Exploring the biodiversity of plant proteins for sustainable foods: Composition and emulsifying properties of the proteins recovered by aqueous extraction from camelina ( L.) seeds.

The food transition towards an increased consumption of plant proteins aimed at limiting environmental impacts requires a diversification of plant protein sources. In this study, we explored the potentialities of the sustainable oilseed crop camelina to provide dietary proteins and to prepare oil-in-water emulsions. An innovative green refinery process, including the removal by ultrasound of the mucilage attached at the surface of the seeds and extraction by grinding in water at pH 8, was used to recover aqueous extracts containing camelina seed proteins.

Dynamic digestion of a high protein beverage based on amaranth: Structural changes and antihypertensive activity.

An amaranth beverage (AB) was subjected to a simulated process of dynamic gastrointestinal digestion DIDGI®, a simple two-compartment in vitro dynamic gastrointestinal digestion system. The structural changes caused to the proteins during digestion and the digesta inhibitory capacity of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) were investigated. In gastric compartment the degree of hydrolysis (DH) was 14.

protein digestibility of RuBisCO-enriched wheat dough: a comparative study with pea and gluten proteins.

Growing demand for sustainable, plant-based protein sources has stimulated interest in new ingredients for food enrichment. This study investigates the nutritional and digestive implications of enriching wheat dough with RuBisCO, in comparison to pea protein-enriched and gluten-enriched doughs. The protein quality and digestibility of these enriched doughs were analysed through dough characterization, digestion experiments and biochemical analysis of digesta.

Detecting management gaps for biodiversity conservation: An integrated assessment.

The latest report on the state of nature in Europe (2013-2018) shows that biodiversity is declining at an alarming rate, with most protected species and habitats in poor condition. Despite an increasing volume of collected biodiversity information, urgent action is needed to integrate biodiversity data and knowledge to improve conservation efforts. We conducted a study in Catalonia (NE Spain), where we collected management measures implemented between 2013 and 2018, including allocation, budget, pressures aimed, and habitats/species potentially benefiting.

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) kernel oil bodies recovered by aqueous extraction for utilization as ingredient in food emulsions: Exploration of their microstructure, composition and the effects of homogenization, pH, and salt ions on their physical stability.

Natural oil-in-water emulsions containing plant oil bodies (OBs), also called oleosomes, rich in health-promoting omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3 PUFA) are of increasing interest for food applications. In this study, we focused on walnut kernel OBs (WK-OBs) and explored their microstructure, composition and physical stability in ionic environments as well as the impact of homogenization. A green process involving aqueous extraction by grinding of WK allowed the co-extraction of OBs and proteins, and centrifugation was used to recover the WK-OBs.

Oil Bodies from Chia ( L.) and Camelina ( L.) Seeds for Innovative Food Applications: Microstructure, Composition and Physical Stability.

Exploring and deciphering the biodiversity of oil bodies (OBs) recovered from oilseeds are of growing interest in the preparation of sustainable, natural and healthy plant-based food products. This study focused on chia ( L.) and camelina ( L.

Biochemical and physical-chemical characterisation of leaf proteins extracted from Cichorium endivia leaves.

This study provides a detailed characterisation of a leaf protein concentrate (LPC) extracted from Cichorium endivia leaves using a pilot scale process. This concentrate contains 74.1% protein and is mainly composed of Ribulose-1,5-BISphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase (RuBisCO).

Deciphering the properties of hemp seed oil bodies for food applications: Lipid composition, microstructure, surface properties and physical stability.

Hemp seed oil bodies (HSOBs) are of growing interest in response to the demand of consumers for healthy and natural plant-based food formulations. In this study, we used minimal processing including aqueous extraction by grinding and centrifugation to obtain HSOBs. We determined the lipid composition of HSBOs, their microstructure, and the impact of the homogenization pressure, pH and minerals on their surface properties and the physical stability of the emulsions.

Long-term and large-scale multispecies dataset tracking population changes of common European breeding birds.

Around fifteen thousand fieldworkers annually count breeding birds using standardized protocols in 28 European countries. The observations are collected by using country-specific and standardized protocols, validated, summarized and finally used for the production of continent-wide annual and long-term indices of population size changes of 170 species. Here, we present the database and provide a detailed summary of the methodology used for fieldwork and calculation of the relative population size change estimates.

Loading of lutein in egg-sphingomyelin vesicles as lipid carriers: Thermotropic phase behaviour, structure of sphingosome membranes and lutein crystals.

Lutein is a xanthophyll carotenoid provided exclusively by the diet, that has protective functions and beneficial effects on human health. Supplementation in lutein is necessary to reach the recommended daily dietary intake. However, the introduction of lutein into foods and beverages is a real challenge since this lipophilic nutrient has a poor aqueous solubility and a low bioavailability.

Contrasting impacts of precipitation on Mediterranean birds and butterflies.

The climatic preferences of the species determine to a large extent their response to climate change. Temperature preferences have been shown to play a key role in driving trends in animal populations. However, the relative importance of temperature and precipitation preferences is still poorly understood, particularly in systems where ecological processes are strongly constrained by the amount and timing of rainfall.

Studying the real-time interplay between triglyceride digestion and lipophilic micronutrient bioaccessibility using droplet microfluidics. 2 application to various oils and (pro)vitamins.

The kinetics of micellar solubilization of lipophilic micronutrients (bioaccessibility) in relation with triglyceride digestion remains poorly known. To study this interplay in real-time, a droplet microfluidic method was designed and used as reported in the first part of this article series. In this second part, the interplay between the micellar solubilization of (pro)vitamins (beta-carotene or retinyl palmitate) and the digestion of triglyceride oils (tricaprylin TC, or high-oleic sunflower seed oil HOSO, or fish oil FO) during simulated gastrointestinal digestion was investigated.

Collagen type I from bovine bone. Effect of animal age, bone anatomy and drying methodology on extraction yield, self-assembly, thermal behaviour and electrokinetic potential.

Natural collagen is easily available from animal tissues such as bones. Main limitations reported in the use of natural collagen are heterogeneity and loss of integrity during recovery. However, its natural complexity, functionality and bioactivity still remain to be achieved through synthetic and recombinant ways.

The benefits of liposomes for chilling canine sperm for 4 days at 4°C.

This study comprises 3 experiments exploring the possible benefits and mechanism of action of liposomes for chilling (4°C) canine sperm over a period of 4 days. In the first experiment, 20 ejaculates collected from 5 Beagle dogs were chilled in an extender containing 6% low density lipoproteins (LDL) (Control), or one of 7 extenders containing different concentrations (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20%) of liposomes (LIPO). These ejaculates were chilled over 4 days and motility was assessed daily using a Hamilton Thorne analyzer (HTM-IVOS, 14.

Egg yolk: structures, functionalities and processes.

Hen egg yolk is an ideal example of natural supramolecular assemblies of lipids and proteins with different organization levels. These assemblies are mainly due to interactions between proteins and phospholipids, and these interactions are essential in understanding and controlling the production of food made with yolk, and particularly emulsions. Furthermore, these assemblies can be modulated by external constraints among which thermo-mechanical and high-pressure treatments.

In vitro digestion of fish oils rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids studied in emulsion and at the oil-water interface.

The in vitro digestion of β-lactoglobulin stabilized emulsions rich in the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), was studied using several physicochemical techniques. Artificial media for the mouth, stomach and small intestine were used in a sequential static in vitro digestion method. Different sizing techniques were compared to follow the droplet size during the digestion steps, including diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) which allowed direct measurements on undiluted emulsions.

A pilot study for the intrinsic labeling of egg proteins with 15N and 13C.

The aim of this study was to produce intrinsically and uniformly doubly (15)N-(13)C-labeled proteins. These proteins can be used as intrinsic tracers of dietary amino acids, both α-amino groups and carbon skeletons, during postprandial metabolic utilization. Two (Rhodes) laying hens were fed for 16 days with a standard poultry diet supplemented with 0, 0.

Liposomes as an alternative to egg yolk in stallion freezing extender.

Egg yolk is normally used as a protective agent to freeze semen of equine and other species. However, addition of egg yolk in extenders is not without disadvantages and the demand to find cryoprotective alternatives is strong. The objective of this study was to test the cryoprotective capacities of liposomes composed of egg yolk phospholipids.

The advantages of using a combination of LDL and glutamine in comparison with TRIS egg yolk and Equex® STAMP extenders in the cryopreservation of canine semen.

Twenty semen samples taken from 5 dogs were frozen in liquid nitrogen at -196 °C in four different extenders: one control extender based on 20% egg yolk, 6% LDL alone (low density lipoproteins: the active cryoprotective principle in chicken egg yolk), 6% LDL combined with 20 mmol glutamine, and Equex® (a reference extender that we wish to compare with the LDL-glutamine combination). After thawing, spermatozoal motility was evaluated using a HAMILTON THORNE CERROS 12 image analyzer; the percentage of motile spermatozoa was 27.7% in the egg yolk extender (p<0.

Interfacial and oil/water emulsions characterization of potato protein isolates.

Interfacial and emulsifying properties of potato protein isolate (PPI) have been studied to evaluate its potential application to stabilize oil/water emulsions at two pH values (2 and 8). The amount, type, and solubility of proteins and the size of aggregates have been determined in aqueous dispersion. Air-water and oil-water interfacial properties (adsorption, spreading, and viscoelastic properties) have been determined as a function of concentration and pH using soluble phases of PPI.

Effect of low-density lipoproteins, spermatozoa concentration and glycerol on functional and motility parameters of bull spermatozoa during storage at 4 °C.

An extender has been developed with low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) that eliminates the microbial risks associated with the use of whole egg yolk. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of substituting egg yolk with LDLs for use as an extender in sperm preservation at 4 °C, as well as on spermatozoa motility, plasma membrane and acrosome integrity, at two different concentrations (80×10(6) and 240×10(6) sperm per ml) for 8 days and to evaluate glycerol toxicity in both extenders. A total of 12 ejaculates were collected from three bulls.

Influence of ionic complexation on release rate profiles from multiple water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsions.

Water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) double emulsions were prepared, and the kinetics of release of magnesium ions from the internal to the external water phase was followed. Different chelating agents (phosvitin and gluconate) were used to bind magnesium within the prospect of improving the ion retention in the internal aqueous droplets. Magnesium release was monitored for 1 month of storage, for each formulation, with and without chelation, at two storage temperatures (4 and 25 degrees C).

Impact of sodium caseinate concentration and location on magnesium release from multiple W/O/W emulsions.

Water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) double emulsions were prepared and the rate of release of magnesium ions from the internal to the external aqueous phase was followed. Sodium caseinate was used not only as a hydrophilic surface-active species but also as a chelating agent able to bind magnesium ions. The release occurred without film rupturing (no coalescence).