UPLC-HDMS revealed numerous novel compounds in soybean crude oil.

Soybean crude oils (SCO) were detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high-definition mass spectrometry (UPLC-HDMS) for discovering novel compounds. Numerous chromatographic peaks in ESI and ESI modes showed that SCO was rich in numerous compounds. A total of 215 potential compounds with accurate mass-to-charge ratio, MSMS spectrum and CCS value were detected in SCOs.

Proton beam therapy for craniopharyngioma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Craniopharyngioma is a rare and slow-growing benign sellar or parasellar epithelial tumor. The number of patients receiving proton beam therapy (PBT) has increased. This study aimed to systematically evaluate and analyze the comprehensive evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of PBT for craniopharyngioma.

Identification of Potential Biomarkers in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Based on Proteomics.

Background: To identify biomarkers of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and explore the possible pathogenic mechanism.

Methods: This study included five patients with PTC. Protein expression of cancer tissues and adjacent normal thyroid tissues from each patient were analyzed by TMT proteomics technology.

Highly Defective Zirconium-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for the Efficient Adsorption and Detection of Sugar Phosphates in the Biological Sample.

Enrichment and quantification of sugar phosphates (SPx) in biological samples were of great significance in biological medicine. In this work, a series of zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with different degrees of defects, namely, HP-UiO-66-NH-, were synthesized using acetic acid as a modulator and were utilized as high-capacity adsorbents for the adsorption of SPx in biological samples. The results indicated that the addition of acetic acid altered the morphology of HP-UiO-66-NH-, with corresponding changes in pore size (3.

Microbial community diversity and potential functionality in response to dam construction along the Three Gorge Reservoir, China.

River and reservoir bacterial communities are the most basic part of river biomes and ecosystem structure, and play an important role in river biological processes. Yet, it remains unclear how highly regulated dam reservoirs affect both soil and sediment bacterial communities. A temporal distribution pattern of bacterial communities was investigated using Illumina MiSeq sequencing in a transition section of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR).

How to Keep the Balance between Red and Processed Meat Intake and Physical Activity Regarding Mortality: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.

Background: Non-communicable diseases have become a major threat to public health, with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and cancer being the top two causes of death each year.

Objective: Our objective is to evaluate the balanced association between the effect of red and processed meat intake on the risk of death and the effect of physical activity on the risk of mortality, where the risk of death includes all causes, CVDs, and cancers.

Methods: We searched electronic databases, including PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, for prospective studies reporting risk estimates for the association between the intake of red and processed meat, walking, and muscle-strengthening activity (MSA) and the risk of mortality from all causes, CVDs, and cancer.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of 90 cohort studies of social isolation, loneliness and mortality.

The associations between social isolation, loneliness and the risk of mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer are controversial. We systematically reviewed prospective studies on the association between social isolation, loneliness and mortality outcomes in adults aged 18 years or older, as well as studies on these relationships in individuals with CVD or cancer, and conducted a meta-analysis. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (reg.

Inhibition of MAOB Ameliorated High-Fat-Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting Endothelial Dysfunction and Modulating Gut Microbiota.

In this study, monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) was activated under pathological conditions, and was the novel source of cardiovascular reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS-induced endothelial dysfunction results in sustained and chronic vascular inflammation, which is central to atherosclerotic diseases. However, whether MAOB regulates endothelial oxidative stress and its related mechanism and whether gut microbiota mediates the anti-atherosclerosis effect of MAOB inhibitor remains unclear.

Correction: Marginal zinc deficiency alters the heart proteome of rats.

Correction for 'Marginal zinc deficiency alters the heart proteome of rats' by Yongzhi Sun , , 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2fo03815c.

Genomic decoding of breeding history to guide breeding-by-design in rice.

Deciphering the intrinsic molecular logic of empirical crop breeding from a genomic perspective is a decisive prerequisite for breeding-by-design (BbD), but remains not well established. Here, we decoded the historical features of past rice breeding by phenotyping and haplotyping 546 accessions covering the majority of cultivars bred in the history of Northeast China (NEC). We revealed that three groups founded the genetic diversities in NEC rice with distinct evolution patterns and traced and verified the breeding footprints to known or genome-wide association study (GWAS)-detected quantitative trait loci (QTLs), or introgressions from sub-species with chronological changes in allele frequencies.

Marginal zinc deficiency alters the heart proteome of rats.

Zinc deficiency is closely related to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), but the effects of marginal zinc deficiency (MZD) after birth on the heart are unknown. In this study, 4-week-old male rats were fed a low zinc diet (10 mg kg, 1/3 recommended nutrient intake, RNI) for 8 weeks. Echocardiography and histopathology were performed to assess the functional and morphological alterations of the heart.

Global burden of type 2 diabetes in adolescents and young adults, 1990-2019: systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Objective: To estimate the global burden of type 2 diabetes in adolescents and young adults (aged 15-39 years) from 1990 to 2019.

Design: Systematic analysis.

Data Source: Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Zinc and COVID-19: Immunity, Susceptibility, Severity and Intervention.

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and continuing emergence of viral mutants, there has been a lack of effective treatment methods. Zinc maintains immune function, with direct and indirect antiviral activities. Zinc nutritional status is a critical factor in antiviral immune responses.

Effects of marginal zinc deficiency on learning and memory ability after birth.

Zinc deficiency during pregnancy and severe zinc deficiency after birth both impaired learning and memory ability, but the effects of marginal zinc deficiency (MZD) after birth on learning and memory are unclear. In the first experiment, 4-week-old male rats were randomly divided into three groups: the marginal zinc-deficient group (MZG, 10 mg kg, 1/3 RNI), normal zinc group (NZG, 30 mg kg, RNI), and paired zinc group (PZG, 30 mg kg). After a 4-week feeding period, the brain weight, brain coefficient, and serum zinc concentration were measured, and hippocampal proteomics analysis was performed.

Effect of Isomaltulose on Glycemic and Insulinemic Responses: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Evidence regarding the effect of isomaltulose on glycemic and insulinemic responses is still conflicting, which limits isomaltulose's application in glycemic management. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively evaluate its effectiveness and evidence quality. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) prior to October 2021.

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Six Fatty Acid Amides in 11 Edible Vegetable Oils Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.

Fatty acid amides (FAAs) are endogenous lipid molecules that exhibit various physiological activities. FAAs are usually present at nanomolar levels in biological samples. In this study, a method for the qualitative and quantitative determination of six FAAs (linoleamide, linoleoyl ethanolamide, oleoyl ethanolamide, palmitic amide, oleamide, and octadecanamide) in edible vegetable oils was established.

Effect of dewatering conditioners on phosphorus removal efficiency of sludge biochar.

Based on the best dehydration effect, this study compared the adsorption phosphorus effect of sludge biochar after sludge conditioning with FeCl, KMnO, and cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM). This provided insights into the effects of chemical conditioning during the sludge dewatering stage on the overall phosphate adsorption of the dewatered sludge biochar. The phosphorus adsorption mechanism of the dewatering sludge biochar was analysed by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.

Downregulated fat mass and obesity-associated protein inhibits bone resorption and osteoclastogenesis by nuclear factor-kappa B inactivation.

During osteoporosis, fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) promotes the shift of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to adipocytes and represses osteoblast activity. However, the role and mechanisms of FTO on osteoclast formation and bone resorption remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of FTO on RAW264.

Integrated multi-omics uncovers reliable potential biomarkers and adverse effects of zinc deficiency.

Background: Zinc deficiency is a worldwide public health problem. Currently, there are no established biomarkers available for the accurate diagnosis of zinc-deficiency in individuals. Additionally, a comprehensive view of the adverse effects of zinc deficiency is lacking.

High-Throughput Metabolomics for Discovering Potential Biomarkers and Identifying Metabolic Mechanisms in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an aging-related neurodegenerative disease. We aimed to investigate the metabolic mechanisms of aging and AD and to identify potential biomarkers for the early screening of AD in a natural aging population. To analyze the plasma metabolites related to aging, we conducted an untargeted metabolomics analysis using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in a two-stage cross-sectional study.

Discrimination of heating and frying vegetable oils based on UPLC/Q-TOF MSMS and chemometrics.

Fried foods have potential adverse effects on health. However, the compounds produced during the process of frying in different vegetable oils are unknown. In this work, ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Q-TOF MSMS) and chemical pattern recognition analysis was first conducted to analyze the changes in compounds in 8 different vegetable oils before and after thin-layer heating (without food) and to reveal the potential markers of oil used for deep-frying food.

Fecal g. Streptococcus and g. Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group combined with sphingosine to modulate the serum dyslipidemia in high-fat diet mice.

Background & Aims: Although high-fat diet (HFD) could impact the composition of fecal microbiome and their metabolites, it is still largely unknown which fecal bacteria and metabolites are relatively important in responding to the HFD. This study aimed to identify the crucial fecal bacteria and metabolites in the HFD mice using a microbial-metabolite network, and to investigate the synergistic mediation effect of the crucial fecal bacteria and metabolites on serum dyslipidemia induced by the HFD.

Methods: The 16srDNA sequencing and the ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC/TOF MSMS) platform were performed to characterize the composition and function of fecal microbiome, and metabolites in the HFD.

An isocaloric moderately high-fat diet extends lifespan in male rats and Drosophila.

The health effect of dietary fat has been one of the most vexing issues in the field of nutrition. Few animal studies have examined the impact of high-fat diets on lifespan by controlling energy intake. In this study, we found that compared to a normal diet, an isocaloric moderately high-fat diet (IHF) significantly prolonged lifespan by decreasing the profiles of free fatty acids (FFAs) in serum and multiple tissues via downregulating FFA anabolism and upregulating catabolism pathways in rats and flies.

Serum biomarkers of the calcium-deficient rats identified by metabolomics based on UPLC/Q-TOF MS/MS.

Background: We previously identified the urinary biomarkers to diagnose calcium deficiency and nutritional rickets by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF MS/MS). To find biomarkers of calcium deficiency and further confirm these biomarkers in serum, we performed serum metabolomics analysis of calcium-deficient rats.

Methods: A calcium-deficient rat model was established with a low-calcium diet for 12 weeks.