Multidimensional assessment of social cognition using non-immersive virtual reality in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease: an exploratory study.

Introduction: Few studies have focused on social cognition in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), even though some brain structures being well known as underlying social cognitive processes are directly impacted in this disease. Furthermore, social cognition processes have been mostly studied independently using evaluations with poor ecological validity. We aimed at studying the ability of a new naturalistic and multidimensional social cognition task to reveal impairments in DLB patients.

[Good medicinal practice in epilepsy in the elderly].

Epilepsy is a frequent disease in the elderly. Diagnosis must be precise and systematic. Initiation of treatment must be assessed according to epileptic risk and comorbidities.

[Cerebral amyloid angiopathy and atrial fibrillation: anticoagulant dilemma].

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy and atrial fibrillation are two frequent comorbidities in older patients, leading to a therapeutic dilemma on the risk-benefit ratio of long-term anticoagulation. These patients both have a risk of cardioembolic complications due to atrial fibrillation, and a risk of cerebral haemorrhage from cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Since there is no therapeutic consensus, the best therapeutic strategy should be discussed during a multidisciplinary staff, based on four risk estimations: 1) the baseline risk of intracerebral haemorrhage without anticoagulation; 2) the risk of ischaemic stroke without anticoagulation; 3) the expected increase of intracerebral haemorrhage with anticoagulation; 4) the expected reduction in ischaemic stroke risk with anticoagulation.

[Pyoderma gangrenosum and hemopathies in older patients].

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) belongs to neutrophilic dermatoses. PG can have different clinical presentations (ulcerated, bullous, pustular), is often painful, and preferentially affects the lower limbs. The diagnosis can be challenging, and a cutaneous biopsy is often necessary, which shows an aseptic cutaneous infiltrate of neutrophils.

Prodromal characteristics of dementia with Lewy bodies: baseline results of the MEMENTO memory clinics nationwide cohort.

Background: Isolated subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are the prodromal phases of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). MEMENTO is a nationwide study of patients with SCI and MCI with clinic, neuropsychology, biology, and brain imaging data. We aimed to compare SCI and MCI patients with symptoms of prodromal DLB to others in this study at baseline.

[Confusional syndrome in the emergency room: from diagnosis to management].

Delirium is an emergency and can have serious consequences. On the arrival at the emergency room of an elderly person, it should be systematically checked for confusional syndrome. If it is confirmed, a systematic and rapid etiological assessment carried out in the emergency room allows the identification of predisposing and precipitating factors.

Fecal impaction is associated with postoperative urinary retention after hip fracture surgery.

Background: Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) is a common hip fracture (HF) complication. Although fecal impaction (FI) is one of the oft-cited causes of POUR in clinical practice, evidence regarding this association is scarce.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether FI was associated with POUR after HF surgery in older patients.

FOXO3 targets are reprogrammed as Huntington's disease neural cells and striatal neurons face senescence with p16 increase.

Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) have been linked to the critical process in aging-cellular senescence. However, the temporal dynamics of cellular senescence in ND conditions is unresolved. Here, we show senescence features develop in human Huntington's disease (HD) neural stem cells (NSCs) and medium spiny neurons (MSNs), including the increase of p16 , a key inducer of cellular senescence.

Learning clinical networks from medical records based on information estimates in mixed-type data.

The precise diagnostics of complex diseases require to integrate a large amount of information from heterogeneous clinical and biomedical data, whose direct and indirect interdependences are notoriously difficult to assess. To this end, we propose an efficient computational approach to simultaneously compute and assess the significance of multivariate information between any combination of mixed-type (continuous/categorical) variables. The method is then used to uncover direct, indirect and possibly causal relationships between mixed-type data from medical records, by extending a recent machine learning method to reconstruct graphical models beyond simple categorical datasets.

Multicenter phase III randomized trial comparing laparoscopy and laparotomy for colon cancer surgery in patients older than 75 years: the CELL study, a Fédération de Recherche en Chirurgie (FRENCH) trial.

Background: Several multicenter randomized controlled trials comparing laparoscopy and conventional open surgery for colon cancer have demonstrated that laparoscopic approach achieved the same oncological results while improving significantly early postoperative outcomes. These trials included few elderly patients, with a median age not exceeding 71 years. However, colon cancer is a disease of the elderly.

Simultaneous quantification of tau and α-synuclein in cerebrospinal fluid by high-resolution mass spectrometry for differentiation of Lewy Body Dementia from Alzheimer's Disease and controls.

Tau and α-synuclein are central in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer Disease (AD), Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) and Parkinson Disease (PD). New analytical methods for precise quantification of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of both tau and α-synuclein are required to differentiate between dementias or monitor therapeutic responses. Notably, levels of total α-synuclein reported by ELISA are inconsistent among studies, impacted by antibody specificity or lack of standardization.

Procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein for Bacterial Infection Diagnosis in Elderly Patients After Traumatic Orthopedic Surgery.

Background: Biomarkers prove valuable for diagnosing postoperative bacterial infection, but data in elderly patients are scarce. Here we analyze how procalcitonin and C-reactive protein (CRP) perform for bacterial infection diagnosis after traumatic orthopedic surgery in elderly patients.

Methods: We included all patients admitted to our perioperative geriatrics unit after traumatic orthopedic surgery.

[Differential diagnosis of strokes, the traps to avoid].

Strokes are a significant issue in geriatric medicine as more than half occur in patients over the age of 75. However, not all the symptoms of a focal neurological deficit in the elderly are indicative of a stroke. There are a number of differential diagnoses and only a detailed examination of the patient can enable an accurate diagnosis to be established.

Genetic cooperativity in multi-layer networks implicates cell survival and senescence in the striatum of Huntington's disease mice synchronous to symptoms.

Motivation: Huntington's disease (HD) may evolve through gene deregulation. However, the impact of gene deregulation on the dynamics of genetic cooperativity in HD remains poorly understood. Here, we built a multi-layer network model of temporal dynamics of genetic cooperativity in the brain of HD knock-in mice (allelic series of Hdh mice).

[Lewy body dementia: therapeutic propositions according to evidence based medicine and practice].

Lewy body dementia (LBD) may present with two clinical forms: dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease with dementia. LBD is characterized by a profound deficiency of acetylcholine and a deficiency of dopamine. The cholinergic deficit is implicated in major attention disorders and fluctuations.

Contribution of geriatric model to the management of an epileptic seizure or epilepsy.

Epileptic seizures and epilepsy appear frequent in the elderly. The diagnosis is often more difficult and therapeutic decisions are often debated. In this context, the implementation of a rigorous analysis and reasoning to correctly determine the various components at the origin of the epileptic seizure is fundamental.

[Dementia with Lewy bodies].

Dementia with lewy bodies. Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most frequent causes of dementia notably in the elderly. The clinical signs are extremly various and the diagnosis is rarely correctly made with an important deficit of sensitivity.

Study protocol on Alzheimer's disease and related disorders: focus on clinical and imaging predictive markers in co-existing lesions.

Background: One of the crucial challenges for the future of therapeutic approaches to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is to target the main pathological processes responsible for disability and dependency. However, a progressive cognitive impairment occurring after the age of 70, the main population affected by dementia, is often related to mixed lesions of neurodegenerative and vascular origins. Whereas young patients are mostly affected by pure lesions, ageing favours the occurrence of co-lesions of AD, cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD).