One-day prevalence of asymptomatic carriage of toxigenic and non-toxigenic Clostridioides difficile in 10 French hospitals.

Background: Asymptomatic faecal carriage of Clostridioides difficile has been widely evaluated, but its prevalence across a wide range of clinical departments and related risk factors are not well described. The objectives of the PORTADIFF study were to evaluate the prevalence and identifying risk factors leading to asymptomatic carriage of both toxigenic and non-toxigenic C. difficile.

Carriage of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in French hospitals: the PORTABLSE study.

Background: Currently, contact precautions are recommended for patients colonized or infected with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE). Recent studies have challenged this strategy. This study aimed to assess the rate of ESBL-PE faecal carriage among hospitalized patients according to type of hospital ward, and to identify risk factors associated with carriage.

Costs associated with implementation of a strict policy for controlling spread of highly resistant microorganisms in France.

Objective: To assess costs associated with implementation of a strict 'search and isolate' strategy for controlling highly drug-resistant organisms (HDRO).

Design: Review of data from 2-year prospective surveillance (01/2012 to 12/2013) of HDRO.

Setting: Three university hospitals located in northern Paris.

Hospital cost of Clostridium difficile infection including the contribution of recurrences in French acute-care hospitals.

Background: The impact of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) on healthcare costs is significant due to the extra costs of associated inpatient care. However, the specific contribution of recurrences has rarely been studied.

Aim: The aim of this study was to estimate the hospital costs of CDI and the fraction attributable to recurrences in French acute-care hospitals.

Predictive factors for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae causing infection among intensive care unit patients with prior colonization.

We investigated the predictive factors for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) causing infections among intensive care unit patients with prior documented ESBL-PE colonization. Using multivariate analysis, referral from medical ward, nursing home or rehabilitation center [Odds ratio (OR), 2.5; 95 % confidence interval (CI), [1.

Outbreak in a haematology unit involving an unusual strain of glycopeptide-resistant Enterococcus faecium carrying both vanA and vanB genes.

Objectives: To report an outbreak due to an unusual strain of Enterococcus faecium containing both the vanA and vanB genes, in France, where the rate of glycopeptide-resistant enterococci (GRE) is below 1%.

Methods: Cases were patients infected or colonized with GRE on the haematology ward. Contact patients were screened by real-time PCR performed on rectal swabs.

In vivo selection of a complex mutant TEM (CMT) from an inhibitor-resistant TEM (IRT) during ceftazidime therapy.

Objectives: A relapse from Escherichia coli bloodstream infection was observed in a patient with acute leukaemia treated with ceftazidime for 7 days for febrile neutropenia. Whereas the original E. coli isolate was resistant to β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations (EC1), the relapse E.

[Enterobacteriaceae producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase: epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention].

Multidrug-resistant bacteria are a major worldwide health public concern. It results from the growing increase in antibiotic prescriptions, which are responsible for selection pressure on bacteria. In France like in other countries, enterobacteriaceae producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase (EESBL) are the predominant multidrug-resistant bacteria.

The emergence of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae of international clones ST13, ST16, ST35, ST48 and ST101 in a teaching hospital in the Paris region.

Despite infection control measures, an important increase in the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae incidence density occurred in our hospital from 2006 onwards. This study, focusing on the 2005-2007 period, was performed in an attempt to explain this increase. ESBLs were characterized, isolates were typed by ERIC2-PCR, and sequence type (ST) of clustered isolates was determined.

Diversity of individual dynamic patterns of emergence of resistance to quinolones in Escherichia coli from the fecal flora of healthy volunteers exposed to ciprofloxacin.

Background: Emergence of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli (QREC) is an increasing clinical challenge mostly originating in fecal microbiota. The dynamics of the emergence of QREC in feces from individuals exposed to ciprofloxacin is unknown.

Methods: A total of 48 healthy volunteers received oral ciprofloxacin for 14 days.

Replicon typing of plasmids in Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.

Objectives: Escherichia coli producing CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-14 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are spreading worldwide. The aim of this work was to investigate the replicons involved in the emergence and spread of ESBLs in relation to ESBL type.

Methods: A collection of 125 TEM, SHV and CTX-M ESBL-producing E.

[Characteristics of hypersensitivity syndrome to lamotrigine: review of one case reported in the Regional Center of Pharmacovigilance of Nantes].

Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening idiosyncratic drug reaction. In the literature, about five cases have been reported concerning hypersensitivity syndrome with lamotrigine. Most cases concern aromatic anticonvulsants but we report a case induced by lamotrigine which is a non aromatic anticonvulsant.