Miniature mass spectrometer systems based on a microengineered quadrupole filter.

Two miniature mass spectrometer systems based on a microengineered quadrupole mass filter have been developed. One of the instruments has a footprint of 27 cm x 20 cm and is intended for laboratory use when space is at a premium. The other is portable and intended for use in the field.

Pharmacokinetics of high doses of intramuscular and oral heroin in narcotic addicts.

Background: In several countries medical prescription of diacetylmorphine is currently being evaluated as a treatment option for heavily dependent narcotic addicts. Because of damaged veins, many patients administer diacetylmorphine intramuscularly or orally. Therefore we characterized the pharmacokinetics of intramuscular and oral diacetylmorphine in the high dose range usually required in narcotic addicts.