Comparing outcomes of psychiatric rehabilitation between ethnic-religious groups in Israel.

Psychiatric rehabilitation for people with severe mental illness (SMI) has many documented benefits, but less is known about cultural related aspects. To date, no comparison of psychiatric rehabilitation outcomes between Israeli Jews and Israeli Arabs has been carried out. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to compare the outcome measures of Israeli Arabs and Israeli Jews consuming psychiatric rehabilitation services.

Momentary stress-induced food craving: An ecological momentary assessment study comparing perceived interpersonal and non-interpersonal stressors.

Daily-life stressors and food cravings are dynamic and vary within and across persons. Some evidence suggests interpersonal stressors increase appetite. However, little is known about the association of food craving with different types of stressors at the momentary level in the general population.

Risks for re-hospitalization of persons with severe mental illness living in rehabilitation care settings.

Background: The high rates of psychiatric re-hospitalizations (also termed "revolving door") presents a "wicked problem" which requires a systematic and holistic approach to its resolution. Israel's mental-health rehabilitation law provides a comprehensive set of services intended to support the ability of persons with severe mental illness to rely on community rather than in-patient facilities for their ongoing care needs. Guided by the Health Behavior Model, we examined the relationship between psychiatric re-hospitalizations and the three Health Behavior Model factors (predisposing factor: socio-demographic characteristics and health beliefs; enabling factor: personal and social/vocational relationships facilitated by rehabilitation interventions and services; and need factor: outcomes including symptoms, and mental health and functional status) among persons with severe mental illness receiving rehabilitation services.

Trauma history predicts depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms better than a psychiatric diagnosis: Comparing wartime, routine time, and early COVID-19 in Israel.

Individuals with a psychiatric diagnosis and those with a history of trauma are at high risk for depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) following exposure to new traumatic events. Nevertheless, research is scarce on how having both a psychiatric diagnosis and a trauma history affect reactions to new traumatic events, and how different trauma types may affect individuals with a psychiatric diagnosis. We thus examined whether different stressful contexts (War and COVID-19) affected individuals with and without a psychiatric diagnosis differentially and whether results might be explained by prior trauma exposure.

Perceived stress during COVID-19: Community resilience three years before the pandemic as a protective factor.

Research indicates that stress increased across the globe after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Community resilience has been suggested as a central protective factor for stress related to disasters and emergency crises. This study examined the contribution of community resilience reported three years prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, together with related worries and personal risk factors, to perceived stress among Israeli adults following the first wave of COVID-19 in Israel.

Gender differences in quality of life and the course of schizophrenia: national study.

Background: Evidence from various sources suggests that females with schizophrenia tend to report lower quality of life than males with schizophrenia despite having a less severe course of the disorder. However, studies have not examined this directly.

Aims: To examine gender differences in the association between quality of life and the risk of subsequent psychiatric hospital admissions in a national sample with schizophrenia.

Risk factors for depression and anxiety during COVID-19 in Israel: A two-wave study before and during the pandemic.

Research indicates that mental health problems increased across the globe after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is a need for research examining specific risk factors for mental health problems, while accounting for symptoms before the pandemic. This study examined risk factors for depression and anxiety symptoms among Israeli adults following the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel, above and beyond depression and anxiety symptoms reported 3 years before the pandemic.

Theory of Planned Behavior: Exploring the Use of Digital Mental Health Interventions in Israel.

Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), this study aimed to examine factors influencing therapist uptake of digital mental health interventions in Israel. Two hundred twenty-nine mental health professionals recruited through a convenience sample completed a background and demographic questionnaire, as well as the TPB-based electronic-therapy attitudes and process questionnaire. Regressions were used to examine the contribution of attitudes, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, and behavioral intentions.

The memory-experience gap for PTSD symptoms: The correspondence between experience sampling and past month retrospective reports of traumatic stress symptoms.

Posttraumatic stress disorder assessments typically require individuals to provide an aggregate report on the frequency or severity of symptoms they have experienced over a particular time period. Yet retrospective aggregate assessments are susceptible to memory recall and retrieval difficulties. This study examined the correspondence between a month of real-time experience sampling methodology (ESM) reports of traumatic stress symptoms and a retrospective assessment of past-month traumatic stress symptoms for that same period.

Stress Coping Strategies, Burnout, Secondary Traumatic Stress, and Compassion Satisfaction Amongst Israeli Dentists: A Cross-sectional Study.

Objective: Being a member of the dental profession is often associated with stress and high levels of burnout. Stress coping strategies may significantly help mediate burnout. The present cross-sectional study sought to examine the role of stress coping strategies on burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion satisfaction amongst Israeli dentists.

Do positive and negative emotional reactions during war predict subsequent symptomatology? A prospective experience sampling study.

While peritraumatic negative emotions have been associated with subsequent posttraumatic stress and depression, the predictive role of real-time emotional reactions to specific stressors during prolonged stress exposure is still unclear, particularly that of positive emotions. The current study uses experience sampling methodology to examine individual general levels of negative and positive emotions, and emotional reactivity to specific stressors during war, as prospective predictors of posttraumatic stress and depression. Ninety-six civilians exposed to rocket fire during the 2014 Israel-Gaza war reported exposure to rocket warning sirens and levels of ten negative and six positive emotions twice a day for 30 days.

Ethnic group and social support contribution to posttraumatic growth after sudden spousal loss among Jewish, Muslim, and Druze widows in Israel.

This study aimed to examine the contribution of ethnic group status and social support to posttraumatic growth (PTG) among widows after sudden spousal loss. Participants included 184 widows from three ethnic groups: 59 (32.3%) Jewish, 58 (31.

Quality of life of immigrants and nonimmigrants in psychiatric rehabilitation.

This study examined whether personal characteristics of consumers with serious mental illness (SMI), including being an immigrant, explained the lack of concordance in quality-of-life (QOL) ratings reported by consumers versus those reported by staff caring for consumers. In a sample of consumers with SMI ( = 4,956), including nonimmigrants and immigrants from Ethiopia and countries comprising the former Soviet Union (FSU), we examined consumer-reported and staff-reported QOL ratings. Regression models measured the contributions of covariates to QOL ratings made by both groups.

Posttraumatic growth: A deceptive illusion or a coping pattern that facilitates functioning?

Objective: Several studies have raised doubts about the effectiveness of posttraumatic growth (PTG) as a mechanism that promotes functioning. This study explored this issue in several directions: First, it examined whether functioning is negatively associated with posttraumatic symptoms (PTS), dissociation, and depression. Second, it determined whether PTG is positively associated with functioning.

Emotional reactivity to war stressors: An experience sampling study in people with and without different psychiatric diagnoses.

There is a lack of knowledge regarding real-time emotional reactivity to high-intensity stressors, particularly in people with mental illness, a potentially vulnerable population. The current study aimed to examine negative emotional reactions to recurring high-intensity stressors within a continuous war situation, in people with different psychiatric diagnosis types. Experience sampling method was used to examine emotional reactions among 143 civilians exposed to rockets during the 2014 Israel-Gaza war, of them 18.

Prospectively identifying adults with serious mental illness at risk for poor physical health: The role of person reported outcomes.

Objective: Persons with serious mental illnesses are at increased risk for co-occurring physical comorbidities. Patient-reported outcome measures are increasingly used in routine assessments of persons with serious mental illnesses, yet the relation of patient-reported outcome measures to physical health outcomes has not been comprehensively investigated. We examined the association between patient-reported outcome measures and self-reported physical health at 1-year follow-up.

Comparing outcome measures of persons with severe mental illness in vocational rehabilitation programs: a dual perspective of consumers and providers.

Objective: Vocational rehabilitation for people with severe mental illness (SMI) has many benefits. Among the existing models, supported employment has consistently shown to have better impact on vocational outcomes while the findings on non-vocational outcomes are inconsistent. One source of variation with regard to non-vocational outcomes could be related to differences between consumers' self-reports and the providers' point of view.

A systematic review of patient-reported outcome measurement (PROM) and provider assessment in mental health: goals, implementation, setting, measurement characteristics and barriers.

Purpose: To review and integrate the literature on mental-health-related patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and routine outcome measures (ROMs), namely in the domains of goals, characteristics, implementation, settings, measurements and barriers. PROM/ROM aims mainly to ascertain treatment impact in routine clinical practice through systematic service users' health assessment using standardized self-report, caretaker and/or provider assessment.

Data Sources: Psych INFO and PubMed including Medline, Biomed Central, EMBASE Psychiatry and Elsevier Science's Direct.

Does sense of threat in civilians during an armed conflict predict subsequent depression symptoms?

Objective: We aimed to assess whether peritraumatic threat experienced during a period of armed conflict predicted subsequent depression symptoms.

Method: Ninety-six Israeli civilians provided real-time reports of exposure to rocket warning sirens and subjective sense of threat, twice daily for 30 days, during the 2014 Israel-Gaza conflict. Depression symptoms were reported 2 months after the conflict.

Prospective examination of daily life traumatic stress symptom expression following motor vehicle collisions.

Objective: Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) are a common source of traumatic stress, which could lead to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder. However, the natural course of symptom development is still poorly understood. The current study aimed to prospectively examine the expression of traumatic stress symptoms in mild-moderate injured MVC survivors, using a novel daily life repeated measurement approach.

Do posttraumatic stress symptoms mediate the relationship between peritraumatic threat and posttraumatic growth? A prospective experience sampling study.

The current study examined whether peritraumatic threat predicted posttraumatic growth (PTG), and whether the relationship between peritraumatic threat and PTG was mediated by post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms. A prospective experience sampling study. Methods: 96 Israeli civilians provided smartphone reports of their rocket warning siren exposure and peritraumatic threat, twice daily for 30 days, during the 2014 Israel-Gaza conflict.

Patient-reported outcome measurements (PROMs) and provider assessment in mental health: a systematic review of the context of implementation.

Purpose: To review and integrate the vast amount of literature yielded by recent growing interest in patient-reported outcome measurement and routine outcome measures (PROMs/ROMs), in order to suggest options and improvements for implementation. PROMs are the systematic assessment of service users' health using standardized self-report measures. Specifically, for ROMs, it includes routine provider or caretaker assessment measures.

Burnout and professional quality of life among Israeli dentists: the role of sensory processing sensitivity.

Aim: Dentistry is a stressful and exhausting profession with high levels of burnout. Sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) is a basic personality trait characterised by a gradient of sensitivity to both internal and external stimuli, including social and emotional cues. In this study, the influence of SPS on burnout and professional quality of life among Israeli dentists was analysed.

Dynamic Network Analysis of Negative Emotions and DSM-5 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Clusters During Conflict.

Investigating dynamic associations between specific negative emotions and PTSD symptom clusters may provide novel insights into the ways in which PTSD symptoms interact with, emerge from, or are reinforced by negative emotions. The present study estimated the associations among negative emotions and the four DSM-5 PTSD symptom clusters (intrusions, avoidance, negative alterations in cognitions and mood [NACM], and arousal) in a sample of Israeli civilians (n = 96) during the Israel-Gaza War of July-August 2014. Data were collected using experience sampling methodology, with participants queried via smartphone about PTSD symptoms and negative emotions twice a day for 30 days.

Posttraumatic growth in psychosis: Challenges to the assumptive world.

Objective: Research has shown high rates of exposure to trauma among people with serious mental illness (SMI). In addition, studies suggest that psychosis and mental illness-related experiences can be extremely traumatic and may lead to significant symptomatology. Indeed, overwhelming traumatic experiences may shatter people's core beliefs about themselves, the world, and others.