National estimates of nonurgent emergency department utilization for sportsrelated injuries in high school-age population.

Context: Athletic trainers (ATs) can manage nonurgent, musculoskeletal emergency department (ED) visits. Little is known about what populations are most likely to use the ED for nonurgent, sports-related musculoskeletal injuries.

Objectives: Our object is to provide national-level evidence on whether high-school age population with public insurance or lower socioeconomic status were more likely to have ED visits for nonurgent injuries.

Differential influence of quadriceps rate of torque development on single- and double-leg landing mechanics in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed and control females.

Purpose: The capacity to explosively contract quadriceps within the critical timeframe associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, quantified by the rate of torque development, is potentially essential for safe landing mechanics. This study aimed to investigate the influence of explosive quadriceps strength on ACL-related sagittal-plane landing mechanics in females with and without ACL reconstruction (ACLR).

Methods: Quadriceps explosive strength and landing mechanics were assessed in 19 ACLR and 19 control females during isometric contractions and double- and single-leg jump landings.

Does prior concussion lead to biomechanical alterations associated with lateral ankle sprain and anterior cruciate ligament injury? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To determine whether individuals with a prior concussion exhibit biomechanical alterations in balance, gait and jump-landing tasks with and without cognitive demands that are associated with risk of lateral ankle sprain (LAS) and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Five electronic databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, SPORTDiscus and CiNAHL) were searched in April 2023.

Deceleration Profiles Between the Penultimate and Final Steps of Planned and Reactive Side-Step Cutting.

Context: Noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury often occurs during rapid deceleration and change-of-direction maneuvers. These activities require an athlete to generate braking forces to slow down the center of mass and change direction in a dynamic environment. During preplanned cutting, athletes can use the penultimate step for braking before changing direction, resulting in less braking demand during the final step.

Single-Legged Triple-Hop Propulsion Strategies in Females With and Those Without a History of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Context: The single-legged triple hop is a commonly used functional task after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Recently, researchers have suggested that individuals may use a compensatory propulsion strategy to mask underlying quadriceps dysfunction and achieve symmetric hop performance.

Objective: To evaluate the performance and propulsion strategies used by females with and those without ACLR during a single-legged triple hop.

Biomechanical demands of exercises commonly performed by older adults in falls prevention programs.

Background: Tailored, challenging and progressed exercise programs addressing risk factors are recommended for preventing falls in community-dwelling older adults. Knowing the biomechanical demands of exercises commonly performed in efficacious falls prevention programs provides evidence for exercise prescription.

Methods: Twenty-one non-sedentary older adults (10 men, 11 women, mean age 69 [SD 5] years) performed five standing exercises (hip abduction, side-step, squat, forward lunge, and side lunge).

Pac-12 Health Analytics Program: An Innovative Approach to Health Care Operations, Data Analytics, and Clinical Research in Intercollegiate Athletics.

The objective of this study was to describe the purpose, methods, and effects of the Pac-12 Health Analytics Program (HAP) approach on sports medicine informatics, research, analytics, and health care operations. Sports injury-surveillance initiatives have been supporting the clinical research community in sports medicine for nearly 4 decades. Whereas the initial systems tracked only a few sports, current surveillance programs have expanded to include entire professional and elite athlete organizations, providing important statistics on sports injury risk management.

The Effect of a Statewide Policy on High School Emergency Action Plans.

Institutions sponsoring athletics must be prepared for emergencies. Due to this, more governing bodies are requiring a sports-related emergency action plan (EAP). Yet, the effects of these policies are unknown.

Single-Legged Triple-Hop Propulsion Strategies in Females With and Those Without a History of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Context: The single-legged triple hop is a commonly used functional task after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Recently, researchers have suggested that individuals may use a compensatory propulsion strategy to mask underlying quadriceps dysfunction and achieve symmetric hop performance.

Objective: To evaluate the performance and propulsion strategies used by females with and those without ACLR during a single-legged triple hop.

Explosive Quadriceps Strength Symmetry and Landing Mechanics Limb Symmetry After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Females.

Context: Emerging evidence suggests that a lower quadriceps rate of torque development (RTD) after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) may be associated with altered landing mechanics. However, the influence of quadriceps RTD magnitude and limb symmetry on landing mechanics limb symmetry remains unknown.

Objective: To assess the influence of quadriceps RTD magnitude and limb symmetry on limb symmetry in sagittal-plane landing mechanics during functional landing tasks in females with or without ACLR.

Greater explosive quadriceps strength is associated with greater knee flexion at initial contact during landing in females.

This study investigated the influences of explosive quadriceps strength and landing task on sagittal plane knee biomechanics. Forty female participants performed isometric knee extensions on a dynamometer and had lower extremity biomechanics assessed during double-leg jump-landings (DLJL) and single-leg jump-cuts (SLJC). Explosive quadriceps strength was quantified by calculating rate of torque development (RTD) between torque onset and 100 ms after onset on a dynamometer.

Explosive Quadriceps Strength and Landing Mechanics in Females with and without Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Lower explosive quadriceps strength, quantified as rate of torque development (RTD), may contribute to landing mechanics associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk. However, the association between quadriceps RTD and landing mechanics during high demand tasks remains unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the influence of quadriceps RTD on sagittal plane landing mechanics during double-leg jump landings (DLJL) and single-leg jump cuts (SLJC) in females with and without ACL reconstruction (ACLR).

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed females who pass or fail a functional test battery do not exhibit differences in knee joint landing biomechanics asymmetry before and after exercise.

Purpose: A functional test battery (FTB) has been proposed to evaluate the readiness of return to activity after ACLR. However, there is limited evidence documenting the usefulness of an FTB. Therefore, the purpose of the current investigation was to compare knee joint landing biomechanics asymmetry during double-leg jump landing (DLJL) and single-leg jump cutting (SLJC) between healthy females and ACLR females who pass (ACLR-pass) or fail (ACLR-fail) an FTB before and after the completion of a sustained exercise protocol.

A Majority of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries Can Be Prevented by Injury Prevention Programs: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trials With Meta-analysis.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury prevention programs (IPPs) are generally accepted as being valuable for reducing injury risk. However, significant methodological limitations of previous meta-analyses raise questions about the efficacy of these programs and the extent to which meeting current best-practice ACL IPP recommendations influences the protective effect of these programs.

Purpose: To (1) estimate the protective effect of ACL IPPs while controlling for common methodological limitations of previous meta-analyses and (2) systematically categorize IPP components and factors related to IPP delivery to assess the validity of current best-practice IPP recommendations.

The impact of high school athletic trainer services on medical payments and utilizations: a microsimulation analysis on medical claims.

Background: Increasing athletic trainer (AT) services in high schools has attracted widespread interest across the nation as an effective instrument to manage injuries and improve children's health, but there is a lack of evidence on potential medical savings. Our study aimed to address this knowledge gap and provide evidence of AT impacts on medical payments and utilizations to inform public policy decision.

Methods: We obtained medical claims of patients aged 14 to 18 years from the 2011-2014 Oregon All Payer All Claims limited dataset.

Landing biomechanics in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed females who pass or fail a functional test battery.

Background: A functional test battery (FTB) has been proposed to determine return to full activity following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). However, there is little biomechanical evidence of FTB usefulness. The purpose of this study was to compare knee joint landing and cutting biomechanics between ACLR patients who passed (ACLR-Pass), failed (ACLR-Fail), and healthy females (Healthy) before and after exercise.

Cost-Benefit of Hiring Athletic Trainers in Oregon High Schools From 2011-2014.

Context: Hiring athletic trainers (ATs) in high schools may lower medical payments by third-party payers such as Medicaid or commercial insurers by reducing injury risks or may increase medical payments due to more referrals to other health care providers. To date, evidence is lacking on the actual financial effect of high school ATs based on an analysis of medical claims.

Objective: To assess the overall cost-benefit of hiring ATs in Oregon high schools based on medical claims data across years.

Influence of Maximal Running Shoes on Biomechanics Before and After a 5K Run.

Background: Lower extremity injuries are common among runners. Recent trends in footwear have included minimal and maximal running shoe types. Maximal running shoes are unique because they provide the runner with a highly cushioned midsole in both the rearfoot and forefoot.

A biomechanical comparison of dominant and non-dominant limbs during a side-step cutting task.

Numerous studies have investigated anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk by examining gender differences in knee and hip biomechanics during a side-step cutting manoeuvre since it is known that ACL injury often occurs during such a task. Recent investigations have also examined lower extremity (LE) biomechanics during side-step cutting in individuals following ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Common research practice is to compare knee and hip biomechanics of the dominant limb between groups but this can add considerable complexity for clinicians and researchers.

Correction to: Estrogen and muscle stiffness have a negative relationship in females.

In the original publication the name of the fourth reviewer was incorrectly published.

The Hoffmann reflex is different in men and women.

To compare the maximum Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex) and the maximum M-wave (H : M) ratio of the H-reflex in men and women when all participants showed similar saliva levels of estradiol and progesterone. This is a cohort design study involving healthy men and women with a mean age of 22.4±3.

Kinematic and neuromuscular relationships between lower extremity clinical movement assessments.

Lower extremity injuries have immediate and long-term consequences. Lower extremity movement assessments can assist with identifying individuals at greater injury risk and guide injury prevention interventions. Movement assessments identify similar movement characteristics and evidence suggests large magnitude kinematic relationships exist between movement patterns observed across assessments; however, the magnitude of the relationships for electromyographic (EMG) measures across movement assessments remains largely unknown.