Ethinylestradiol and testosterone have divergent effects on circulating IGF system components in adolescents with constitutional tall stature.

Objective: Pharmacological doses of estrogens or testosterone are used to limit the final height of girls or boys with constitutional tall stature but the mechanism behind this growth inhibition is still debated. We therefore studied the changes in the circulating components of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system during high dose sex steroid therapy.

Design And Methods: Twenty three girls and twenty boys with constitutional tall stature were treated with 100 microg ethinylestradiol per day or 250 mg testosterone ester every 14 days respectively.

A nonmosaic 45,X karyotype in a mother with Turner's syndrome and in her daughter.

Objective: To describe a woman with a nonmosaic (45,X) form of Turner's syndrome who gave birth to a girl with 45,X Turner syndrome.

Design: Patient report.

Setting: Outpatient clinic of a university hospital.

Effects of age, sex, and disorder on voice range profile characteristics of 230 children.

In this study, the effect of age, sex, and disorder on the vocal performance of 230 children 6 to 11 years of age was investigated by means of the voice range profile (VRP). Ninety-four control children and 136 children with disorders were studied. The VRPs were quantitatively described by frequency and intensity characteristics, as well as by morphological characteristics.

Growth and ovarian function in girls with 48,XXXX karyotype--patient report and review of the literature.

The loss of an X chromosome results in short stature and often in primary ovarian failure, but the effect of extra X chromosomes is less clear, especially in 48,XXXX women. We report a girl with a 48,XXXX karyotype with tall stature (181.8 cm), primary ovarian failure and low DHEAS levels.

QTc interval prolongation and QTc dispersion in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Objectives: To evaluate whether QT interval, QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc), and QTc dispersion changes are already present in children and adolescents with diabetes.

Study Design: QT interval, QTc, and QTc dispersion were measured on a 12-lead surface electrocardiogram in 60 children and adolescents with stable type 1 diabetes and in 63 sex- and age-matched control subjects. Differences were evaluated by using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z test.

IGF-I, IGF-II, 'free' IGF-I and IGF-binding proteins-2 to -6 during high-dose oestrogen treatment in constitutionally tall girls.

Objective: To investigate the effect of high-dose oestrogen treatment on IGF-I, IGF-II, free-dissociable IGF-I and the IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP)-2 to -6 in girls with constitutional tall stature.

Methods: In patient cohort 1, blood samples were drawn before and after 3 months of daily oral treatment with 0.1 mg ethinyloestradiol.

The incidence of type 1 diabetes in the age group 0-39 years has not increased in Antwerp (Belgium) between 1989 and 2000: evidence for earlier disease manifestation.

Objective: A worldwide increase in the incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes has been observed. Because in various countries the majority of new type 1 diabetic patients are diagnosed in adulthood, we investigated whether the rising incidence of this disorder in children reflects a global increase in the incidence of diabetes or a shift toward earlier clinical presentation.

Research Design And Methods: The incidence of type 1 diabetes presenting before age 40 years was prospectively measured in the Antwerp district over a 12-year period (1989-2000).