Posterior vitreous detachment rates post-uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery: a systematic review.

Purpose: It is commonly accepted that phacoemulsification surgery is a risk factor for the development of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and may accelerate the process. This is an important consideration particularly in cases involving young patients who pre-operatively have no PVD, given the increased risk of retinal tears and detachments.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify studies reporting incidence of PVD post-uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery.

Ultrathin Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty (UT-DSAEK) versus Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK)-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background/objectives: Endothelial keratoplasty (EK) is a commonly performed transplant procedure used in the treatment of corneal endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the differences in visual acuity outcomes, endothelial cell density (ECD) and complications between two forms of EK, ultrathin Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (UT-DSAEK) and Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

Methods: A literature search of MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library was conducted to identify studies reporting comparative results of UT-DSAEK versus DMEK.

Changing trends in corneal transplantation: a national review of current practices in the Republic of Ireland.

Background: First Irish National Corneal Transplant Registry report.

Aim: To report about current corneal transplantation practices in Ireland including patient demographics, indications and types of transplant performed and to compare the findings with other developed countries.

Methods: Nationwide retrospective review of the corneal transplants performed in Ireland between 2016 and 2019.

Twelve-month follow-up of the Artiflex toric phakic intraocular lens.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, refractive predictability, and complications 12 months following the implantation of a foldable toric phakic intraocular lens (PIOL) for the correction of myopic astigmatism.

Methods: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), subjective and objective manifest refraction, endothelial cell count (ECC), intraocular pressure, biomicroscopy findings, and patient-reported symptoms were the main parameters recorded pre and post the implantation of an Artiflex toric PIOL.

Results: Twenty-eight eyes of 19 patients with preoperative myopia ranging from -1.

Excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy for low to moderate myopia using a 5.0 mm treatment zone and no transitional zone: 16-year follow-up.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) 16 years postoperatively.

Setting: Refractive Laser Suite, Mater Private Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.

Design: Cohort study.

Age-dependent rat retinal ganglion cell susceptibility to apoptotic stimuli: implications for glaucoma.

Background: This paper seeks to investigate differences between the neonatal and adult retinal ganglion cell populations to apoptotic death stimuli. DESIGN AND SAMPLES: In vitro and ex vivo paradigms involving P6 and P60 Sprague-Dawley rat retinal explants and retinal ganglion cells were employed.

Methods:  Postnatal day 6 (P6) and 60 (P60) Sprague-Dawley retinal ganglion cells and retinal explants were either serum starved or subjected to excitotoxicity using calcium ionophore A23187.

Surgical management of heavy eye phenomenon.

Heavy eye phenomenon can be cosmetically unaccepted due to significant pseudoproptosis and hypotropia. We highlight the salient features of this condition, and report successful cosmetic outcome following a staged procedure comprising orbital decompression and horizontal recti surgery.

Worldwide geographical distribution of ophthalmology publications.

International peer-reviewed publications form the basis of evidence-based medicine and are one of the main indicators of ophthalmology research activity. This paper examines the origins of such articles in relation to geographical location, population demographics and economic research profiles. Publications from five ophthalmology journals over 5 years were analysed using the Medline/Pubmed search engine.

A key role for calpains in retinal ganglion cell death.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the importance of calpains in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) apoptosis and the protection afforded by calpain inhibitors against cell death.

Methods: Two different models of RGC apoptosis were used, namely the RGC-5 cell line after either intracellular calcium influx or serum withdrawal and retinal explant culture involving optic nerve axotomy. Flow cytometry analysis with Annexin V/PI staining was used to identify RGC-5 cells undergoing apoptosis after treatment.