Identification of novel FosX family determinants from diverse environmental samples.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify novel fosfomycin resistance genes across diverse environmental samples, ranging in levels of anthropogenic pollution. We focused on fosfomycin resistance, and given its increasing clinical importance, explored the prevalence of these genes within different environmental contexts.

Methods: Metagenomic DNA was extracted from wastewater and sediment samples collected from sites in India, Sweden, and Antarctica.

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis of spine diagnosis and management: An institutional experience of 21 cases.

Background: We aimed to establish a standardized protocol for managing multidrug-resistant (MDR) spinal tuberculosis (TB), addressing the surgical options, ranging from computed tomography-guided biopsy to intraoperative sampling.

Methods: This study developed a treatment/management protocol based on an analysis of clinical, radiological, and postoperative outcomes for 21 patients with spinal MDR-TB. Over 24 months, 21 patients with multidrug-resistant spinal TB underwent the following testing: erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), numerical rating scale (NRS), and the American Spinal Injury Association Scale.

Substitution of Glu378 in EF-Tu disrupts binding to KKL-55.

-translation is a target for the development of new antibiotics. The potential antibiotic lead compound KKL-55 binds to EF-Tu and inhibits -translation. Previous structural and biochemical studies showed that glutamate 378 in EF-Tu directly contacts bound KKL-55, but mutation of residue 378 to alanine had no effect on the equilibrium dissociation constant for binding of EF-Tu and KKL-55.

Escherichia coli novel sequence type 11873 harbours a new CTX-M-15-carrying multidrug resistance type 1/2 hybrid IncC plasmid.

Objective: The aim of the current study was to determine the genomic map of the resistance genes of two CTX-M-15-carrying Escherichia coli strains belonging to novel sequence type (ST) 11873. Complete, closed genome sequences of the E. coli strains were obtained by applying a combination of short-read Illumina and long-read Oxford Nanopore-based sequencing.

Does Elevated Mean-Arterial Pressure Lead to Better Outcomes in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy?- A Prospective, Pilot Randomized Control Trial.

Study Design: Randomized Control Trial.

Objective: DCM refers to compression of spinal cord either due to static/dynamic causes or commonly, a result of combination of both. Number of variables exist, which determine prognosis post-surgery.

Multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium strains enter the Norwegian marine environment through treated sewage.

This study aimed to understand the antibiotic resistance prevalence among Enterococcus spp. from raw and treated sewage in Bergen city, Norway. In total, 517 Enterococcus spp.

Emergence and dissemination of epidemic-causing OXA-244 carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli ST38 through hospital sewage in Norway, 2020-2022.

Background: Population-based sewage surveillance has emerged as a promising approach for studying the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens.

Aim: To determine the temporal prevalence of cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli in sewage from five sewage treatment plants located in Bergen city, to determine whether ESBL- and carbapenemase-producing E. coli are consistently disseminated in the receiving environment through sewage.

Tigecycline-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains from sewage in Norway carry heavy-metal resistance genes encoding conjugative plasmids.

Objectives: Tigecycline is a last-resort antibiotic used for treatment of infections with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. The aim of the study was to understand the genetic mechanism of resistance and the genetic context of resistance genes in two tigecycline-resistant K. pneumoniae strains isolated from sewage in Bergen, Norway.

Antibiotic that inhibits -translation blocks binding of EF-Tu to tmRNA but not to tRNA.

Elongation factor thermo-unstable (EF-Tu) is a universally conserved translation factor that mediates productive interactions between tRNAs and the ribosome. In bacteria, EF-Tu also delivers transfer-messenger RNA (tmRNA)-SmpB to the ribosome during -translation. We report the first small molecule, KKL-55, that specifically inhibits EF-Tu activity in -translation without affecting its activity in normal translation.

Co-localization of clinically relevant antibiotic- and heavy metal resistance genes on plasmids in Klebsiella pneumoniae from marine bivalves.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen frequently associated with antibiotic resistance and present in a wide range of environments, including marine habitats. However, little is known about the development, persistence, and spread of antibiotic resistance in such environments. This study aimed to obtain the complete genome sequences of antibiotic-resistant K.

Complete sequence of a new conjugative multidrug-resistance encoding IncFII/IncFIA/IncFIB plasmid carrying NDM-6 metallo-β-lactamase from pathogenic Escherichia coli sequence type 167 isolated from sewage in Norway.

Objectives: The aim of the current study was to determine the genomic map of resistance genes and to understand the potential for mobility of a new NDM-6-carrying plasmid from a pathogenic Escherichia coli strain. A complete and closed genome sequence of the E. coli strain was obtained by applying a combination of short-read Illumina and long-read Nanopore-based sequencing.

Responses of carbapenemase-producing and non-producing carbapenem-resistant strains to meropenem revealed by quantitative tandem mass spectrometry proteomics.

is an opportunistic pathogen with increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant strains, including resistance to last-resort antibiotics, such as carbapenems. Resistances are often due to complex interplays of natural and acquired resistance mechanisms that are enhanced by its large regulatory network. This study describes the proteomic responses of two carbapenem-resistant strains of high-risk clones ST235 and ST395 to subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of meropenem by identifying differentially regulated proteins and pathways.

Prospective Randomized Control Trial to Compare the Role of Injection Cerebrolysin for 10 Days Duration Against Placebo in Operated Cases of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy.

Study Design: Prospective randomized control trial.

Objective: To analyze outcomes following the injection of cerebrolysin in surgically treated patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM).

Summary Of Background Data: Previous research has concluded that superior functional outcomes are achieved with the use of cerebrolysin in surgically treated patients of DCM for 21 days.

Seawater from Bergen harbor is a reservoir of conjugative multidrug-resistance plasmids carrying genes for virulence.

Aquatic environments play important roles in the dissemination of clinically-relevant antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and pathogens. Limited knowledge exists about the prevalence of clinically-relevant acquired resistance genes in the marine environment, especially in Norway. The aim of the current study was to investigate the presence of and characterize self-transmissible resistance plasmids from Bergen harbor seawater, with exogenous-plasmid capture, using a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged Escherichia coli strain as a recipient.

Knockout of Targeted Plasmid-Borne β-Lactamase Genes in an Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Strain: Impact on Resistance and Proteomic Profile.

Resistance to β-lactams is known to be multifactorial, although the underlying mechanisms are not well established. The aim of our study was to develop a system for assessing the phenotypic and proteomic responses of bacteria to antibiotic stress as a result of the loss of selected antimicrobial resistance genes. We applied homologous recombination to knock out plasmid-borne β-lactamase genes (, , and ) in Escherichia coli CCUG 73778, generating knockout clone variants lacking the respective deleted β-lactamases.

Unilateral facet cyst at the atlantoaxial joint leading to cervical myelopathy: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Spinal synovial cysts are rare in the cervical spine where they may cause myeloradiculopathy. Contrast MR studies help differentiate these from other lesions. The optimal treatment is often surgical removal.

Sewage-based surveillance shows presence of Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant against last resort antibiotics in the population in Bergen, Norway.

The aim of this study was to understand the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae present in the population in Bergen city, Norway using city-scale sewage-based surveillance, as well as the potential spread of K. pneumoniae into the marine environment through treated sewage. From a total of 30 sewage samples collected from five different sewage treatment plants (STPs), 563 presumptive K.

Novel Plasmid Carrying Mobile Colistin Resistance Gene and Mercury Resistance Genes in Shewanella baltica: Insights into Mobilization of in Species.

species have been identified as progenitors of several clinically important antibiotic resistance genes. The aim of our study was to analyze Shewanella baltica strains isolated from the gut contents of wild Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) for the presence of both known and novel variants of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), using Illumina-based whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Thirty-three S.

Genome sequence of Vibrio anguillarum isolates carrying a novel class A β-lactamase VAN-1: do migratory fish transport novel resistance factors?

Objectives: The aim of the study was to understand the genetic basis of resistance of five β-lactam resistant Vibrio anguillarum isolates obtained from the gut content of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scomberus), using whole genome sequencing and to characterize a novel β-lactamase (VAN-1) from these isolates.

Method: Antibiotic sensitivity pattern was determined using Sensititre™ plates and whole genome sequencing was carried out using Illumina MiSeq-based sequencing. The bla gene was synthesized and expressed in Escherichia coli Top10 cells.

Minimally invasive surgery for spinal cerebrospinal fluid-venous fistula ligation: patient series.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid-venous fistulas (CVFs) may cause cerebrospinal fluid leaks resulting in spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). Surgical treatment of CVFs aims to eliminate abnormal fistulous connections between the subarachnoid space and the epidural venous plexus at the level of the nerve root sleeve. The authors propose a percutaneous minimally invasive technique for surgical ligation of CVF as an alternative to the traditional open approach using a tubular retractor system.

Impact of Body Weight, Height, and Obesity on Selection of Skin Entry Point for Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy.

 Prospective evaluation of the effect of physical parameters like height, weight and abdominal girth on different skin entry points in transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy (TELD) in lower lumbar discs.  This prospective study involved 174 patients with unilateral radicular pain or discogenic back pain, central, paracentral disc herniations and lateral canal stenosis at the level from L3 to S1 radiologically confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and failed conservative trial for 6 weeks. All patients underwent measurements of height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and abdominal girth preoperatively.

Spinal manifestations of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: a scoping review.

Objective: Since its initial description, the definition of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) has notably changed. At present, it broadly refers to disorders of the connective tissue that are heritable and have similar features including joint hypermobility, dermal dysplasia, and vascular as well as internal organ fragility. There has been no comprehensive review of spinal manifestations of EDS in the recent literature.