Pediatric Considerations.

The article discusses the nuances required to effectively perform the biomechanical examination in children and assess the findings. The author covers several factors in children that make the examination different in certain respects than in that of adults, including growth, osseous maturation, gait development, and interpretation of symptoms as conveyed by the child. Further delineation is made for prewalkers, foot-flat to foot-flat walkers, and heel-to-toe walkers.

Difficult and controversial pediatric cases: a roundtable on conservative and surgical management.

Pediatric clinical management is highly specialized. Problems are complex and often complicated by other medical issues that dictate limitations on therapeutic options. Appropriate diagnosis and successful clinical management depend on the experience and skill of the surgeon.