A retrospective evaluation of pooled serum ELISA testing in the frame of the French eradication program for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis.

Pooled serum testing using whole-virus indirect ELISA has been recently recognized as an official method for surveillance of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV1) in cattle herds in Europe. In this study, a retrospective analysis of data from the French BoHV1 surveillance campaign 2018-2019, including 7434 BoHV1-free certified herds and 157 infected herds, was performed in order to evaluate the diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of two pooled serum indirect ELISAs (from IDEXX and IDVet), in comparison with individual testing by blocking ELISAs targeting the gB and gE proteins. Pooled serum testing showed a relative specificity higher than 97.

Improvement of eradication program for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in France inferred by serological monitoring of singleton reactors in certified BoHV1-free herds.

Within the framework of the national voluntary eradication program for Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV1) in France, the proportion of certified-free herds which experienced no more than two positive animals (termed singleton reactors) steadily increased to reach up to 95% in 2015. The aim of this study was to collate and evaluate serological data to gain insight into these epidemiological questionable BoHV1 seropositive animals. Preliminary evaluation of the performances of BoHV1 ELISA kits using a collection of 997 field sera with well-defined status revealed a relatively low specificity of the two gB blocking ELISAs most used in France for confirmatory testing (93.

Importance of operational factors in the reproducibility of Aspergillus galactomannan enzyme immune assay.

Background: The Platelia Aspergillus Ag assay (Bio-Rad) is designed for detecting Aspergillus galactomannan (GM) and is widely used for diagnosing invasive aspergillosis but is hampered by variable occurrences of unreproducible positive results. Frequency and origin of these unreproducible results have not been formally studied.

Methods: Different technicians simultaneously performed four tests on 550 consecutive sera from adult patients (Test#1-Test#2 for extraction#1 and Test#3-Test#4 for extraction#2).

Biotin sulfone as a new tool for synthetic oligosaccharide immobilization: application to multiple analysis profiling and surface plasmonic analysis of anti-Candida albicans antibody reactivity against alpha and beta (1-->2) oligomannosides.

As a part of our glycoantigen synthetic program for diagnosis and basic analysis of yeast-related pathogenic mechanisms, a library of 1-->2 oligomannosides suitable for immunoanalysis was prepared. The use of biotin sulfone, an oxidized form of biotin, offers a convenient solution for both oligosaccharide synthesis and immobilization on microspheres and surface plasmon resonance sensors. The application of this new strategy for the analysis of anti- Candida albicans antibody response through multiple-analyte profiling technology (Luminex) and with surface plasmonic analysis using biotin tagged synthetic oligosaccharides on avidin coated surfaces was validated using monoclonal antibodies.

Optimization of the cutoff value for the Aspergillus double-sandwich enzyme immunoassay.

Background: Many health care centers worldwide use the Platelia Aspergillus enzyme immunoassay (PA-EIA; Bio-Rad Laboratories) for diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis (IA). A cutoff optical density (OD) index of 1.5 was originally recommended by the manufacturer, but in practice, most institutions use lower cutoff values.

Recombinant antigens as diagnostic markers for aspergillosis.

Eight recombinant proteins and purified galactomannan of Aspergillus fumigatus were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to quantify the anti-Aspergillus antibodies in sera of patients with aspergilloma, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), and invasive aspergillosis (IA). In spite of the variability observed in the immune responses of individual patients, quantification of the antibody titers against the 18-kDa ribonuclease (RNU), the 360-kDa catalase (CAT), and the 88-kDa dipeptidylpeptidase V (DPPV) was useful for the diagnosis of aspergilloma and ABPA. Differential diagnosis of ABPA was even possible among cystic fibrosis as well as noncystic fibrosis patients.

Detection of galactomannan antigenemia by enzyme immunoassay for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis: variables that affect performance.

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a frequent complication of blood or marrow transplantation. Previous studies have reported that the Aspergillus galactomannan enzyme immunoassay (GM EIA) may be a useful diagnostic tool for IA, but its sensitivity is variable. We examined the performance of the GM EIA in 986 serum samples from 67 patients.

Increased sensitivity of mannanemia detection tests by joint detection of alpha- and beta-linked oligomannosides during experimental and human systemic candidiasis.

An enzyme immunoassay (EIA)-the commercially available Platelia Candida antigen test-developed for the diagnosis of systemic candidiasis is based on the detection of alpha-linked oligomannose residues (alpha-Man) released from Candida cells into the serum. This test has good specificity but has to be repeated frequently because of the rapid clearance of detectable mannanemia. We have developed a second EIA based on detection of beta-linked oligomannoses (beta-Man), since beta-Man are linked to different Candida molecules and interact differently with the host immune system and endogenous lectins and should therefore present different kinetics of serum clearance.

Combined detection of mannanaemia and antimannan antibodies as a strategy for the diagnosis of systemic infection caused by pathogenic Candida species.

A novel strategy for the diagnosis of systemic candidosis was evaluated, based on the combination of two enzyme immunoassays that detect a candida oligomannoside repetitive epitope expressed in large amounts by Candida albicans (Platelia Candida Ag), and antibodies against C. albicans mannan, the major cell-wall immunogen in which this epitope is present (Platelia Candida Ab). Sera were selected retrospectively from intensive care and haematology patients with clinically suspected systemic candidosis, and from whom Candida spp.