Publications by authors named "Marc Ruiz"

Multiband (MB) optical transmission targets increasing the capacity of operators' optical transport networks. However, nonlinear impairments (NLI) affect each optical channel in the C+L+S bands differently, and, therefore, the routing and spectrum assignment (RSA) problem needs to be complemented with fast and accurate tools to consider the quality of transmission (QoT) within the provisioning process. This paper proposes a digital twin-assisted approach for lightpath provisioning to provide a complete solution for the RSA problem that ensures the required QoT in MB optical networks.

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Optical communications providing huge capacity and low latency remain vulnerable to a range of attacks. In consequence, encryption at the optical layer is needed to ensure secure data transmission. In our previous work, we proposed LightPath SECurity (LPSec), a secure cryptographic solution for optical transmission that leverages stream ciphers and Diffie-Hellman (DH) key exchange for high-speed optical encryption.

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Article Synopsis
  • Tissue establishments process and distribute allografts, requiring a matching process based on allograft morphology, which can be error-prone due to manual procedures.
  • A new digital system is proposed to manage bone allograft-recipient matching by using DICOM files for image storage and provides advanced functionalities like 3D modeling and simultaneous data visualization.
  • Testing at the Barcelona Tissue Bank shows that this software can optimize the matching process by improving interaction and measurement capabilities.
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The research and innovation related to fifth-generation (5G) networks that has been carried out in recent years has decided on the fundamentals of the smart slice in radio access networks (RANs), as well as the autonomous fixed network operation. One of the most challenging objectives of beyond 5G (B5G) and sixth-generation (6G) networks is the deployment of mechanisms that enable smart end-to-end (e2e) network operation, which is required for the achievement of the stringent service requirements of the envisioned use cases to be supported in the short term. Therefore, smart actions, such as dynamic capacity allocation, flexible functional split, and dynamic slice management need to be performed in tight coordination with the autonomous capacity management of the fixed transport network infrastructure.

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Quantum computing allows the implementation of powerful algorithms with enormous computing capabilities and promises a secure quantum Internet. Despite the advantages brought by quantum communication, certain communication paradigms are impossible or cannot be completely implemented due to the no-cloning theorem. Qubit retransmission for reliable communications and point-to-multipoint quantum communication (QP2MP) are among them.

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Article Synopsis
  • A study on osteoporosis medication in Europe showed that most patients are older women with hypertension, but many don’t stick with their treatment.
  • The research analyzed patients using various osteoporosis drugs across seven European countries from 2018 to 2022, revealing that persistence with these medications decreases significantly over time.
  • Alendronate was the most commonly prescribed drug, but switching between medications was frequent, particularly within the first six months of treatment.
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New 5 G and beyond services demand innovative solutions in optical transport to increase efficiency and flexibility and reduce capital (CAPEX) and operational (OPEX) expenditures to support heterogeneous and dynamic traffic. In this context, optical point-to-multipoint (P2MP) connectivity is seen as an alternative to provide connectivity to multiple sites from a single source, thus potentially both reducing CAPEX and OPEX. Digital subcarrier multiplexing (DSCM) has been shown as a feasible candidate for optical P2MP in view of its ability to generate multiple subcarriers (SC) in the frequency domain that can be used to serve several destinations.

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The evolution towards next-generation Beyond 5G (B5G) networks will require not only innovation in transport technologies but also the adoption of smarter, more efficient operations of the use cases that are foreseen to be the high consumers of network resources in the next decades. Among different B5G use cases, the Digital Twin (DT) has been identified as a key high bandwidth-demanding use case. The creation and operation of a DT require the continuous collection of an enormous and widely distributed amount of sensor telemetry data which can overwhelm the transport layer.

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Network automation promises to reduce costs while guaranteeing the required performance; this is paramount when dealing with the forecasted highly dynamic traffic that will be generated by new 5G/6G applications. In optical networks, autonomous lightpath operation entails that the optical receiver can identify the configuration of a received optical signal without necessarily being configured from the network controller. This provides relief for the network controller from real-time operation, and it can simplify the operation in multi-domain scenarios, where an optical connection spans across more than one domain.

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As the dynamicity of the traffic increases, the need for self-network operation becomes more evident. One of the solutions that might bring cost savings to network operators is the dynamic capacity management of large packet flows, especially in the context of packet over optical networks. Machine Learning, particularly Reinforcement Learning, seems to be an enabler for autonomicity as a result of its inherent capacity to learn from experience.

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Methods: The aim of the paper is twofold. First, we present Starviewer, a DICOM viewer developed in C++ with a core component built on top of open-source libraries. The viewer supports extensions that implement functionalities and front-ends for specific use cases.

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In this paper, we present a new framework for multimodal volume visualization that combines several information-theoretic strategies to define both colors and opacities of the multimodal transfer function. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first fully automatic scheme to visualize multimodal data. To define the fused color, we set an information channel between two registered input datasets, and afterward, we compute the informativeness associated with the respective intensity bins.

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In this paper we present a framework to define transfer functions from a target distribution provided by the user. A target distribution can reflect the data importance, or highly relevant data value interval, or spatial segmentation. Our approach is based on a communication channel between a set of viewpoints and a set of bins of a volume data set, and it supports 1D as well as 2D transfer functions including the gradient information.

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Based on imipenem resistance in an Acinetobacter genospecies 3 clinical isolate, we were able to identify, for the first time in this genomic species, a plasmid-encoded bla(OXA-58) gene that was 100% homologous to the same gene in Acinetobacter baumannii.

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The bla(OXA-58) gene identified in the Acinetobacter phenon 6/ct13TU clinical isolate presented 100% homology with the same gene in Acinetobacter baumannii. Its location in a plasmid suggests that these resistance genes may be transferred from 1 species to another.

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Seventy-five Acinetobacter baumannii strains belonging to different pulsetypes, plus one ceftazidime-susceptible strain, from a pulsetype in which all strains were resistant, were included in this study. The minimum inhibitory concentration of ceftazidime was determined by the microdilution method. The bla(ADC)-like gene, the IS(Aba1) element and the IS(Aba1) located in the bla(ADC)-like promoter were detected by PCR.

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Background: A. baumannii outbreaks are difficult to control because of the relative ease with which this microorganism spreads and persists in hospital settings. Successive papers reported increased resistance in clinical isolates of A.

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