Background: Levels of free myeloperoxidase (MPO), a cardiovascular risk marker, have been reported to decline with standard care. Whether such declines signify decreased risk of mortality remains unknown.
Design: Cox proportional hazard models were generated using data from a retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected measures.
Aim: To investigate whether an increased bolus: basal insulin ratio (BBR) with liver-targeted bolus insulin (BoI) would increase BoI use and decrease hypoglycaemic events (HEv).
Patient Population And Methods: We enrolled 52 persons (HbA1c 6.9% ± 0.
Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) is a primary oral pathogen in the widespread biofilm-induced "chronic" multi-systems inflammatory disease(s) including Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is possibly the only second identified unique example of a biological extremophile in the human body. Having a better understanding of the key microbiological and genetic mechanisms of its pathogenesis and disease induction are central to its future diagnosis, treatment, and possible prevention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Concentrations of circulating apolipoproteins are strongly linked to risk for coronary artery disease (CAD). The relative importance of the additional knowledge of apolipoprotein concentrations within specific lipoprotein species for CAD risk prediction is limited.
Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the performance of a high-density lipoprotein (HDL) apolipoproteomic score, based on targeted mass spectrometry of HDL-associated apolipoproteins, for the detection of angiographic CAD and outcomes.
Introduction And Hypothesis: SDF-1 chemokine enhances tissue regeneration through stem cell chemotaxis, neovascularization and neuronal regeneration. We hypothesized that non-viral delivery of human plasmids that express SDF-1 (pSDF-1) may represent a novel regenerative therapy for stress urinary incontinence (SUI).
Methods: Seventy-six female rats underwent vaginal distention (VD).
Background: Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is a measure of HDL function that, in cell-based studies, has demonstrated an inverse association with cardiovascular disease. The cell-based measure of CEC is complex and low-throughput. We hypothesized that assessment of the lipoprotein proteome would allow for precise, high-throughput CEC prediction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Diabetes is a risk equivalent for cardiovascular events. The increase in vascular inflammation with diabetes is believed to be responsible for increased risk of ischemic events in diabetic patients. Our goal was to assess whether knowledge of vascular inflammation alters cardiovascular risk over time, and how knowledge of vascular inflammation changes risk in non-diabetic, pre-diabetic and diabetic patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRationale: The TIME trial (Timing in Myocardial Infarction Evaluation) was the first cell therapy trial sufficiently powered to determine if timing of cell delivery after ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction affects recovery of left ventricular (LV) function.
Objective: To report the 2-year clinical and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging results and their modification by microvascular obstruction.
Methods And Results: TIME was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing 150 million bone marrow mononuclear cells versus placebo in 120 patients with anterior ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarctions resulting in LV dysfunction.
Diabetes is a risk factor for worse outcomes following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that SDF-1:CXCR4 expression is compromised in post-AMI in diabetes, and that reversal of this defect can reverse the adverse effects of diabetes. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) isolated from green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice (control MSC) were induced to overexpress stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStem Cells Transl Med
September 2017
Transplantation of adult stem cells into myocardial tissue after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), has been shown to improve tissue recovery and prevent progression to ischemic cardiomyopathy. Studies suggest that the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are due to paracrine factors released by MSC, as the benefits of MSC can be achieved through delivery of conditioned media (CM) alone. We previously demonstrated that downregulation of Dab2 enhances MSC cardiac protein expression and improves cardiac function after AMI following MSC engraftment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFemale Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg
June 2018
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pregnancy and delivery mode on cytokine expression in the pelvic organs and serum of lysyl oxidase like-1 knockout (LOXL1 KO) mice, which develop pelvic organ prolapse after delivery.
Methods: Bladder, urethra, vagina, rectum, and blood were harvested from female LOXL1 KO mice during pregnancy, after vaginal or cesarean delivery, and from sham cesarean and unmanipulated controls. Pelvic organs and blood were also harvested from pregnant and vaginally delivered wild-type (WT) mice and from unmanipulated female virgin WT controls.
Decreases in circulating hsCRP have been associated with increased physical activity and exercise training, although the ability of exercise interventions to reduce hsCRP and which individuals benefit the most remains unclear. This meta-analysis evaluates the ability of exercise to reduce hsCRP levels in healthy individuals and in individuals with heart disease. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted that included exercise interventions trials from 1995 to 2012.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeart failure (HF) patients commit many errors on driving simulation tasks and cognitive dysfunction appears to be one important contributor to impaired driving in HF. Clinical modifiers of cognition may also play a key role. In particular, depression is common in HF patients, linked with cognitive dysfunction, and contributes to reduced driving fitness in non-HF samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1):CXCR4 is important in myocardial repair. In this study we tested the hypothesis that early upregulation of cardiomyocyte CXCR4 (CM-CXCR4) at a time of high myocardial SDF-1 expression could be a strategy to engage the SDF-1:CXCR4 axis and improve cardiac repair. The effects of the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) hydroxylase inhibitor dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) on CXCR4 expression was tested on H9c2 cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Reduced physical fitness secondary to heart failure (HF) may contribute to poor driving; reduced physical fitness is a known correlate of cognitive impairment and has been associated with decreased independence in driving. No study has examined the associations among physical fitness, cognition, and driving performance in people with HF.
Method: Eighteen people with HF completed a physical fitness assessment, a cognitive test battery, and a validated driving simulator scenario.
Background: Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) promotes tissue repair through mechanisms of cell survival, endogenous stem cell recruitment, and vasculogenesis. Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 Plasmid Treatment for Patients with Heart Failure (STOP-HF) is a Phase II, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate safety and efficacy of a single treatment of plasmid stromal cell-derived factor-1 (pSDF-1) delivered via endomyocardial injection to patients with ischaemic heart failure (IHF).
Methods: Ninety-three subjects with IHF on stable guideline-based medical therapy and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40%, completed Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLWHFQ) and 6-min walk distance (6 MWD), were randomized 1 : 1 : 1 to receive a single treatment of either a 15 or 30 mg dose of pSDF-1 or placebo via endomyocardial injections.
Childbirth injures muscles and nerves responsible for urinary continence. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or their secretome given systemically could provide therapeutic benefit for this complex multisite injury. We investigated whether MSCs or their secretome, as collected from cell culture, facilitate recovery from simulated childbirth injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been associated with reduced arrhythmias; however, the mechanism of this action is unknown. In addition, limited retention and survival of MSCs can significantly reduce efficacy. We hypothesized that MSCs can improve impulse conduction and that alginate hydrogel will enhance retention of MSCs in a model of healed myocardial infarction (MI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemotactic factors direct the migration of immune cells, multipotent stem cells, and progenitor cells under physiologic and pathologic conditions. Chemokine ligand 12 and chemokine ligand 7 have been identified and investigated in multiple studies for their role in cellular trafficking in the setting of tissue regeneration. Recent early phase clinical trials have suggested that these molecules may lead to clinical benefit in patients with chronic disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose/aim: Heart failure patients often require assistance with activities of daily living, including driving. Recent work shows heart failure patients commit more errors on a simulated driving task relative to controls and cognitive dysfunction contributed to these errors. We sought to extend these findings by examining whether structural magnetic resonance imaging indices correlate with driving independence and performance in heart failure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHDL and apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1) concentrations inversely correlate with risk of death from ischemic heart disease; however, the role of apoA1 in the myocardial response to ischemia has not been well defined. To test whether apoA1, the primary HDL apolipoprotein, has an acute anti-inflammatory role in ischemic heart disease, we induced myocardial infarction via direct left anterior descending coronary artery ligation in apoA1 null (apoA1(-/-)) and apoA1 heterozygous (apoA1(+/-)) mice. We observed that apoA1(+/-) and apoA1(-/-) mice had a 52% and 125% increase in infarct size as a percentage of area at risk, respectively, compared with wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe intricacy of multiple feedback loops in the pathways downstream of Akt allows this kinase to control multiple cellular processes in the cardiovascular system and precludes inferring consequences of its activation in specific pathological conditions. Akt1, the major Akt isoform in the heart and vasculature, has a protective role in the endothelium during atherosclerosis. However, Akt1 activation may also have detrimental consequences in the cardiovascular system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF