Hemodynamic differences between women and men with elevated blood pressure in China: A non-invasive assessment of 45,082 adults using impedance cardiography.

Background: Whether there are sex differences in hemodynamic profiles among people with elevated blood pressure is not well understood and could guide personalization of treatment.

Methods And Results: We described the clinical and hemodynamic characteristics of adults with elevated blood pressure in China using impedance cardiography. We included 45,082 individuals with elevated blood pressure (defined as systolic blood pressure of ≥130 mmHg or a diastolic blood pressure of ≥80 mmHg), of which 35.

Relationship of Age With the Hemodynamic Parameters in Individuals With Elevated Blood Pressure.

Background: Age is known to be associated with the prevalence and pathophysiology of hypertension. However, there is little information on whether age stands as a good proxy for the specific hemodynamic profile of an individual with elevated blood pressure (BP), which could be important in the selection of therapy.

Design: This is a cross-sectional study.

Hemodynamic Phenotypes of Hypertension Based on Cardiac Output and Systemic Vascular Resistance.

Background: Blood pressure is a physiologic measure that reflects cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance. Classification by these components could be useful in characterizing subtypes of hypertension, which may have a role in selecting treatment strategies. However, hemodynamic phenotypes of a large, stable, outpatient population with hypertension remain unknown.

Effect of the angiotensin II receptor blocker valsartan on cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial histone deacetylase expression in rats with aortic constriction.

The aim of the present study was to observe the myocardial expression of members of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) family (HDAC2, HDAC5 and HDAC9) in rats with or without myocardial hypertrophy (MH) in the presence and absence of the angiotensin II receptor blocker valsartan. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=6/group): Sham-operated control rats, treated with distilled water (1 ml/day) through gavage; rats with MH (established through aortic constriction), treated with distilled water (1 ml/day) through gavage; and MH + valsartan rats, treated with 20 mg/kg/day valsartan through gavage. Treatments commenced one day after surgery and continued for eight weeks.

[Hyperspectral Bambusoideae discrimination based on Mann-Whitney non-parametric test and SVM].

In the present study, based on the leaf-level hyperspectral data of MaoZhu, LeiZhu and XiaoShunZhu, We come up with two solutions to discrimination through the theory of non-parametric test and pattern recognition; the first one is that optimal discriminating band between bambusoideae species is extracted by Mann-Whitney non-parametric test, the other is that bambusoideae species is discriminated by the support vector machine. The research results showed that (1) the optimal discriminating band between MaoZhu and LeiZhu is around 503-655, 689-732, 757-1 000, 1 038-1 084, 1 238-1 311, 1 404-1 591, 1682-1 800, 1 856-1 904, and 1 923-2 500 nm; the optimal discriminating band between MaoZhu and XiaoShunZhu is around 350-386, 731-1 430, 1 584-1 687, and 1 796-1 873 nm; the optimal discriminating band between LeiZhu and XiaoShunZhu is around 355-356, 498-662, 689-745, and 1 344-2 500 nm; and it can eliminate 30.0%, 57.

[Hyperspectral feature band selection based on mean confidence interval and tree species discrimination].

In the present study, based on the leaf-level hyperspectral data of BaiMu, LeiZhu and WuHuanZi, the authors come up with two solutions through the theory of statistics; the first one is that optimal discriminating band between tree species is extracted by mean interval confidence, the other one is that tree species is discriminated by the Manhattan distance and the Min Max interval similarity. The research results showed that (1) the optimal discriminating bands between BaiMu and LeiZhu are around 350-446, 497-527, 553-1 330, 1 355-2 400 and 2 436-2 500 nm; the optimal discriminating bands between BaiMu and WuHuanZi are around 434-555, 580-1 903, 1 914-2 089, 2 172-2 457 and 2 475-2 500 nm; the optimal discriminating bands between LeiZhu and WuHuanZi are around 434-555, 580-1 903, 1 914-2 089, 2 172-2 457 and 2 475-2 500 nm; and this result is helpful for us to find maximum difference to identifying tree species respectively. (2) In these optimal discriminating bands, we find that the Manhattan distance between the same species is far less than the different species; but the Min-Max interval similarity between the same species is far more than the different species, so this result could help us to discriminate and identify different types of tree species effectively.

Elevated levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein correlate positively with C-reactive protein in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

The relationship between oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is unknown. We, therefore, measured serum levels of Ox-LDL and high-sensitivity (hs)-CRP in 90 ACS patients, 45 stable angina pectoris (SAP) patients, and 66 healthy controls using sandwich ELISA. ACS patients were subdivided into: (1) acute myocardial infarction (AMI; n = 45); (2) unstable angina pectoris (UAP; n = 45) groups.

Menin is required in cranial neural crest for palatogenesis and perinatal viability.

Menin is a nuclear protein encoded by a tumor suppressor gene that is mutated in humans with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1). Menin functions as a component of a histone methyltransferase complex that regulates expression of target genes including the cell cycle inhibitor p27(kip1). Here, we show that menin plays a previously unappreciated and critical role in cranial neural crest.

Hdac2 regulates the cardiac hypertrophic response by modulating Gsk3 beta activity.

In the adult heart, a variety of stresses induce re-expression of a fetal gene program in association with myocyte hypertrophy and heart failure. Here we show that histone deacetylase-2 (Hdac2) regulates expression of many fetal cardiac isoforms. Hdac2 deficiency or chemical histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition prevented the re-expression of fetal genes and attenuated cardiac hypertrophy in hearts exposed to hypertrophic stimuli.

An essential role for Notch in neural crest during cardiovascular development and smooth muscle differentiation.

The cardiac outflow tract develops as a result of a complex interplay among several cell types, including cardiac neural crest cells, endothelial cells, and cardiomyocytes. In both humans and mice, mutations in components of the Notch signaling pathway result in congenital heart disease characterized by cardiac outflow tract defects. However, the specific cell types in which Notch functions during cardiovascular development remain to be defined.

In vivo beta1 integrin function requires phosphorylation-independent regulation by cytoplasmic tyrosines.

Integrins are heterodimeric adhesion receptors associated with bidirectional signaling. In vitro studies support a role for the binding of evolutionarily conserved tyrosine motifs (NPxY) in the beta integrin cytoplasmic tail to phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain-containing proteins, an interaction proposed to be dynamically regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation. Here we show that replacement of both beta1 integrin cytoplasmic tyrosines with alanines, resulting in the loss of all PTB domain interaction, causes complete loss of beta1 integrin function in vivo.

Insertion of Cre into the Pax3 locus creates a new allele of Splotch and identifies unexpected Pax3 derivatives.

Pax3 is a transcription factor expressed in the dorsal neural tube and somite of the developing embryo. It plays critical roles in pre-migratory neural crest cells and in myogenic precursors of skeletal muscle. Pax3-deficient Splotch embryos display neural tube and neural crest defects and lack hypaxial muscles.

Homeobox protein Hop functions in the adult cardiac conduction system.

Hop is an unusual homeobox gene expressed in the embryonic and adult heart. Hop acts downstream of Nkx2-5 during development, and Nkx2-5 mutations are associated with cardiac conduction system (CCS) defects. Inactivation of Hop in the mouse is lethal in half of the expected null embryos.

Pax3 functions at a nodal point in melanocyte stem cell differentiation.

Most stem cells are not totipotent. Instead, they are partially committed but remain undifferentiated. Upon appropriate stimulation they are capable of regenerating mature cell types.