Influence of processing of seitan, tempeh, and firm regular tofu on protein and lipid oxidation and Maillard reaction products formation.

The impact of production and cooking on protein oxidation, lipid oxidation and Maillard reaction products (MRPs) generation was evaluated for firm regular tofu, tempeh, and seitan, three plant-based alternatives to meat products. Tofu showed higher content of protein-bound carbonyls (25.5 ± 5.

Bioactive peptides derived from insect proteins: Preparation, biological activities, potential applications, and safety issues.

Bioactive peptides are polypeptides with specific amino acid sequences that exhibit biological activities and health benefits. Insects have emerged as a sustainable source of proteins in human food and animal feed due to their efficient resource utilization, low environmental footprint, and good nutritional profile. Moreover, insect-derived bioactive peptides (IBPs) offer potential applications in functional foods and pharmaceuticals due to their antioxidant, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anti-obesity activities.

The distinct mechanism regulating taurine homeostasis in mice: Nutrient availability affects taurine levels in the liver and energy restriction influences it in the intestine.

Aims: Our previous findings indicate that caloric restriction (CR) stimulates the production and secretion of taurine-conjugated bile acids in mice. Subsequent processing by gut microbiota leads to increased levels of deconjugated bile acids, taurine, and various taurine conjugates in the intestine. Furthermore, we demonstrated that carbohydrate restriction and protein restriction, to a smaller extent, mirror the impact of CR in terms of hepatic production of bile acids but not their secretion.

A comprehensive review of processing, functionality, and potential applications of lentil proteins in the food industry.

There is a pressing need for sustainable sources of proteins to address the escalating food demands of the expanding global population, without damaging the environment. Lentil proteins offer a more sustainable alternative to animal-derived proteins (such as those from meat, fish, eggs, or milk). They are abundant, affordable, protein rich, nutritious, and functional, which makes them highly appealing as ingredients in the food, personal care, cosmetics, pharmaceutical and other industries.

The beneficial impact of ketogenic diets on chemically-induced colitis in mice depends on the diet's lipid composition.

Previously, we showed that restrictive diets, including ketogenic diet (KD), have an anti-inflammatory impact on the healthy gastrointestinal tract of mice. Afterward, we found that energy-restricting diets mitigate inflammation in the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis mouse model. The current study aimed to verify the impact of KD on DSS colitis and assess if the diet's fat composition influences the outcomes of the intervention.

Gut microbiota, dietary taurine, and fiber shift taurine homeostasis in adipose tissue of calorie-restricted mice to impact fat loss.

Previously, we demonstrated that caloric restriction (CR) stimulates the synthesis, conjugation, secretion, and deconjugation of taurine and bile acids in the intestine, as well as their reuptake. Given taurine's potent antiobesogenic properties, this study aimed to assess whether the CR-induced shift in taurine homeostasis contributes to adipose tissue loss. To verify that, male C57Bl/6 mice were subjected to 20% CR or ad libitum feeding, with variations in cage bedding and gut microbiota conditions.

Microalgae as a New Source of Oxylipins: A Comprehensive LC-MS-Based Analysis Using Conventional and Green Extraction Methods.

Microalgae are promising sources of essential lipids, including omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 and n-6 PUFA) and novel lipid metabolites like oxylipins. However, limited data exist on the oxylipin profile, its characterization, and the potential impact of the extraction process on these metabolites in microalgae. Thus, our study aimed to investigate the fatty acid and oxylipin profile of four microalgal species of interest (, , , and ) while also examining the impact of the extraction method, with a focus on developing a greener process using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and ethanol.

Comprehensive analysis of oxidative stability and nutritional values of germinated linseed and sunflower seed oil.

Germination of seeds is known to affect the nutritional composition of cold-pressed oils. This study focused on the effects of germination on the antioxidants and oxidative stability of linseed and sunflower seed oil. As hypothesized, germination led to increased antioxidant activities and tocopherol, chlorophyll and carotenoid content.

Impact of Plant-Based Dietary Fibers on Metabolic Homeostasis in High-Fat Diet Mice via Alterations in the Gut Microbiota and Metabolites.

Background: The gut microbiota contributes to metabolic disease, and diet shapes the gut microbiota, emphasizing the need to better understand how diet impacts metabolic disease via gut microbiota alterations. Fiber intake is linked with improvements in metabolic homeostasis in rodents and humans, which is associated with changes in the gut microbiota. However, dietary fiber is extremely heterogeneous, and it is imperative to comprehensively analyze the impact of various plant-based fibers on metabolic homeostasis in an identical setting and compare the impact of alterations in the gut microbiota and bacterially derived metabolites from different fiber sources.

Vegetable oils: Classification, quality analysis, nutritional value and lipidomics applications.

Lipids are widespread in nature and play a pivotal role as a source of energy and nutrition for the human body. Vegetable oils (VOs) constitute a significant category in the food industry, containing various lipid components that have garnered attention for being natural, environmentally friendly and health-promoting. The review presented the classification of raw materials (RMs) from oil crops and quality analysis techniques of VOs, with the aim of improving comprehension and facilitating in-depth research of VOs.

Restrictive diets have a beneficial impact on dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in male mice.

Background: Previously, we assessed the impact of restrictive diets, including caloric restriction (CR), intermittent fasting (IF), or fasting-mimicking diet (FMD), on a healthy gastrointestinal tract. We revealed that each of the diets shows anti-inflammatory outcomes.

Objective: The current study aimed to verify the diets' applicability in treating colitis.

Cr(II) and Cr(III) NCN pincer complexes: synthesis, structure, and catalytic reactivity.

Unlabelled: The synthesis, characterization, and reactivity of several new Cr(II) and Cr(III) complexes featuring an NCN pincer ligand with an arene backbone connected to amine donors NEt and NPr via CH-linkers is described. Reacting the in situ lithiated ligand precursor N(C-Br)N-Et with [CrCl(THF)] resulted in the formation of the Cr(III) complex -[Cr(κ-NCN-Et)(Cl)(THF)]. Upon reaction of lithiated N(C-Br)N-Pr with a suspension of anhydrous CrCl, the Cr(II) complex [Cr(κ-NCN-Pr)] is formed featuring two NCN ligands bound in κ-fashion.

Energy and macronutrient restriction regulate bile acid homeostasis.

As we reported previously, caloric restriction (CR) results in an increased concentration of bile acids (BA) in the intestinal mucosa. We now investigated the background of this phenotype, trying to identify nutrition-related factors modulating BA levels. Male mice were submitted to various types of restrictive diets and BA levels and expression of associated factors were measured.

Identification of the Constituent Brusatol as a EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor in a Cell-Free Assay.

Inhibitors of the tyrosine kinase (TK) activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are routinely used in cancer therapy. However, there is a need to discover a new TK inhibitor. This study evaluated extracts from and its components for their potential as novel EGFR-TK inhibitors.

Biosynthetic flexibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa leads to hydroxylated 2-alkylquinolones with proinflammatory host response.

The human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces various 4(1H)-quinolones with diverse functions. Among these, 2-nonyl-4(1H)-quinolone (NQ) and its N-oxide (NQNO) belong to the main metabolites. Their biosynthesis involves substrates from the fatty acid metabolism and we hypothesized that oxidized fatty acids could be responsible for a so far undetected class of metabolites.

Mechanisms of lipid oxidation in water-in-oil emulsions and oxidomics-guided discovery of targeted protective approaches.

Lipid oxidation is an inevitable event during the processing, storage, and even consumption of lipid-containing food, which may cause adverse effects on both food quality and human health. Water-in-oil (W/O) food emulsions contain a high content of lipids and small water droplets, which renders them vulnerable to lipid oxidation. The present review provides comprehensive insights into the lipid oxidation of W/O food emulsions.

No Transition Metals Required - Oxygen Promoted Synthesis of Imines from Primary Alcohols and Amines under Ambient Conditions.

The synthesis of imines denotes a cornerstone in organic chemistry. The use of alcohols as renewable substituents for carbonyl-functionality represents an attractive opportunity. Consequently, carbonyl moieties can be in situ generated from alcohols upon transition-metal catalysis under inert atmosphere.

Effect of Encapsulation Material on Lipid Bioaccessibility and Oxidation during In Vitro Digestion of Black Seed Oil.

Different encapsulation materials might not only affect lipid hydrolysis but also lipid oxidation during in vitro digestion. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of two commonly used shell materials, starch and gelatin, on the extent of lipolysis and bioaccessibility of the main and some minor lipid compounds, as well as on the oxidative status in encapsulated black seed oil () during in vitro digestion. The study was carried out using H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography-UV.

Evaluation of spray-dried eggs as a micronutrient-rich nutritional supplement.

Regular consumption of hen eggs can help to prevent deficiencies of essential nutrients, such as essential amino acids, vitamin A and E or trace elements zinc and selenium, for vulnerable populations. This study focused on assessing the nutritional value of spray-dried eggs, favored by their manufacturability, storability and ease of addition to (complementary) foods. Using a wide range of analytical techniques, we recorded and compared the nutrient profiles of commercially produced pasteurized whole eggs and their respective powder samples spray-dried at 160°C.

Research Progress of Food-Grade High Internal Phase Pickering Emulsions and Their Application in 3D Printing.

High internal phase Pickering emulsion (HIPPE) is a type of emulsion stabilized by solid particles irreversibly adsorbed on an interfacial film, and the volume fraction of the dispersed phase () is larger than the maximum packing volume fraction (). Proteins, polysaccharides, and their composite particles can be used as good particle stabilizers. The contact angle can most intuitively demonstrate the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the particles and also determines the type of emulsions (O/W or W/O type).

Effect of Hydrothermal Cooking Combined with High-Pressure Homogenization and Enzymatic Hydrolysis on the Solubility and Stability of Peanut Protein at Low pH.

A novel method combining high-pressure homogenization with enzymatic hydrolysis and hydrothermal cooking (HTC) was applied in this study to modify the structure of peanut protein, thus improving its physicochemical properties. Results showed that after combined modification, the solubility of peanut protein at a pH range of 2-10 was significantly improved. Moreover, the Turbiscan stability index of modified protein in the acidic solution was significantly decreased, indicating its excellent stability in low pH.

Pre-Operative Assessment of Micronutrients, Amino Acids, Phospholipids and Oxidative Stress in Bariatric Surgery Candidates.

Obesity has been linked to lower concentrations of fat-soluble micronutrients and higher concentrations of oxidative stress markers as well as an altered metabolism of branched chain amino acids and phospholipids. In the context of morbid obesity, the aim of this study was to investigate whether and to which extent plasma status of micronutrients, amino acids, phospholipids and oxidative stress differs between morbidly obese (n = 23) and non-obese patients (n = 13). In addition to plasma, malondialdehyde, retinol, cholesterol and triglycerides were assessed in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue in both groups.

Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt NCN Pincer Complexes.

A series of cobalt complexes, stabilized by a monoanionic tridentate NCN pincer ligand, was synthetized and characterized. Preparation of the paramagnetic 15 VE complex [Co(NCN-Et)Br] () was accomplished by transmetalation of Li[2,6-(EtNCH)CH] with CoBr in THF. Treatment of this air-sensitive compound with NO gas resulted in the formation of the diamagnetic Co(III) species [Co(NCN-Et)(NO)Br] () as confirmed by X-ray diffraction.

Microbial contribution to the caloric restriction-triggered regulation of the intestinal levels of glutathione transferases, taurine, and bile acid.

Recently we showed that caloric restriction (CR) triggers an increase in the levels of free taurine, taurine-conjugated bile acids (BA), and other taurine conjugates in intestinal mucosa while decreasing glutathione (GSH) levels in wild-type male mice. In the current project, we decided to investigate whether the microbiota is involved in the response to CR by depleting gut bacteria. The antibiotics treatment diminished CR-specific increase in the levels of free taurine and its conjugates as well as upregulated expression and activity of GSH transferases (GST) in the intestinal mucosa.