if Vitamin D (Vit D) is used as a neoadjuvant prior to photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, the mechanisms for this effect are unclear. Vit D elevates protoporphyrin (PpIX) levels within tumor cells, but also exerts immune-modulatory effects.

[Pulse Oximetry Values in Preterm infants at 34-36 weeks postmenstrual age].

Unlabelled: Pulse oximetry (SpO2) is essential for guiding oxygen therapy in preterm infants. Data on SpO2 values before discharge are limited.

Objective: To establish SpO2 values in asymptomatic premature infants at 34, 35, and 36 weeks of postmenstrual age (PMA).

Analysis of Pesticide Levels in Honey and Pollen from Irish Honey Bee Colonies Using a Modified Dutch Mini-Luke Method with Gas and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Detection.

Determining the levels of agrochemicals, such as pesticides, that honey bees are exposed to is critical for understanding what stress factors may be contributing to colony declines. Although several pesticide detection methods are available for honey, limited work has been conducted to adapt these methods for pollen. Here, we address this gap by modifying the Dutch mini-Luke extraction method (NL method) for pesticide analysis in honey and pollen from throughout the island of Ireland.

Exploring Barriers to Access Prenatal Care Among Indigenous Mexican and Guatemalan Women in Washington State.

Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Workers including indigenous women that are not of Hispanic descent face many barriers to access prenatal care. We conducted a survey in Spanish and three indigenous languages to explore knowledge, attitudes and behaviors regarding prenatal care among 82 female agricultural workers, Mixteco, Triqui and Awakateko, residing in the State of Washington. Our findings highlight the importance of collecting disaggregated data from different indigenous communities and of providing indigenous language support.

The MIF promoter SNP rs755622 is associated with immune activation in glioblastoma.

Intratumoral heterogeneity is a defining hallmark of glioblastoma, driving drug resistance and ultimately recurrence. Many somatic drivers of microenvironmental change have been shown to affect this heterogeneity and, ultimately, the treatment response. However, little is known about how germline mutations affect the tumoral microenvironment.

Antioxidant Activity as an Indicator of the Efficiency of Plant Extract-Mediated Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles.

The green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using a diverse range of plant species has been extensively reported. Despite the success achieved by biogenic synthesis, there are problems with the control and prediction of the properties of ZnO NPs, due to phytochemical diversity between plant species. In this sense, the main objective of our work was to investigate the effect of the antioxidant activity (AA) of plant extracts on the physicochemical characteristics of ZnO NPs (production yield, chemical composition, polydispersity index (PDI), surface charge (ζ-potential) and average particle size).

Six years of demography data for 11 reef coral species.

Scleractinian corals are colonial animals with a range of life-history strategies, making up diverse species assemblages that define coral reefs. We tagged and tracked ~30 colonies from each of 11 species during seven trips spanning 6 years (2009-2015) to measure their vital rates and competitive interactions on the reef crest at Trimodal Reef, Lizard Island, Australia. Pairs of species were chosen from five growth forms in which one species of the pair was locally rare (R) and the other common (C).

Synthesis of Antimicrobial Chitosan-Silver Nanoparticles Mediated by Reusable Chitosan Fungal Beads.

Nanoparticles, especially silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), have gained significant attention in recent years as potential alternatives to traditional antibiotics for treating infectious diseases due to their ability to inhibit the growth of microorganisms effectively. Ag NPs can be synthesized using fungi extract, but the method is not practical for large-scale production due to time and biomass limitations. In this study, we explore the use of chitosan to encapsulate the mycelia of the white-rot fungus and form chitosan fungal beads for use in multiple extractions and nanoparticle synthesis.

Prevalence of microbiologically confirmed neonatal sepsis at a maternity center in the City of Buenos Aires.

Introduction. Neonatal sepsis is often suspected in hospitalized newborn infants, but only in 25-30% of cases it is confirmed via a positive culture. Selecting the antibiotics based on local epidemiology favors their rational use and minimizes their side effects.

The Impact of a Yoga-Based Mindfulness Intervention versus Psycho-Educational Session for Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: The Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: There is a global agreement in the medical community that a significant proportion of dementia cases could be prevented or postponed. One of the factors behind this agreement comes from scientific evidence showing that mind-body interventions such as mindfulness and yoga for the elderly have been related to a range of positive outcomes, including improved cognition performance in seniors with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a yoga-based mindfulness intervention (YBM) versus psychoeducational sessions for older adults with MCI attending Hospital Clinic Universidad de Chile in Santiago.

Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Methods to Study Dynamics of Fluorescent Proteins In Vivo.

Fluorescent proteins are standard tools for addressing biological questions in a cell biology laboratory. The genetic tagging of protein of interest with fluorescent proteins opens the opportunity to follow them in vivo and to understand their interactions and dynamics. In addition, the latest advances in optical microscopy image acquisition and processing allow us to study many cellular processes in vivo.

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Manganese-Ferrite/Silver Nanocomposite Combined with Two Essential Oils.

The antimicrobial activity of metal nanoparticles obtained by biogenic routes has been extensively reported. However, their combined use with other antimicrobial formulations, such as essential oils, remains scarcely explored. In this work, a manganese-ferrite/silver nanocomposite (MnFeO/Ag-NC) was synthesized in a two-step procedure: first, MnFeO nanoparticles were produced by a coprecipitation method, followed by biogenic reduction of silver ions using .

Molecular Weight Identification of Compounds Involved in the Fungal Synthesis of AgNPs: Effect on Antimicrobial and Photocatalytic Activity.

The biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for medical, environmental, and industrial applications is considered an alternative to chemical synthesis methods. Additionally, the reducing, capping, and stabilizing molecules produced by the organisms can play a key role in the further activity of AgNPs. In this work, we evaluated the synthesis of AgNPs by four molecular weight fractions (S1: <10 kDa, S2: 10 to 30 kDa, S3: 30 to 50 kDa, and S4: >50 kDa) of mycelia-free aqueous extract produced by the white-rot fungus Stereum hirsutum and their effect on the antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas syringae and photocatalytic decolorization of nine synthetic dyes exposed to sunlight radiation.

The Action of 2-Aminoethyldiphenyl Borinate on the Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Remodeling of High-Altitude Hypoxemic Lambs.

Calcium signaling is key for the contraction, differentiation, and proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. Furthermore, calcium influx through store-operated channels (SOCs) is particularly important in the vasoconstrictor response to hypoxia. Previously, we found a decrease in pulmonary hypertension and remodeling in normoxic newborn lambs partially gestated under chronic hypoxia, when treated with 2-aminoethyldiphenyl borinate (2-APB), a non-specific SOC blocker.

The role of heterogenous environmental conditions in shaping the spatiotemporal distribution of competing mosquitoes in Panama: implications for the landscape of arboviral disease transmission.

Unlabelled: Monitoring the invasion process of the Asian tiger mosquito and its interaction with the contender is critical to prevent and control the arthropod-borne viruses (i.e., Arboviruses) they transmit to humans.

Childbirth experiences of immigrant women in Chile: Trading human rights and autonomy for dignity and good care.

Background: Childbirth is a transcendent life experience but may also be a moment of great vulnerability, especially when it occurs outside the mother's country of origin.

Objective: To explore the perceptions and experiences of Spanish-speaking immigrant women regarding the healthcare they received during labour and childbirth in Santiago, Chile.

Methods: This qualitative, transcendental phenomenological research was performed at two maternity hospitals using purposive criterion sampling.

High infestation of invasive Aedes mosquitoes in used tires along the local transport network of Panama.

Background: The long-distance dispersal of the invasive disease vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus has introduced arthropod-borne viruses into new geographical regions, causing a significant medical and economic burden. The used-tire industry is an effective means of Aedes dispersal, yet studies to determine Aedes occurrence and the factors influencing their distribution along local transport networks are lacking. To assess infestation along the primary transport network of Panama we documented all existing garages that trade used tires on the highway and surveyed a subset for Ae.

Comparison of bio-sociodemographic, obstetric and perinatal characteristics among immigrant and native women in the Metropolitan Region in Chile.

Background: International migration is an increasing public health concern, particularly regard to maternal and neonatal health.

Objective: To compare obstetric and neonatal variables among native and immigrant childbearing women in a clinical hospital in Santiago, Chile.

Method: A cross-sectional, analytic study with 2598 childbearing women and their newborn examined between January and July 2015.

[Predictors of remission from major depressive disorder in secondary care].

Background The knowledge of predictive factors in depression should help to deal with the disease. Aim To assess potential predictors of remission of major depressive disorders (MDD) in secondary care and to propose a predictive model. Material and Methods A 12 month follow-up study was conducted in a sample of 112 outpatients at three psychiatric care centers of Chile, with baseline and quarterly assessments.

The role of nitric oxide in the cardiopulmonary response to hypoxia in highland and lowland newborn llamas.

Key Points: Perinatal hypoxia causes pulmonary hypertension in neonates, including humans. However, in species adapted to hypoxia, such as the llama, there is protection against pulmonary hypertension. Nitric oxide (NO) is a vasodilatator with an established role in the cardiopulmonary system of many species, but its function in the hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstrictor response in the newborn llama is unknown.