The Utility of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) Sleep Disturbance Item as a Screener for Insomnia in Individuals With Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objective: To examine the utility of the sleep disturbance item of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) as a screening tool for insomnia among individuals with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Setting: Telephone interview.

Participants: A sample of 248 individuals with a history of moderate to severe TBI participated in an interview within 2 years of their injury.

A guide to peer reviewing for Spinal Cord.

Peer reviewing is a key mechanism underlying science publishing, but during their graduate training clinicians and researchers are unlikely to be taught the skill. This paper sets forth the art of peer reviewing in general, and the types of reviews that are most useful to the Editors of Spinal Cord (SC). The topics addressed are: the SC editorial process; the role of the referee; review process steps; the content and language of a review; and resources available to peer reviewers.

The Template for Intervention Description and Replication as a Measure of Intervention Reporting Quality: Rasch Analysis.

Objective: To determine whether the 12 items of the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) can be combined into a single summary score reflecting intervention reporting completeness and quality.

Design: Systematic review and reanalysis of published data. After a systematic search of the published literature, 16 review articles were retrieved with 489 sets of 12 TIDieR ratings of experimental intervention, comparator, or the 2 combined as reported in primary studies.

Overview of Reviews Using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) as a Measure of Trial Intervention Reporting Quality.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of descriptions of interventions in health care research reports, based on a synthesis of reviews that used the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) to rate the completeness and quality of intervention reporting.

Design: Overview of published reviews. In a systematic search of the literature, 56 review articles were retrieved that had evaluated 3454 primary studies (index articles) using all or most of the 12 TIDieR items, applied to experimental treatment only or treatment and comparator both, separately.

What Determines the Quality of Rehabilitation Clinical Practice Guidelines?: An Overview Study.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine what factors determine the quality of rehabilitation clinical practice guidelines.

Design: Six databases were searched for articles that had applied the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation II quality assessment tool to rehabilitation clinical practice guidelines. The 573 deduplicated abstracts were independently screened by two authors, resulting in 81 articles, the full texts of which were independently screened by two authors for Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation II application to rehabilitation clinical practice guidelines, resulting in a final selection of 40 reviews appraising 504 clinical practice guidelines.

Recommendations for Reporting on Rehabilitation Interventions.

Clear reporting on rehabilitation treatments is critical for interpreting and replicating study results and for translating treatment research into clinical practice. This article reports the recommendations of a working group on improved reporting on rehabilitation treatments. These recommendations are intended to be combined with the efforts of other working groups, through a consensus process, to arrive at a reporting guideline for randomized controlled trials in physical medicine and rehabilitation (Randomized Controlled Trials Rehabilitation Checklist).

Quality of Rehabilitation Clinical Practice Guidelines: An Overview Study of AGREE II Appraisals.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of rehabilitation Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG), specifically with respect to their applicability.

Data Sources: The Medline, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for papers published between 2017 and 2019 that applied the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation II (AGREE II) CPG quality assessment tool to rehabilitation CPGs.

Study Selection: Deduplicated abstracts (N=449) were independently screened by 2 authors, resulting in 47 articles.

Factors associated with the remission of insomnia after traumatic brain injury: a traumatic brain injury model systems study.

: To examine the factors associated with the remission of insomnia by examining a sample of individuals who had insomnia within the first two years after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and assessing their status at a secondary time point.: Secondary data analysis from a multicenter longitudinal cohort study. A sample of 40 individuals meeting inclusion criteria completed a number of self-report scales measuring sleep/wake characteristics (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Insomnia Severity Index, Sleep Hygiene Index), fatigue and depression (Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue, Patient Health Questionnaire-9), and community participation (Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools-Objective).

The Archivesof Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at 100: Its Development Set in Historical Context.

The Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation was born as a radiology journal, and over its century of existence it has gone through various names and owners while shifting its contents from radiology to physical medicine to physical medicine and rehabilitation. These developments are sketched in light of the growth and eventual merger of physical medicine and rehabilitation in the United States and societal historical developments in the United States and elsewhere.

The Archivesof Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at 100: A Century of Authorship.

Objective: To describe the authors who have contributed articles to the Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (APM&R) over the 100 years of its existence.

Design: Extraction of relevant information from a sample of APM&R articles.

Setting: Not applicable.

Family Involvement in Traumatic Brain Injury Inpatient Rehabilitation: A Propensity Score Analysis of Effects on Outcomes During the First Year After Discharge.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of family attendance at inpatient rehabilitation therapy sessions on traumatic brain injury (TBI) patient outcomes at discharge and up to 9 months postdischarge.

Design: Propensity score methods are applied to the TBI Practice-Based Evidence database, a database consisting of multisite, prospective, longitudinal, and observational data.

Setting: Nine inpatient rehabilitation centers in the United States.

Systematic Reviews of Clinical Benefits of Exoskeleton Use for Gait and Mobility in Neurologic Disorders: A Tertiary Study.

Objective: To describe systematic reviews (SRs) of the use of exoskeletons for gait and mobility by persons with neurologic disorders and to evaluate their quality as guidance for research and clinical practice.

Data Sources: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL Complete, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PEDro, and Google Scholar were searched from database inception to January 23, 2018.

Study Selection: A total of 331 deduplicated abstracts from bibliographic database and ancestor searching were independently screened by 2 reviewers, resulting in 109 articles for which full text was obtained.

Level of Effort and 3 Hour Rule Compliance.

Objective: To determine if patients' level of effort (LOE) in therapy sessions during traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation modifies the effect of compliance with the 3-Hour Rule of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.

Design: Propensity score methodology applied to the TBI Practice-Based Evidence database, consisting of multisite, prospective, longitudinal observational data.

Setting: Acute inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRF).

A beginner's guide to data stewardship and data sharing.

Study Design: A narrative review of principles, benefits and disadvantages, as well as methods of research data sharing.

Objectives: To assist prospective Spinal Cord authors and others with understanding and implementing data sharing, so that various benefits of such sharing can accrue to all spinal cord injury research stakeholders.

Setting: International.

Contextualized Treatment in Traumatic Brain Injury Inpatient Rehabilitation: Effects on Outcomes During the First Year After Discharge.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of providing a greater percentage of therapy as contextualized treatment on acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation outcomes.

Design: Propensity score methods are applied to the TBI Practice-Based Evidence (TBI-PBE) database, a database consisting of multi-site, prospective, longitudinal observational data.

Setting: Acute inpatient rehabilitation.

Advanced Therapy in Traumatic Brain Injury Inpatient Rehabilitation: Effects on Outcomes During the First Year After Discharge.

Objective: To use causal inference methods to determine if receipt of a greater proportion of inpatient rehabilitation treatment focused on higher level functions, for example, executive functions, ambulating over uneven surfaces (advanced therapy [AdvTx]), results in better rehabilitation outcomes.

Design: A cohort study using propensity score methods applied to the traumatic brain injury practice-based evidence (TBI-PBE) database, a database consisting of multisite, prospective, longitudinal observational data.

Setting: Acute inpatient rehabilitation facilities.

Thirty Years of National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Center Research-An Update.

The Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Center (TBIMSC) program was established by the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research in 1987, with the goal of conducting research to improve the care and outcomes for individuals with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). This article provides an update on TBIMSC research program activities since 2010 when a similar article was published. It includes (1) discussion of TBIMSC program management and infrastructure; (2) detail on the management, data quality, access, use, and knowledge translation of the TBIMSC National Database, with more than 16 000 participants with follow-up out to 25 years postinjury to date; (3) an overview of the TBIMSC site-specific studies and collaborative module research; (4) highlights of several collaborative initiatives between the TBIMSCs and other federal, advocacy, and research stakeholders; (5) an overview of the vast knowledge translation occurring through the TBIMSC program; and (6) discussion of issues that impact on the data collection methods for and contents of the TBIMSC National Database.

Advancing Rehabilitation Practice Through Improved Specification of Interventions.

Rehabilitation clinicians strive to provide cost-effective, patient-centered care that optimizes outcomes. A barrier to this ideal is the lack of a universal system for describing, or specifying, rehabilitation interventions. Current methods of description vary across disciplines and settings, creating barriers to collaboration, and tend to focus mostly on functional deficits and anticipated outcomes, obscuring connections between clinician behaviors and changes in functioning.

A Theory-Driven System for the Specification of Rehabilitation Treatments.

The field of rehabilitation remains captive to the black-box problem: our inability to characterize treatments in a systematic fashion across diagnoses, settings, and disciplines, so as to identify and disseminate the active ingredients of those treatments. In this article, we describe the Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System (RTSS), by which any treatment employed in rehabilitation may be characterized, and ultimately classified according to shared properties, via the 3 elements of treatment theory: targets, ingredients, and (hypothesized) mechanisms of action. We discuss important concepts in the RTSS such as the distinction between treatments and treatment components, which consist of 1 target and its associated ingredients; and the distinction between targets, which are the direct effects of treatment, and aims, which are downstream or distal effects.