Explosive eye injuries: characteristics, traumatic mechanisms, and prognostic factors for poor visual outcomes.

Background: Explosions can produce blast waves, high-speed medium, thermal radiation, and chemical spatter, leading to complex and compound eye injuries. However, few studies have comprehensively investigated the clinical features of different eye injury types or possible risk factors for poor prognosis.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all consecutive records of explosive eye injuries (1449 eyes in 1115 inpatients) in 14 tertiary referral hospitals in China over 12 years (between January 2008 and December 2019).

Predictive model and risk analysis for diabetic retinopathy using machine learning: a retrospective cohort study in China.

Objective: Aiming to investigate diabetic retinopathy (DR) risk factors and predictive models by machine learning using a large sample dataset.

Design: Retrospective study based on a large sample and a high dimensional database.

Setting: A Chinese central tertiary hospital in Beijing.

An online diabetic retinopathy screening tool for patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aim: To develop a useful diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening tool for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A DR prediction model based on the Logistic regression algorithm was established on the development dataset containing 778 samples (randomly assigned to the training dataset and the internal validation dataset at a ratio of 7:3). The generalization capability of the model was assessed using an external validation dataset containing 128 samples.

Protective Effects of Anthocyanins Extracted from Vaccinium Uliginosum on 661W Cells Against Microwave-Induced Retinal Damage.

Objective: To study the protective effect of anthocyanins extracted from Vaccinium Uliginosum (VU) on retinal 661W cells against microwave radiation induced retinal injury.

Methods: 661W cells were divided into 6 groups, including control, model [661W cells radiated by microwave (30 mW/cm, 1 h)] and VU groups [661W cells pretreated with anthocyanins extracted from VU (25, 50, 100 and 200 µg/mL, respectively) for 48 h, and radiated by microwave 30 mW/cm, 1 h]. After treatment with different interventions, the cell apoptosis index (AI) was determined using Heochst staining; contents of malonaldehyde (MDA), glutataione (GSH), and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured.

Is diabetic retinopathy affected by diabetes type? A retrospective study using electronic medical record data from patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes.

Aims: To determine whether the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its related factors are affected by diabetes type (latent autoimmune diabetes in adults [LADA], type 1 diabetes mellitus [T1DM], type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM]).

Methods: LADA patients were matched for age (± 2 years) and sex to T1DM (1:1) and T2DM (1:2) patients. Retrieved variables included demographic characteristics, diabetes history, laboratory test findings, and history of DR screening, etc.

Ag@TiO Nanoprisms with Highly Efficient Near-Infrared Photothermal Conversion for Melanoma Therapy.

Melanoma is a primary reason of death from skin cancer and associated with high lethality. Photothermal therapy (PTT) has been developed into a powerful cancer treatment technique in recent years. Here, we created a low-cost and high-performance PTT agent, Ag@TiO NPs, which possesses a high photothermal conversion efficiency of ≈65 % and strong near-infrared (NIR) absorption about 808 nm.

A novel GPR143 mutation in a Chinese family with X‑linked ocular albinism type 1.

Ocular albinism type 1 (OA1) is a genetic disorder characterized by reduced eye pigmentation and nystagmus, which is often accompanied by decreased visual acuity, strabismus and other symptoms, whereas skin and hair color remain normal. The present study aimed to assess the clinical features and perform genotype analysis of a family with OA1, and to determine the disease‑causing mutation. A total of 18 family members (nine affected patients and nine normal subjects) from Hainan, China, were recruited to the present study in December 2017.

A new perspective for analyzing clinical characteristics of idiopathic retinal vasculitis, aneurysms, and neuroretinitis syndrome.

Purpose: We aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of idiopathic retinal vasculitis, aneurysms, and neuroretinitis (IRVAN) syndrome. Furthermore, we aimed to correlate the number and location of retinal aneurysms with the size of retinal non-perfusion area and neovascularization.

Methods: Six patients with IRVAN syndrome (1 male and 5 females, age 5-38 years) were enrolled in this study.

Research Advances in Biomarkers for Demyelinating Optic Neuritis.

Optic neuritis refers to all inflammatory diseases in the optic nerve. The most common type is demyelinating optic neuritis. Biomarkers can indicate its pathophysiological process and thus are useful in disease diagnosis and treatment.

Removal of the eye in a tertiary care center of China: a retrospective study on 573 cases in 20 years.

Aim: To investigate the original protopathy, direct indications, clinical characteristics, complications of orbit plants and visual conditions of eye enucleation/evisceration.

Methods: A retrospective study of 573 eyes removed (573 inpatients) at Ophthalmology Department in a tertiary care center of China from January 1993 to December 2012 was completed.

Results: Cases underwent removal of the eye accounted for 2.

Sirtuin 1 regulates lipid metabolism associated with optic nerve regeneration.

Injury to the optic nerve may lead to axonal degeneration, followed by the gradual death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which results in irreversible vision loss. In the present study the mechanism of optic nerve injury, and the following regeneration and repair processes associated with sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)‑regulated lipid metabolism were analyzed. In addition, the treatment of optic nerve injury using resveratrol was investigated.

Nuclear respiratory factor-2α and adenosine triphosphate synapses in rat primary cortical neuron cultures: The key role of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase.

Nuclear respiratory factor‑2α (NRF‑2α) is an important transcription factor that regulates mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and regeneration. NRF‑2α regulates mitochondrial transcription factors (mTF)A and B, and mitochondrial DNA by indirectly regulating the mitochondrial respiratory enzyme chain subunit. In addition, NRF‑2α is involved in the mitochondrial energy metabolism.

Correlation of in vivo and in vitro methods in measuring choroidal vascularization volumes using a subretinal injection induced choroidal neovascularization model.

Background: In vivo quantification of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) based on noninvasive optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination and in vitro choroidal flatmount immunohistochemistry stained of CNV currently were used to evaluate the process and severity of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) both in human and animal studies. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between these two methods in murine CNV models induced by subretinal injection.

Methods: CNV was developed in 20 C57BL6/j mice by subretinal injection of adeno-associated viral delivery of a short hairpin RNA targeting sFLT-1 (AAV.

Clinical features and differential diagnosis of acute idiopathic blind spot enlargement syndrome.

Purpose: To study the clinical manifestations and the diagnostic and differential diagnostic characteristics of acute idiopathic blind spot enlargement syndrome (AIBSES).

Methods: Six patients diagnosed with AIBSES underwent complete eye examinations including fundus photography, fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), electroretinogram (ERG), and visual field examinations.

Results: All patients had enlarged blind spots of variable sizes and densities.

Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer changes in preclinical diabetic retinopathy: a meta-analysis.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is a microvascular neurodegenerative disorder in diabetic patients. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer changes have been described in patients with preclinical diabetic retinopathy, but study results have been inconsistent.

Objective: To assess changes in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in diabetic patients with preclinical diabetic retinopathy.

Role of lutein supplementation in the management of age-related macular degeneration: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: The conduct of this meta-analysis aimed at examining the individual role of lutein as a dietary supplement in improving conditions of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) from the data generated from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Method: The literature search was made in multiple electronic databases. Eligibility criteria were RCTs that recruited AMD patients or individuals at risk and evaluated lutein supplementation efficacy against placebo.

The involvement of high mobility group 1 cytokine and phospholipases A2 in diabetic retinopathy.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy, the main microvascular complications of diabetes and one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. Interesting reports on the role of inflammatory/proangiogenic high mobility group 1 (HMGB-1) cytokine and phospholipases A2 (PLA2) in neovascularization have diverted our concentration to reveal whether HMGB-1 and PLA2 plays role in diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: We performed our study in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model.

Early spatiotemporal characterization of microglial activation in the retinas of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.

Background: Microglial activation has been recognized as a neuropathological feature in diabetic retinopathy. But the early spatiotemporal characterization of microglial activation in the retina and the optic nerve of diabetic animals has not been fully investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate early sequential changes of microglia in the retinas of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.

Evaluation of the safety of sclerotomy incision in patients with choroidal colobomas with/without associated microcornea.

Purpose: Whether the position of the ora serrata is normal in patients with choroidal colobomas remains unknown. The aim of this study was to measure the distance between the ora serrata and limbus in these patients and define safe sclerotomy sites for standard three-port pars plana vitrectomy.

Methods: Twelve patients with choroidal colobomas with normal corneas (Group 1) and 11 patients with choroidal colobomas with microcornea (Group 2) were included in the study.

When case report became case series: 45 cases of late traumatic flap complications after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis and review of Chinese literature.

Objective: To report 45 cases of late traumatic flap complications after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and discuss the continually increasing number of cases in China.

Methods: A multicentre retrospective survey of eye injuries was carried in 31 military hospitals from January 2006 to December 2011. Detailed information from the medical records of all 92 cases with a history of prior LASIK treatment were collected and summarised, with respect to visual acuity (VA), flap condition, treatment and final outcome.

The morphological features and mitochondrial oxidative stress mechanism of the retinal neurons apoptosis in early diabetic rats.

This paper aims to explore the relationship of retinal neuron apoptosis and manganese superoxidase dismutase (MnSOD) at early phase of diabetic retinopathy. Sprague-Dawley rats were grouped into normal controls and diabetics. Data were collected after 4, 8, and 12 weeks (n = 12).

A new classification for epidemiological study of mechanical eye injuries.

Objective: Considering the difficulty in classifying some cases with eye trauma by Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology (BETT) in our epidemiological study, we introduce a new classification for epidemiological study of mechanical eye injuries based on BETT.

Methods: A retrospective investigation was carried out in 31 hospitals from January 2005 to December 2010. All medical records of inpatients with eye injuries were reviewed.

Association between complement factor H Val62Ile polymorphism and age-related macular degeneration susceptibility: a meta-analysis.

Background: An increasing body of studies has assessed the contribution of Val62Ile polymorphism to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) risk, but the exact association still remains uncertain. This meta-analysis was undertaken in order to further characterize the potential association between Val62Ile polymorphism and AMD risk in four different ethnic populations.

Methods: A meta-analysis was performed using data available from 16 case-control studies evaluating correlation between the Val62Ile polymorphism and AMD in Caucasian, Chinese, Japanese and South Korean populations.

Complement factor B polymorphism (rs641153) and susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration: evidence from published studies.

Aim: To determine whether single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs641153 is associated with the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), we performed a systematic meta-analysis of 15 eligible studies. SNP in the complement factor B (CFB) gene is considered to have significant association with AMD susceptibility, but there is great discrepancy in these results.

Methods: The eligible studies were identified by searching the databases of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science.

Comparative study of modified and conventional secondary hydroxyapatite orbital implantations.

Aim: To compare the clinical effects of the modified and conventional secondary hydroxyapatite orbital implantations.

Methods: A total of 40 patients who had received eye enucleation were equally randomized into the modified and conventional groups. Twenty patients were treated by conventional method.