Local control and short-term outcomes after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery segmentectomy versus lobectomy for pT1c pN0 non-small-cell lung cancer.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare short-term outcomes and local control in pT1c pN0 non-small-cell lung cancer that were intentionally treated by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy or segmentectomy.

Methods: Multicentre retrospective study of consecutive patients undergoing VATS lobectomy (VL) or VATS segmentectomy (VS) for pT1c pN0 non-small-cell lung cancer from January 2014 to October 2021. Patients' characteristics, postoperative outcomes and survival were compared.

Impact of Variations in the Nursing Care Supply-Demand Ratio on Postoperative Outcomes and Costs.

Introduction: Improving surgical outcomes is a priority during the last decades because of the rising economic health care burden. The adoption of enhanced recovery programs has been proven to be part of the solution. In this context, the impact of variations in the nursing care supply-demand ratio on postoperative complications and its economic consequences is still not well elucidated.

Performance of prolonged air leak scoring systems in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery segmentectomy.

Objectives: We assessed the accuracy of 3 validated lobectomy scoring systems to predict prolonged air leak (PAL) in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) segmentectomy.

Methods: We reviewed all consecutive patients who had a VATS segmentectomy between January 2016 and October 2020. We determined PALs on postoperative day 5.

An aberrant right hepatic artery arising from the gastroduodenal artery: a pitfall encountered during pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Purpose: Among the variations of the right hepatic artery (RHA), the identification of an aberrant RHA arising from the gastroduodenal artery (GDA) is vital for avoiding damage to the RHA during surgery, since ligation of the GDA is necessary during pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). However, this variation is not frequently reported. The purpose of this study was to focus on an aberrant RHA arising from the GDA, which was not noted in the classifications reported by Michels and Hiatt.

Fluorescence-based bowel anastomosis perfusion evaluation: results from the IHU-IRCAD-EAES EURO-FIGS registry.

Background: Anastomotic leakage (AL) is one of the dreaded complications following surgery in the digestive tract. Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging is a means to intraoperatively visualize anastomotic perfusion, facilitating fluorescence image-guided surgery (FIGS) with the purpose to reduce the incidence of AL. The aim of this study was to analyze the current practices and results of NIRF imaging of the anastomosis in digestive tract surgery through the EURO-FIGS registry.

Uniportal ligamentum-based approach to posterolateral segments 9 and 10.

Uniportal VATS posterolateral segmentectomy (S9 and S10) can be an option for treatment of early-stage lung cancer or in cases of central metastases.  Lower lobe segmentectomy is challenging because the pyramidal shape of the basilar segments makes the identification of the intersegmental plane difficult, and the segmental arterial and venous supply is highly variable. Although identifying the segmental arterial branches is easier with a fissure-based technique, the ligamentum-based approach has emerged as a valid and safe alternative in cases of fused fissure.

Neutrophils suppress tumor-infiltrating T cells in colon cancer via matrix metalloproteinase-mediated activation of TGFβ.

High T-cell infiltration in colorectal cancer (CRC) correlates with a favorable disease outcome and immunotherapy response. This, however, is only observed in a small subset of CRC patients. A better understanding of the factors influencing tumor T-cell responses in CRC could inspire novel therapeutic approaches to achieve broader immunotherapy responsiveness.

Surgical site infections after pancreatic surgery in the era of enhanced recovery protocols.

Few data exist on risk factors (RF) for surgical site infections (SSI) among patients treated in an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway. This study aimed to assess RF for SSI after pancreas surgery in a non-ERAS group and an ERAS cohort.An exploratory retrospective analysis of all pancreas surgeries prospectively collected (01/2000-12/2015) was performed.

Acute appendicitis in overweight patients: the role of preoperative imaging.

Background: The diagnosis of acute appendicitis in overweight patients is challenging due to the limited value of the clinical examination. The benefits of ultrasonography and abdominal CT have been studied in the general population, but there is limited data regarding their use in overweight and obese patients with suspected appendicitis. This study analyzes the role of preoperative radiological modalities in overweight patients with suspected appendicitis.

Genotypic features of lentivirus transgenic mice.

Lentivector-mediated transgenesis is increasingly used, whether for basic studies as an alternative to pronuclear injection of naked DNA or to test candidate gene therapy vectors. In an effort to characterize the genetic features of this approach, we first measured the frequency of germ line transmission of individual proviruses established by infection of fertilized mouse oocytes. Seventy integrants from 11 founder (G0) mice were passed to 111 first generation (G1) pups, for a total of 255 events corresponding to an average rate of transmission of 44%.

Expression of FGF-2 in neural progenitor cells enhances their potential for cellular brain repair in the rodent cortex.

Strategies to enhance the capacity of grafted stem/progenitors cells to generate multipotential, proliferative and migrating pools of cells in the postnatal brain could be crucial for structural repair after brain damage. We investigated whether the over-expression of basic fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) in neural progenitor cells (NPCs) could provide a robust source of migrating NPCs for tissue repair in the rat cerebral cortex. Using live imaging we provide direct evidence that FGF-2 over-expression significantly enhances the migratory capacity of grafted NPCs in complex 3D structures, such as cortical slices.

GABA regulates dendritic growth by stabilizing lamellipodia in newly generated interneurons of the olfactory bulb.

The initial formation and growth of dendrites is a critical step leading to the integration of newly generated neurons into postnatal functional networks. However, the cellular mechanisms and extracellular signals regulating this process remain mostly unknown. By directly observing newborn neurons derived from the subventricular zone in culture as well as in olfactory bulb slices, we show that ambient GABA acting through GABA(A) receptors is essential for the temporal stability of lamellipodial protrusions in dendritic growth cones but did not interfere with filopodia dynamics.

A versatile tool for conditional gene expression and knockdown.

Drug-inducible systems allowing the control of gene expression in mammalian cells are invaluable tools for genetic research, and could also fulfill essential roles in gene- and cell-based therapy. Currently available systems, however, often have limited in vivo functionality because of leakiness, insufficient levels of induction, lack of tissue specificity or prohibitively complicated designs. Here we describe a lentiviral vector-based, conditional gene expression system for drug-controllable expression of polymerase (Pol) II promoter-driven transgenes or Pol III promoter-controlled sequences encoding small inhibitory hairpin RNAs (shRNAs).