Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease: diagnosis and treatments update.

Purpose Of Review: To review current advances in the diagnosis and therapy of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease.

Recent Findings: A new T-cell subset (Th17) may play an important role in the initiation and maintenance of inflammatory disease when stimulated by the interleukin (IL)-23, thus producing IL-17. Recent developments of new imaging techniques, such as high-resolution optical coherence tomography 3 scanner (OCT3), have allowed greater accuracy in VKH disease diagnosis.

Repeated peribulbar injections of triamcinolone acetonide: a successful and safe treatment for moderate to severe Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of peribulbar triamcinolone injections to treat inflammatory signs of Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) in patients with moderate to severe GO and associated optic neuropathy (ON).

Methods: Twenty-one patients with active GO [clinical activity score (CAS) > or = 4] and systemic thyroid disease under control were enrolled in this prospective pilot study. Peribulbar triamcinolone acetonide was injected in each orbit (42 eyes), in four doses of 20 mg at 2-week intervals.