Exploring extracellular RNA as drivers of chemotherapy resistance in cancer.

Chemotherapy resistance (CR) represents one of the most important barriers to effective oncological therapy and often leads to ineffective intervention and unfavorable clinical prognosis. Emerging studies have emphasized the vital significance of extracellular RNA (exRNA) in influencing CR. This thorough assessment intends to explore the multifaceted contributions of exRNA, such as exosomal RNA, microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, to CR in cancer.

Prevalence and histopathological analysis of cystic echinococcosis in ruminants of District Narowal, Pakistan: focus on pulmonary involvement.

A total of 384 animals (sheep, goat, cattle, and buffalo) were examined for the presence of hydatid cysts only in the lungs. The lung tissue samples associated with the hydatid cyst were collected immediately after slaughter, followed by fixation in 10% formalin. The fixed tissue was subjected to paraffin embedding technique.

Development and Evaluation in Rat and Monkey of a Candidate Homochiral Radioligand for PET Studies of Brain Receptor Interacting Protein Kinase 1: [F]()-1-(5-(3-Fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1-pyrazol-1-yl)-2,2-dimethylpropan-1-one.

Receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) crucially upregulates necroptosis and is a key driver of inflammation. An effective PET radioligand for imaging brain RIPK1 would be useful for further exploring the role of this enzyme in neuroinflammation and for assisting drug discovery. Here, we report our progress on developing a PET radioligand for RIPK1 based on the phenyl-1-dihydropyrazole skeleton of a lead RIPK1 inhibitor, GSK'963.

Comparative Efficacy and Long-Term Outcomes of Beta-Blockers Alone or in Combination With Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors in Chronic Heart Failure: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review provides a comprehensive comparison of beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in the management of chronic heart failure (CHF), with a focus on their long-term efficacy and safety profiles. By synthesizing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and clinical studies, the review highlights the significant benefits of both drug classes in reducing mortality and hospital readmissions, and improving patient outcomes. Beta-blockers, such as bisoprolol and carvedilol, demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing sudden cardiac death, particularly in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).

Development and evaluation of deuterated [F]JHU94620 isotopologues for the non-invasive assessment of the cannabinoid type 2 receptor in brain.

Background: The cannabinoid type 2 receptors (CB2R) represent a target of increasing importance in neuroimaging due to its upregulation under various neuropathological conditions. Previous evaluation of [F]JHU94620 for the non-invasive assessment of the CB2R availability by positron emission tomography (PET) revealed favourable binding properties and brain uptake, however rapid metabolism, and generation of brain-penetrating radiometabolites have been its main limitations. To reduce the bias of CB2R quantification by blood-brain barrier (BBB)-penetrating radiometabolites, we aimed to improve the metabolic stability by developing -d and -d deuterated isotopologues of [F]JHU94620.

Family physician service quality and sustainability: a roadmap for Pakistan's healthcare sector.

Introduction: The number of family medicine consultants has increased during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. However, research on family medicine services specific to Pakistan remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explore family physician services in Pakistan.

Revolutionizing photocatalysis: Synthesis of innovative poly(N-tertiary-butylacrylamide)-graft-hydroxypropyl cellulose polymers for thermo-responsive applications via metal-free organic photoredox catalysis.

In this study, we present a groundbreaking approach utilizing metal-free, visible light-mediated organic photoredox catalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization (O-ATRP) to synthesize cellulose-based stimuli-responsive polymers. Our method resulted in the successful synthesis of innovative metal-free poly(N-tertiary-butylacrylamide)-graft-hydroxypropyl cellulose (PNTBAM-g-HPC) polymers with exceptional control over molecular weight and narrow dispersity index (Đ) and explored their applications in organo-photocatalytic reactions. This approach addresses the limitations of traditional atom transfer radical polymerization method, which suffer from metal contamination and toxicity related problems.

Controlled tuning of HOMO and LUMO levels in supramolecular nano-Saturn complexes.

Optoelectronics usually deals with the fabrication of devices that can interconvert light and electrical energy using semiconductors. The modification of electronic properties is crucial in the field of optoelectronics. The tuning of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and their energy gaps is of paramount interest in this domain.

Trends of HIV/AIDS in Pregnant Women Presenting to a Tertiary Care Setting.

According to WHO, there are around 35 million adults living with HIV/AIDs worldwide. Of these, around 1.5 million are pregnant women.

The Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Slowing Cognitive Decline Among Elderly Patients With Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

This systematic review explores the impact of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), on cognitive decline in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Omega-3 fatty acids are widely recognized for their neuroprotective properties, but the evidence regarding their efficacy in mitigating cognitive decline remains mixed. Through a comprehensive analysis of eleven randomized controlled trials, we aimed to assess the role of DHA in improving cognitive functions and slowing brain atrophy.

The Therapeutic Management of Chemical and Herbal Medications on Uric Acid Levels and Gout: Modern and Traditional Wisdom.

Gout is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by elevated uric acid levels in the blood, which can precipitate acute gout attacks in individuals with genetic susceptibility, existing medical conditions, and dietary influences. Genetic predispositions, comorbid medical conditions, nutritional choices, and environmental factors increasingly recognize the multifactorial etiology of the disease. Recent research has highlighted the potential of phytochemicals, particularly flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids, to manage hyperuricemia (HUA) and its associated complications.

Chiral recognition of amino acids through homochiral metallacycle [ZnClL].

Chiral recognition holds tremendous significance in both life science and chemistry. The ability to differentiate between enantiomers is crucial because one enantiomer typically holds greater biological relevance while its counterpart is often not only unnecessary but also potentially harmful. In this regard, homochiral metallacycle [ZnClL] is used in this study to understand and differentiate between the and enantiomers of amino acids (alanine, proline, serine, and valine).

Management of yield losses in Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek crop caused by charcoal-rot disease through synergistic application of biochar and zinc oxide nanoparticles as boosting fertilizers and nanofungicides.

The mung bean crop (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) is widely recognized as a key source of pulse food worldwide.

Postpartum Guillain-Barré Syndrome Presenting as Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy in a Young Female: A Report of a Rare Case.

This case report presents a rare instance of acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN), a subtype of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), in a 25-year-old postpartum female. The patient experienced a seven-day history of progressive, ascending motor weakness in all four limbs, beginning shortly before delivery and rapidly worsening postpartum. Notably, she exhibited no sensory deficits, a hallmark feature of AMAN, which was confirmed by nerve conduction studies revealing significant motor axonal involvement with preserved sensory function.

Revolutionizing healthcare and medicine: The impact of modern technologies for a healthier future-A comprehensive review.

The increasing integration of new technologies is driving a fundamental revolution in the healthcare sector. Developments in artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and big data analytics have completely transformed the diagnosis, treatment, and care of patients. AI-powered solutions are enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of healthcare delivery by demonstrating exceptional skills in personalized medicine, early disease detection, and predictive analytics.

Enhancing agricultural sustainability through optimization of the slaughterhouse sludge compost for elimination of parasites and coliforms.

For a sustainable ecology, slaughterhouse sludge must be managed effectively in preview of the parasitic or coliforms' spill over to the community. In order to determine the effectiveness of a customized biological decomposer solution in lowering the parasitic eggs and coliform bacteria, three composting units (Unit 1, Unit 2, and Unit 3) were treated with its different amounts. Over a period of 60 days, pH, temperature, humidity, number of the parasitic eggs per gram (EPG) of faecal material, viability of eggs, and coliform counts were evaluated.

Synergistic effects of selenium nanoparticles and LED light on enhancement of secondary metabolites in sandalwood () plants through callus culturing technique.

The yield and concentration of secondary metabolites (SMs) in plants can vary due to numerous challenges such as dynamic environmental conditions, moisture, soil quality, soil organic matter and plant genetics. To obtain a good yield of SMs novel elicitation approaches, such as the use of biotic and abiotic stressors, genetic modifications, and optimized growth conditions, have been practiced, particularly the use of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and light emitting diode (LED) interaction through employing tissue culture technique. In the present study, callus cultures of sandalwood ( L.

Traditional ethnobotanical knowledge of important local plants in Sudhnoti, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan.

This research purpose was focused to document the traditional ethnobotanical knowledge (TEK) associated with important wild plants and indigenous communities residing in mountainous zone of District Sudhnoti of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan and to determine their conservation status with suggestions and recommendations to protect and propagate the rare and endangered wild flora of the area for sustainable use. The data regarding traditional ethnomedicines (TEMs) and phytogeography with conservation analysis of wild plants were collected via structured and semi structured interviews of 150 participants belonging to various professions and of both genders. Prior consent and permission were obtained from family heads and from all the participants, and the data were shared with all the informants through the local female translator guide.

Exploring the potential of plant astrobiology: adapting flora for extra-terrestrial habitats: a review.

In recent years, the realm of astrobiology has expanded beyond the search for microbial life to encompass the intriguing possibility of plant life beyond our planet. Plant astrobiology delves into the adaptations and mechanisms that might allow Earth's flora to flourish in the harsh conditions of outer space and other celestial bodies. This review aims to shed light on the captivating field of plant astrobiology, its implications, and the challenges and opportunities it presents.