The Effect of Oral Protein Supplementation on the Growth of Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: During NICU admission, extra-uterine growth retardation that can affect the neurodevelopmental outcome is a challenging problem in extremely preterm infants. This trial aimed to determine the effect of additional enteral protein supplementation on the growth velocity of the anthropometric parameters.

Method: In this randomized controlled trial, 77 preterm infants (gestational age ≤33 weeks and birth weight <1500 g) who reached full enteral feeding with either fortified breast milk or preterm formula were included.

Comparison of the efficacy of inhaled versus infused milrinone in the management of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn in resource-limited settings: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: The standard treatment for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is inhaled nitric oxide (iNO), which is not available in Iran. Consequently, other drugs, such as milrinone, are prescribed. So far, no study has investigated the effectiveness of inhaled milrinone in the management of PPHN.

Association of lower vitamin a levels in neonates and their mothers with increased risk of neonatal late-onset sepsis: A case-control study.

Background: In developing countries, neonatal sepsis is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity. Vitamin A deficiency also affects the immune system severely and is associated with various neonatal infections. We aimed to compare maternal and neonatal vitamin A levels among neonates with and without late-onset sepsis.