Proteomics of the shell matrix proteins and functional analysis of Am13 and AmKaSPI from the shell of Archivesica marissinica.

Archivesica marissinica is a dominant species inhabiting the Haima cold seep in the South China Sea. However, the composition, characterization and specific functions of conserved and unique shell matrix proteins (SMPs) in A. marissinica remain unknown.

Molecular identification of a novel antimicrobial peptide in giant Triton snail Charonia tritonis: mRNA profiles for tissues and its potential antibacterial activity.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play an important role in innate immunity against microorganisms. AMPs is an effective antibacterial agent, and the chances of causing pathogens to develop is very low. However, there is little information about AMPs in the giant Triton snail Charonia tritonis.

Transcriptome analysis of gene expression profiling from the deep sea in situ to the laboratory for the cold seep mussel Gigantidas haimaensis.

Background: The deep-sea mussel Gigantidas haimaensis is a representative species from the Haima cold seep ecosystem in the South China Sea that establishes endosymbiosis with chemotrophic bacteria. During long-term evolution, G. haimaensis has adapted well to the local environment of cold seeps.

Giant Triton Snail Macrophage-Expressed Gene 1 Protein Ct-Mpeg1: Molecular Identification, Expression Analysis, and Antimicrobial Activity.

Macrophage-expressed gene 1 proteins (Mpeg1/Perforin-2 (PRF2)) are a family of pore-forming proteins (PFPs) which can form pores and destroy the cell membrane of invading pathogens. However, little information is available regarding the function of Mpeg1 in the giant triton snail . In this study, a homolog of Mpeg1 () was identified in .

Molecular and Functional Characterization of a Novel Kunitz-Type Toxin-like Peptide in the Giant Triton Snail .

It has been reported that the giant triton snail () inserts its large proboscis and then injects venom or acid saliva from its salivary gland into its prey, the crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS), paralyzing it. A full-length cDNA sequence of the Ct-kunitzin gene was obtained by RACE PCR based on a transcriptomic database constructed by our laboratory (data not published), which contains an open reading frame (ORF) sequence with a length of 384 bp including a 1-32aa Kunitz domain. The Ct-kunitzin peptide was synthesized by solid-phase polypeptide methods according to its conserved amino acid sequence, with a molecular weight of 3746.

Corrigendum: Effects of scale worm parasitism on interactions between the symbiotic gill microbiome and gene regulation in deep sea mussel hosts.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.

Molecular and Functional Characterization of a Short-Type Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein, Ct-PGRP-S1 in the Giant Triton Snail .

Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) involved in host antibacterial responses, and their functions have been characterized in most invertebrate and vertebrate animals. However, little information is available regarding the potential function of PGRPs in the giant triton snail . In this study, a short-type PGRP gene (termed ) was identified in .

Effects of scale worm parasitism on interactions between the symbiotic gill microbiome and gene regulation in deep sea mussel hosts.

Diverse adaptations to the challenging deep sea environment are expected to be found across all deep sea organisms. Scale worms are believed to adapt to the deep sea environment by parasitizing deep sea mussels; this biotic interaction is one of most known in the deep sea chemosynthetic ecosystem. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of scale worm parasitism on hosts are unclear.

Proteome and Transcriptome Analysis of Gonads Reveals Intersex in Gigantidas haimaensis.

Sex has proven to be one of the most intriguing areas of research across evolution, development, and ecology. Intersex or sex change occurs frequently in molluscs. The deep-sea mussel Gigantidas haimaensis often dominates within Haima cold seep ecosystems, but details of their reproduction remain unknown.

Molecular cloning and functional characterization of KCNQ1 in shell biomineralisation of pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii.

KCNQ1, a voltage-gated potassium ion channel, plays an important role in various physiological processes, including osteoblast differentiation in higher animals. However, its function in lower invertebrates such as marine shellfish remains poorly understood. Pearl oysters, such as P.

The role of Smad1/5 in mantle immunity of the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii.

The Smad protein family is an important medium for transducing BMP-Smads signals, and which have been proved that their important role in regulating shell biomineralization in Pinctada fucata martensii in our previous study. The members of TGF-β superfamily were involved in innate immunity in vertebrates and invertebrates, and Smad regulatory networks construct a balanced immune system. However, little is known about the role of Smad1/5 in immunity in P.

Comparative Transcriptomic and Expression Profiles Between the Foot Muscle and Mantle Tissues in the Giant Triton Snail .

The giant triton snail (, an endangered gastropod species of ecological and economic importance, is widely distributed in coral reef ecosystems of the Indo-West Pacific region and the tropical waters of the South China Sea. Limited research on molecular mechanisms can be conducted because the complete genomic information on this species is unavailable. Hence, we performed transcriptome sequencing of the foot muscle and mantle using the Illumina HiSeq sequencing platform.

PacBio single molecule long-read sequencing provides insight into the complexity and diversity of the Pinctada fucata martensii transcriptome.

Background: The pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii is an economically valuable shellfish for seawater pearl production, and production of pearls depends on its growth. To date, the molecular mechanisms of the growth of this species remain poorly understood. The transcriptome sequencing has been considered to understanding of the complexity of mechanisms of the growth of P.

PfSMAD1/5 Can Interact with PfSMAD4 to Inhibit PfMSX to Regulate Shell Biomineralization in Pinctada fucata martensii.

The BMP2 signal transduced by SMAD1/5 plays an important role in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Shell formation of Pinctada fucata martensii is a typical biomineralization process that is similar to that of teeth/bone formation. However, whether the Pinctada fucata BMP2 (PfBMP2) signal transduced by PfSMAD1/5 occurs in P.

The role of a new insulin-like peptide in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii.

Pinctada fucata martensii, is an economically important marine bivalve species cultured for seawater pearls. At present, we know little about the molecular mechanisms of the insulin signalling pathway in this oyster. Herein, we cloned and analysed an insulin-like peptide (PfILP) and its signalling pathway-related genes.

Comparative transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of yellow shell and black shell pearl oysters, Pinctada fucata martensii.

Background: The pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii (Pfu.), widely cultured in the South China Sea, is a precious source of sea pearls and calcifying materials. A yellow shell variety of Pfu.

Transcriptome analysis of mantle tissues reveals potential biomineralization-related genes in Tectus pyramis Born.

The marine mollusk Tectus pyramis is a valuable shellfish primarily distributed in the tropical waters of the South China Sea, as well as in the Indo-Pacific Ocean and areas near the southern portion of the Japanese Peninsula. Despite major economic interest in this mollusk, limited genomic resources are available for this species, which has prevented studies of the molecular mechanism, such as biomineralization. Here, we report the first comprehensive transcript dataset of T.

Regulation of IL-17 by lncRNA of IRF-2 in the pearl oyster.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), once thought to be nonfunctional, have recently been shown to participate in the multilevel regulation of transcriptional, posttranscriptional and epigenetic modifications and to play important roles in various biological processes, including immune responses. However, the expression and roles of lncRNAs in invertebrates, especially nonmodel organisms, remain poorly understood. In this study, by comparing a transcriptome to the PfIRF-2 genomic structure, we identified lncIRF-2 in the PfIRF-2 genomic intron.

Molecular cloning and characterization of a putative mitogen-activated protein kinase (Erk1/2) gene: Involvement in mantle immunity of Pinctada fucata.

Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) are conserved and related with protein-serine/threonine kinases that participate in the regulation of multiple biological processes, such as cell survival, cell differentiation, proliferation, metabolism, and inflammation. However, little is known about the roles of this kinase in the pearl oyster. In this study, we cloned and identified an ERK homolog from Pinctada fucata (PfErk).

Proteome and Transcriptome Analysis of Ovary, Intersex Gonads, and Testis Reveals Potential Key Sex Reversal/Differentiation Genes and Mechanism in Scallop Chlamys nobilis.

Bivalve mollusks exhibit hermaphroditism and sex reversal/differentiation. Studies generally focus on transcriptional profiling and specific genes related to sex determination and differentiation. Few studies on sex reversal/differentiation have been reported.

Identification and analysis of an MKK4 homologue in response to the nucleus grafting operation and antigens in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata.

The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MKK4) is a key component of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway and regulates multiple cellular activities. However, little is known about the roles of this kinase in pearl oyster. In this study, we identified an MKK4 homologue in Pinctada fucata by using a transcriptome database.

Molecular identification of an insulin growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) and its potential role in an insulin-like peptide system of the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata.

Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) play critical roles in regulating metabolism, growth, and reproduction in invertebrates. IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) serve as major regulators of IGF activity and regulate endocrine system. In the present study, the full-length cDNA of an igfbp was identified from the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata, using expressed sequence tag (EST) sequence.

A PDGF/VEGF homologue provides new insights into the nucleus grafting operation and immune response in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata.

The platelet-derived growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor (PDGF/VEGF, PVF) family of proteins have been implicated in a wide range of biological functions in vertebrates, including cell proliferation, cell differentiation, cell migration, neural development and especially angiogenesis/vasculogenesis. In this study, a PVF gene, belonging to the PDGF/VEGF family, was cloned and characterized from Pinctada fucata. It contained an ORF of 1110bp encoding a putative protein of 369 amino acids.

Effect of ocean acidification on growth, calcification, and gene expression in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata.

In this study, shell growth, shell microstructure, and expression levels of shell matrix protein genes (aspein, n16, and nacrein) that play a key role in the CaCO crystal polymorphism (calcite and aragonite) of the shell were investigated in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata at pH 8.10, 7.70, and 7.

Characterization of the distal-less homologue gene, PfDlx, involved in regulating the expression of Pif in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata.

Distal-less (Dlx) homeobox transcription factors play an important role in regulating various aspects of vertebrate biology. In vertebrates and invertebrates, distal-less is a highly conserved and well-studied transcription factor. In pearl oyster, we have identified a homologue of this gene, Dlx, and cloned the full-length cDNA.