Comprehensive analysis of the metabolism of core microorganisms in polyphenolic compound formation during the acetic acid fermentation stage of millet vinegar.

Background: Polyphenolic compounds in millet vinegar are crucial functional substances, but the mechanisms underlying their formation and metabolism remain unclear. Acetic acid fermentation (AAF) represents the most active microbial metabolism stage and is pivotal for forming polyphenolic compounds. This study comprehensively analyzed the role of the microbiome in polyphenolic compound production and metabolism during AAF.

Ultrasonic-Microwave extraction of glucoside alkaloids from potato peel residue and its antibacterial activity.

A new extraction and bacteriostatic ability of glucoside alkaloids in potato peel. To make better use of glucoside alkaloids, this experiment adopted ultrasonic microwave combined extraction of glucoside alkaloids from potato peel; then, the extracts of potato peel were subjected to bacteriostatic assays. The optimum experimental condition of response surface method was that the solid-liquid ratio was 1:18.

Preparation of a multilayer antibacterial film and its application for controlling postharvest disease in temperate fruit (including apple, pear, and peach) under ambient storage.

The objective of this study was to provide formulation of a new multilayer antibacterial film and to investigate the optimal use concentration of chitosan and carboxymethyl cellulose in the range from 0.5% to 2%, as well as its application for controlling postharvest disease in temperate fruit (apple, pear, and peach). The multilayer antibacterial film used chitosan (CS) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as polysaccharide macromolecule, lemon essential oil (LEO) as active agent, and ε-polylysine (ε-PL) as the main antibacterial ingredient.

Organic acid, a virulence factor for pathogenic fungi, causing postharvest decay in fruits.

Decay due to fungal infection is a major cause of postharvest losses in fruits. Acidic fungi may enhance their virulence by locally reducing the pH of the host. Several devastating postharvest fungi, such as Penicillium spp.

Chlorine Dioxide Controls Green Mold Caused by in Citrus Fruits and the Mechanism Involved.

Green mold caused by is the main postharvest disease in citrus fruits. The goal of this study is to evaluate the antifungal activity of chlorine dioxide (ClO) against both in vivo and in vitro and to elucidate the underlying mechanism using flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that 200-1800 mg/L of ClO significantly inhibited the incidence of green mold on kumquats, mandarins, Peru's oranges, and grapefruits caused by Additionally, 200 mg/L of ClO significantly induced cell apoptosis of by increasing the fluorescence intensity of the mitochondrial membrane potential from 118 to 1225 and decreased the living cell rate from 96.

Analysis of flavor and taste attributes differences treated by chemical preservatives: a case study in strawberry fruits treated by 1-methylcyclopropene and chlorine dioxide.

Flavor and taste attributes of fruits varied by different preservatives treatments. Changes in sugars, organic acids, amino acids as well as volatiles of strawberries treated with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and/or chlorine dioxide (ClO) were evaluated during storage period in this study. Our results revealed that the decreases of tartaric acid, malic acid, citric acid, titratable acidity (TA), sucrose and soluble sugar contents were significantly inhibited by 1-MCP + ClO.

Sucrose transportation control mediates the fresh-keeping effects of burdock fructooligosaccharide in 'Crimson Seedless' grapes.

In 'Crimson Seedless' grapes, the appearance of senescence caused by abnormal dark red color, the loss of crisp taste caused by the decrease in firmness, and the fading of sweetness caused by the decrease in total soluble sugar (TSS) are the main problems affecting its edible qualities after storage. In the mesocarp, burdock fructooligosaccharide (BFO) restricted sucrose export; therefore, more carbohydrates were retained directly leading to higher TSS and sweetness, and cell osmotic pressure and firmness were retained indirectly. In the exocarp, BFO restricted sucrose import; therefore, the signal molecule sucrose was reduced and the senescence-related processes were inhibited.

Application of antagonist NCPSJ7 against in postharvest Red Globe grapes.

We investigated the effects and possible mechanisms of NCPSJ7 against the gray mold caused by in the postharvest Red Globe grapes. The disease incidence, lesion diameter, decay index, and some resistance-related enzymes were evaluated. The antioxidant capacity of grape treated with 1 × 10 CFU/ml alone and combined with 1 × 10 CFU/ml NCPSJ7 was also determined.

Effect of chlorine dioxide (ClO ) on patulin produced by Penicillum expansum and involved mechanism.

Background: Patulin, produced by Penicillium expansum in apple fruit, has side effects affecting human and animal health. The effect of chlorine dioxide (ClO ) on patulin production, and the mechanisms involved in this, were investigated.

Results: Patulin production by P.

Chlorine dioxide fumigation generated by a solid releasing agent enhanced the efficiency of 1-MCP treatment on the storage quality of strawberry.

The effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and chlorine dioxide (ClO) on fruit quality during storage was investigated. Strawberries were treated with 1-MCP alone or in combination with ClO gas generated by a releasing agent, and the quality, fruit decay, microbial inhibition, and enzyme activities [polyphenol oxidase (PPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL)] at 4 °C were measured for 16 days. 1-MCP alone could maintain the fruit quality during storage but had little effect on microbial growth, resulting in quick decay during storage.

Ethylene inhibited sprouting of potato tubers by influencing the carbohydrate metabolism pathway.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ethylene to control sprouting of potatoes by observing the effect of exogenous ethylene on carbohydrate metabolism and key enzymes. The initial time of potato tuber sprouting and sprouting index were recorded, and rate of respiration, total sugar, total reducing sugar, starch, fructose, glucose, sucrose and the activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), sucrose synthase (SS), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), starch phosphorylase and amylase during sprouting were measured. Exogenous ethylene inhibited sprouting of potato tubers.

Ionic liquid-based ultrasound-assisted extraction of fangchinoline and tetrandrine from Stephaniae tetrandrae.

An ionic liquid-based ultrasound-assisted extraction method has been developed for the effective extraction of fangchinoline and tetrandrine from Stephaniae tetrandrae. The effects of some ultrasound-assisted extraction parameters including the concentration of [BMIM][BF(4)], pH, ultrasonic power and time were investigated to optimize the ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions. Compared to the regular ultrasound-assisted extraction and traditional refluent extraction, the proposed [BMIM][BF(4)]-based ultrasound-assisted extraction offered shorter extraction times (from 6 h to 40 min) and remarkable higher efficiencies (approximately 30% improved), which supported the suitability of the proposed approach.

In vitro antioxidant activities of five cultivars of daylily flowers from China.

Different cultivars of functional vegetables may vary in an antioxidant capacity. In this study, the antioxidant activity of methanol extracts from five cultivars of daylily flower grown in China was compared by various antioxidant assays, including total antioxidant activity, free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging and reducing power, the various antioxidant activities were compared to standard antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole and ascorbic acid. All the extracts showed strong antioxidant activity in all tested methods.