Extended retrospective detection of regenerated sarin (GB) in rabbit blood and the IMPA metabolite in urine: a pharmacokinetics study.

Long-term retrospective monitoring of exposure to organophosphorus nerve agents is challenging. We recently developed two highly sensitive analytical methods for regenerated sarin (GB) nerve agent in blood and its primary metabolite, isopropyl-methylphosphonic acid (IMPA), in urine. These methods were implemented in a toxicokinetics study carried out with sarin injected (i.

Retrospective determination of regenerated nerve agent sarin in human blood by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and in vivo implementation in rabbit.

The highly toxic nerve agent sarin (o-isopropyl methyl-phosphonofluoridate, GB) has been used in several armed conflicts and terror attacks in recent decades. Due to its inherent high sensitivity, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has the potential to detect ultratrace levels of fluoride-regenerated G and V agents after appropriate chemical derivatization. A new method for the retrospective determination of exposure to sarin was developed.

Identification of G-nerve agents at picogram levels from complex organic samples containing hydrocarbon interferences by aqueous extraction, followed by derivatization and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis.

The chromatograms obtained from the gas chromatography-electron ionization mass spectrometric (GC-EI-MS) analysis of extracts containing G-nerve agents in the presence of diesel, gasoline, etc., are dominated by hydrocarbon backgrounds that "mask" the G-nerve agents, leading to severe difficulties in identification. This paper presents a practical solution for this challenge by transferring the G-nerve agents from the organic phase into the aqueous phase using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), followed by derivatization with 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenol (2-DMAMP), allowing ultrasensitive LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of the G-derivatives.

Aqueous extraction followed by derivatization and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis: A unique strategy for trace detection and identification of G-nerve agents in environmental matrices.

A highly sensitive method for the detection and identification of sarin (GB), soman (GD) and cyclosarin (GF) chemical warfare agents (CWAs) in environmental outdoor and indoor matrices such as soil, asphalt, linoleum, formica, concrete and cloth was developed. The method incorporates derivatization of the G-type nerve agent extracts with 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenol (2-DMAMP), followed by LC-ESI(+)-MS/MS analysis. Four LC-amenable extraction solvents were explored in terms of their extraction efficiency and the reaction rate of the derivatizing agent.

Determination of trace amounts of G-type nerve agents in aqueous samples utilizing "in vial" instantaneous derivatization and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

A methodology for sensitive determination of sarin (GB), soman (GD) and cyclosarin (GF) chemical warfare agents in aqueous media was developed. The method incorporates direct derivatization with 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenol (2-DMAMP), a commercially available, water-soluble reagent, followed by LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis in the positive ion mode. Five derivatization agents were characterized for their MS/MS fragmentation pattern, and their reaction time, temperature and derivatization-reagent amount were optimized.