Social support, neurocognition, and posttraumatic stress disorder: Findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Objective: Most research investigating neurocognitive changes in participants with PTSD has focused on young adults. Numerous studies have recognized the crucial role of social support in diminishing the likelihood of developing PTSD. The current study evaluates the cognitive performance of middle-aged and older adults with symptoms of PTSD, and examines if perceived social support can act as a cognitive reserve factor.

Cognitive dysfunction after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Rate of impairment and clinical predictors.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rate and domains of cognitive impairment in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors, as compared to patients who experienced a myocardial infarction (MI), and to explore mechanisms and predictors of this impairment.

Methods And Results: OHCA survivors with "good" neurological recovery (i.e.

Social Support Buffers Against Cognitive Decline in Single Mild Traumatic Brain Injury With Loss of Consciousness: Results From the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Objectives: We investigated rates of cognitive decline at 3-year follow-up from initial examination in people reporting mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) with loss of consciousness (LOC) more than a year prior to initial examination. We examined the role of social support as predictor of preserved cognitive function in this sample.

Method: Analyses were conducted on 440 participants who had self-reported LOC of <1 min, 350 with LOC of 1-20 min, and 10,712 healthy controls, taken from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA), a nationwide study on health and aging.

Long-term cognitive impairment following single mild traumatic brain injury with loss of consciousness: Findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

: We examined the extent to which loss of consciousness (LOC) following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) may be associated with impairments in executive functions and declarative memory more than a year after brain injury.: Analyses were run on 548 participants who had self-reported LOC of <1 min, 441 with LOC of 1-20 min, and 13,609 no brain injury comparison participants, taken from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA), a nationwide study on health and aging.: Those that had mTBI with LOC of 1-20 min were more likely than no head injury comparisons to be impaired on measures of executive functioning and declarative memory.

Social support and unsupportive interactions in relation to depressive symptoms: Implication of gender and the BDNF polymorphism.

Reduced levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), through its role in neurogenesis and neuroplasticity, may be involved in the evolution and maintenance of depression. Depression has also been tied to fewer social relationships, which can vary by gender. Thus, we assessed whether the functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on the BDNF gene, Val66Met, moderated the relationship between depressive symptoms and perceived social support and unsupportive relationships, and whether these associations differed by gender.

Long-term prospective memory impairment following mild traumatic brain injury with loss of consciousness: findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Objective: We aimed to examine the extent to which loss of consciousness (LOC) following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) may be associated with impairments in time- and event-based prospective memory (PM). PM is thought to involve executive processes and be subserved by prefrontal regions. Neuroimaging research suggests alterations to these areas of the brain several years after mTBI, particularly if LOC was experienced.

Loneliness in Relation to Depression: The Moderating Influence of a Polymorphism of the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene on Self-efficacy and Coping Strategies.

Disturbances of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling, which may occur among those with a polymorphism of the Val66Met gene, comprising a Met substitution for the Val allele, may be associated with depressive cognitions. However, presumed elevated BDNF levels among individuals with the Val/Val genotype, might confer increased responsivity to contextual challenges, thus fostering vulnerability to depression. In Study 1, among undergraduate students ( = 252), increased loneliness perceptions were accompanied with depressive symptoms.

Rejection sensitivity and multiple group memberships: The moderating role of an oxytocin receptor gene polymorphism.

Rejection sensitivity is a cognitive-affective processing disposition that has been linked to interpersonal difficulties. In this regard, the neuropeptide hormone, oxytocin, is thought to underlie social cognitions and behaviors that promote social affiliation. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR), in which guanine (G) is substituted for adenine (A), has been associated with less support-seeking behaviors.

Testing a novel account of the dissociation between self-reported memory problems and memory performance in chemotherapy-treated breast cancer survivors.

Background: A puzzling observation pertaining to the impact of breast cancer on memory is the frequently reported dissociation between breast cancer survivors' self-reported memory problems and memory performance. We evaluated the hypothesis that the dissociation is related to the fact that the objective memory measures previously used assessed retrospective memory (RM) and did not tap prospective memory (PM), a domain about which survivors are complaining.

Methods: In a case-healthy-control (N = 80) cross-sectional study, the Memory for Intention Screening Test was used to assess PM and the Wechsler Logical Memory Test was used to evaluate RM.

Prospective memory impairment in chemotherapy-exposed early breast cancer survivors: Preliminary evidence from a clinical test.

We report the results of a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study (Paquet et al., 2013 ) to evaluate the cognitive operations involved in prospective memory (PM) deficits exhibited by chemotherapy-exposed breast cancer (BC) survivors. PM was assessed with the memory for intentions screening test administered to 80 patients and 80 healthy controls.

A pilot study of prospective memory functioning in early breast cancer survivors.

Aims: To evaluate prospective memory (PM) functioning in early breast cancer (BC) survivors and its association with fatigue and depression.

Methods: The Memory for Intention Screening Test, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Fatigue subscale were administered to 80 patients and 80 aged-matched healthy controls.

Results: Patients performed more poorly than controls on the memory test (p < 0.