Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) Affecting HLA Genes in Breast Cancer: Clinical Relevance and Therapeutic Opportunities.

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-I molecules (or Human Leucocyte Antigen class-I) play a key role in adaptive immunity against cancer. They present specific tumor neoantigens to cytotoxic T cells and provoke an antitumor cytotoxic response. The total or partial loss of HLA molecules can inhibit the immune system's ability to detect and destroy cancer cells.

A lutein and zeaxanthin enriched extra virgin olive oil as a potential nutraceutical agent: A pilot study.

Xanthophylls lutein and zeaxanthin are carotenoids with important antioxidant capacities and relevant roles against the prevention of eye diseases. In this study a valorization of non-commercial spinach to obtain lutein and zeaxanthin as raw materials to develop nutraceuticals was carried out. Three oil matrixes were analyzed: extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), lutein and zeaxanthin enriched EVOO (EVOO+LZ), and EVOO enriched with 25 % of EVOO+LZ (namely EVOO+D) to evaluate their biological potential as antioxidants.

β-Cyclodextrin-based geometrically frustrated amphiphiles as one-component, cell-specific and organ-specific nucleic acid delivery systems.

We introduce an innovative β-cyclodextrin (βCD)-prototype for delivering nucleic acids: "geometrically frustrated amphiphiles (GFAs)." GFAs are designed with cationic centers evenly distributed across the primary O6 and secondary O2 positions of the βCD scaffold, while hydrophobic tails are anchored at the seven O3 positions. Such distribution of functional elements differs from Janus-type architectures and enlarges the capacity for accessing strictly monodisperse variants.

Foxp3 inhibitory peptide encapsulated in a novel CD25-targeted nanoliposome promotes efficient tumor regression in mice.

P60, a Foxp3 inhibitory peptide, can hinder the regulatory T cell (Treg) activity and impair tumor proliferation. However, low systemic stability and poor specificity have led to daily dosing to achieve therapeutic effect. Therefore, this study aims to improve P60 stability and specific delivery through its encapsulation in liposomes targeting CD25, constitutively expressed in Tregs.

Lipid-based nanosystems: the next generation of cancer immune therapy.

Immunotherapy has become an important part of the oncotherapy arsenal. Its applicability in various cancer types is impressive, as well as its use of endogenous mechanisms to achieve desired ends. However, off-target or on-target-off-tumor toxicity, limited activity, lack of control in combination treatments and, especially for solid tumors, low local accumulation, have collectively limited clinical use thereof.

An artificial intelligence-generated model predicts 90-day survival in alcohol-associated hepatitis: A global cohort study.

Background And Aims: Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) poses significant short-term mortality. Existing prognostic models lack precision for 90-day mortality. Utilizing artificial intelligence in a global cohort, we sought to derive and validate an enhanced prognostic model.

Advanced Periocular Basal Cell Carcinoma with Orbital Invasion: Update on Management and Treatment Advances.

Purpose: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequent malignant periocular tumor. It is associated with exposure to ultraviolet radiation, and its incidence is gradually increasing. It may occasionally display more aggressive behavior and result in orbital or intracranial invasion.

[Main Types of Cysts in Dermatopathology: Part 1].

Cystic structures represent one of the most common findings in dermatopathology. These encompass both cystic tumors and pseudocysts resulting from the accumulation of certain substances, such as mucin. In a two-part series (of which this is the first part), we have reviewed the principal types of cysts and pseudocysts that may be observed in cutaneous biopsies, examining their histopathological features and primary differential diagnoses.

Association of interleukin-13 gene single nucleotide polymorphism rs1800925 with allergic asthma in Asian population: A meta-analysis.

Background: The interleukin-13 (IL-13) gene has been associated with allergic asthma pathogenesis due to its role in IgE synthesis. The IL-13 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1800925 has been implicated in exacerbated allergic asthma symptoms in different ethnicities.

Objectives: To determine the association of IL-13 SNP rs1800925 with allergic asthma symptoms in the Asian population.

Influence of Dietary Lipid Source Supplementation on Milk and Fresh Cheese from Murciano-Granadina Goats.

This study analyzes the influence of the incorporation of flaked linseed and fish oil in the diet on the resulting milk and cheese. Three dietary treatments were assayed in 350 milking Murciano-Granadina multiparous goats in full-lactation: a control diet and two experimental diets, one including flaked linseed (FL) at 3.88% of dry matter, and the other containing salmon oil (SO) at 2.

C250T mutation: A potential biomarker of poor prognosis in metastatic melanoma.

Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer and the leading cause of death from cutaneous tumors. Several studies have associated alterations in the promoter region () with gene overexpression, aggressiveness and poor prognosis of the disease. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of molecular status in paired samples of primary melanoma and metastasis using tissue and plasma to establish a correlation with disease progression and survival.

Melatonin as a Coadjuvant in the Treatment of Patients with Fibromyalgia.

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic widespread pain syndrome that is accompanied by fatigue, sleep disturbances, anxiety, depression, lack of concentration, and neurocognitive impairment. As the currently available drugs are not completely successful against these symptoms and frequently have several side effects, many scientists have taken on the task of looking for nonpharmacological remedies. Many of the FMS-related symptoms have been suggested to be associated with an altered pattern of endogenous melatonin.

MELD 3.0 adequately predicts mortality and renal replacement therapy requirements in patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis.

Background & Aims: Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score better predicts mortality in alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) but could underestimate severity in women and malnourished patients. Using a global cohort, we assessed the ability of the MELD 3.0 score to predict short-term mortality in AH.

Crosslinked Bifunctional Particles for the Removal of Bilirubin in Hyperbilirubinemia Cases.

This work describes the development of styrene-divinylbenzene (St-DVB) particles with polyethylene glycol methacrylate (PEGMA) and/or glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) brushes for the removal of bilirubin from blood in haemodialyzed patients. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was immobilized onto the particles using ethyl lactate as a biocompatible solvent, which allowed the immobilization of up to 2 mg BSA/g of particles. The presence of albumin on the particles increased their capacity for bilirubin removal from phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) by 43% compared to particles without albumin.

GWAS-Identified Variants for Obesity Do Not Influence the Risk of Developing Multiple Myeloma: A Population-Based Study and Meta-Analysis.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable disease characterized by the presence of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow that secrete specific monoclonal immunoglobulins into the blood. Obesity has been associated with the risk of developing solid and hematological cancers, but its role as a risk factor for MM needs to be further explored. Here, we evaluated whether 32 genome-wide association study (GWAS)-identified variants for obesity were associated with the risk of MM in 4189 German subjects from the German Multiple Myeloma Group (GMMG) cohort (2121 MM cases and 2068 controls) and 1293 Spanish subjects (206 MM cases and 1087 controls).

Chlorophyll Pigments of Olive Leaves and Green Tea Extracts Differentially Affect Their Antioxidant and Anticancer Properties.

Plant-based extracts possess biological potential due to their high content of phytochemicals. Nevertheless, photosynthetic pigments (e.g.

Enriched Pea Protein Texturing: Physicochemical Characteristics and Application as a Substitute for Meat in Hamburgers.

There is currently a growing trend towards the consumption of vegetable protein, even if it shows some deficiencies in essential amino acids. It has been driven by consumer passion for health and wellness, environmental sustainability, animal welfare and the flexitarian lifestyle. However, the formulation of plant protein food analogues to meat products is complicated by the technological properties of isolated plant protein.

Spanish Fuet Sausages Fat-Reduced to Diminish Boar Taint: Sensory and Technological Quality.

Reduced-fat cured sausages were evaluated as a strategy to reduce boar taint in entire male pork products with high levels of androstenone and skatole, both lipophilic. Three fuet-type sausages (two replicates each) were developed: the control (C) (60% lean, 33.69% fat), and two reduced-fat (60% lean 21.

Novel gels and films to mask boar taint in entire male pork.

Boar taint masking strategies were developed using hydrocolloids and spices to produce edible gels and films. Carrageenan (G1) and agar-agar (G2) were used for the gels and gelatin (F1) and alginate+maltodextrin (F2) for the films. The strategies were applied to both castrated (control) and entire male pork with high levels of androstenone and skatole.

Preclinical models in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Head and neck cancer is the sixth most frequent cancer type. Drug resistance and toxicity are common challenges of the existing therapies, making the development of reliable preclinical models essential for the study of the involved molecular mechanisms as well as for eventual intervention approaches that improve the clinical outcome. Preclinical models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma have been traditionally based on cell lines and murine models.