PAE planning: Radiation exposure and image quality of CT and CBCT.

Purpose: To determine accurate organ doses, effective doses, and image quality of computed tomography (CT) compared with cone beam CT (CBCT) for correct identification of prostatic arteries.

Method: A dual-energy CT scanner and a flat-panel angiography system were used. Dose measurements (gallbladder (g), intestine (i), bladder (b), prostate (p), testes (t), active bone marrow of pelvis (bmp) and femura (bmf)) were performed using an anthropomorphic phantom with 65 thermoluminescent dosimeters in the pelvis and abdomen region.

Radiation Exposure and Frequency of Dental, Bitewing and Occlusal Radiographs in Children and Adolescents.

Dental radiographs are valuable diagnostic aids for oral healthcare, but exposure to ionizing radiation carries health risks, especially in children due to their high radio-sensitivity. Valid reference values for intraoral radiographs in children and adolescents are still missing. This study aimed to investigate the radiation dose values and underlying justifications of dental, bitewing and occlusal X-rays in children and adolescents.

Frequency of Dental X-ray Diagnostics in Children and Adolescents: What Is the Radiation Exposure?

Children are exposed to ionizing radiation through radiographs during their development for various reasons. At present, there are no officially valid reference values for dental X-rays in children and adolescents for dental X-ray diagnostics. This study retrospectively examined 9680 extraoral dental radiographs in pediatric patients between 2002 and 2020.

Evaluation of the post-processing algorithms SimGrid and S-Enhance for paediatric intensive care patients and neonates.

Background: Post-processing software can be used in digital radiography to achieve higher image quality, especially in cases of scattered radiation. SimGrid is a grid-like software based on a Convolutional Neuronal Network that estimates the distribution and degree of scattered radiation in radiographs and thus improves image quality by simulating an anti-scatter grid. S-Enhance is an algorithm programmed to improve contrast visibility of foreign material.

[Radiophysical characteristics of different detectors for use in dosimetry].

The present study investigated the radiophysical influences on the measurement of dosimetry basic data, attributable to field size, photon energy and detector type. A natural diamond detector, two ionisation chambers, different Si-diodes and a EBT-Gafchromic film were studied for this purpose. The characteristics of the detectors were investigated with regard to the measurement of output factors, lateral beam profiles and relative depth-dose curves for narrow and wide photon beams of 15 MV Significant differences in output factors were obtained with different detectors.

IMRT with compensators for head-and-neck cancers treatment technique, dosimetric accuracy, and practical experiences.

Background And Purpose: With three-dimensional conformal intensity-modulated radiotherapy (3D-c-IMRT) a heterogeneous dose distribution can be achieved in both planning treatment volume and in adjacent normal tissues and organs to be spared. 3D-c-IMRT demands for modified photon fluence profiles which can be accomplished with different techniques. This report deals with the commissioning of metal compensators and the first experiences in clinical use.

Dosimetric quality assurance for intensity-modulated radiotherapy feasibility study for a filmless approach.

Purpose: Test and comparison of various 2-D real-time detectors for dosimetric quality assurance (QA) of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with the vision to replace radiographic films for 2-D dosimetry.

Material And Methods: All IMRT treatment plans were created with the Konrad software (Siemens OCS). The final dose calculation was also carried out in Konrad.

[Improvement of the accuracy of the Laplace transform method for the determination of radiotherapy spectra of clinical linear accelerators].

The present study focused on the reconstruction of the bremsstrahlung spectrum of a clinical linear accelerator from the measured transmission curve, with the aim of improving the accuracy of this method. The essence of the method was the analytic inverse Laplace transform of a parameter function fitted to the measured transmission curve. We tested known fitting functions, however they resulted in considerable fitting inaccuracy, leading to inaccuracies of the bremsstrahlung spectrum.

VERIDOS: a new tool for quality assurance for intensity modulated radiotherapy.

Background: The use of intensity modulated radiation fields needs an extended quality assurance concept. This consists of a linac related part and a case related part. Case related means the verification of an individual treatment plan, optimized on a CT data set of an individual patient and prepared for the treatment of this patient.

[Intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with compensators].

The irradiation with intensity-modulated fields is possible with static as well as dynamic methods. In our university hospital, the intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with compensators was prepared and used for the first time for patient irradiation in July 2001. The compensators consist of a mixture of tin granulate and wax, which is filled in a milled negative mould.