Association Between Smoking and Outcomes of Autoimmune Hepatitis.

Background Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic liver disorder caused by the immune system targeting liver cells. The etiology of AIH remains undefined. Therefore, we aim to explore the relationship between cigarette smoking and AIH.

A Retrospective Study on Vitamin D Status and Its Association With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Among Children With Chronic Kidney Disease at King Abdulaziz University Hospital.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a significant global health issue. It is prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, which is an important cause of death among children. Many studies have found a link between low vitamin D status in CKD patients and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors.