The Management of Root Perforation: A Review of the Literature.

Root canal perforation is defined as an opening or communication of the root to the outer oral tissue that occurs either accidentally during root canal therapy or due to unknown pathological causes, which generally result in complications in patients due to the passage of microorganisms to the surrounding tissues. These complications may necessitate extraction of the affected tooth. In this literature review, 42 articles were reviewed initially; 33 of them were included in the final analysis based on exclusion and inclusion criteria.