Pharmacokinetics of vaginally applied integrase inhibitors in macaques.

Objectives: We conducted a detailed pharmacokinetic assessment in macaques treated with vaginal gels formulated with HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) to better understand drug distribution and identify INSTI concentrations associated with previously demonstrated in vivo protection against vaginal simian HIV challenge.

Methods: Six macaques received vaginal gel containing 1% raltegravir (30 mg) once-weekly over 6 weeks. Following a washout period, five macaques received once-weekly gel containing 0.

The effect of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate on tenofovir alafenamide in rhesus macaques.

Prevention of HIV infection and unintended pregnancies are public health priorities. In sub-Saharan Africa, where HIV prevalence is highest, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is widely used as contraception. Therefore, understanding potential interactions between DMPA and antiretrovirals is critical.

Long-Acting Cabotegravir Protects Macaques Against Repeated Penile Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Exposures.

We used a novel penile simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) transmission model to investigate whether long-acting cabotegravir (CAB LA) prevents penile SHIV acquisition in macaques. Twenty-two macaques were exposed to SHIV via the foreskin and urethra once weekly for 12 weeks. Of these, 6 received human-equivalent doses of CAB LA, 6 received oral emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, and 10 were untreated.