Large-scale genomic and phenomic analyses of modern cultivars empower future rice breeding design.

Modern cultivated rice plays a pivotal role in global food security. China accounts for nearly 30% of the world's rice production and has bred numerous cultivated varieties over the last decades that are well adapted to diverse growing regions. However, the genomic bases that underlie the phenotypes of modern cultivars are poorly characterized, limiting access to this vast resource for breeding of specialized, regionally adapted cultivars.

Revolutionizing diagnosis of pulmonary based on CT: a systematic review of imaging analysis through deep learning.

Introduction: The mortality rate associated with (MTB) has seen a significant rise in regions heavily affected by the disease over the past few decades. The traditional methods for diagnosing and differentiating tuberculosis (TB) remain thorny issues, particularly in areas with a high TB epidemic and inadequate resources. Processing numerous images can be time-consuming and tedious.

Overall and subgroup prevalence of self-reported asthma in US adults: a nationally representative cross-sectional study.

Background: The purpose of this study is to determine the variations in the prevalence of self-reported asthma among the adult population in the United States of America (USA), analyzing demographic characteristics, physical indicators, living habits, and sarcopenia.

Methods: 10,566 participants from the 2009 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of the USA who were 20 years of age or older and not pregnant were included in the study.

Results: The prevalence of patients with asthma varies by age, gender, and race.

Response of dissolved inorganic carbon dynamics to simulated tidal hydrological processes in coastal wetlands.

To clarify the impacts of tidal hydrological process shifts caused by sea level rise on the blue carbon cycle, a typical coastal wetland in Jiaozhou Bay was selected for this study. The soils of Suaeda salsa (SS) and Phragmites australis (PA) wetlands were collected to simulate the effects of three types of tidal hydrological processes (Neap tide group, NT; Middle tide group, MT; Spring tide group, ST) on the soil-water dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) dynamic. The results showed that the concentration of water dissolved inorganic carbon (WDIC) increased rapidly (115% higher) at early stage (days 0-4) under the influence of the tidal hydrological processes.

An AIEE-active Triphenylethylene Derivative with Photoresponsive Character for Latent Fingerprints Detection via a Simple Soaking Method.

Latent fingerprints (LFPs) is one of the most important physical evidence in the criminal scene, playing an important role in forensic investigations. Therefore, developing highly sensitive and convenient materials for the visualization of LFPs is of great significance. We designed and synthesized an organic fluorescent molecule TP-PH with aggregation-induced enhanced emission (AIEE) activity.

Development and validation of a novel anoikis-related gene signature in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Despite numerous treatments available, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains a deadly and invasive cancer. Anoikis-related genes (ARGs) are essential regulators of tumor metastasis and development. However, the potential roles of ARGs in ccRCC remain unclear.

TokenCut: Segmenting Objects in Images and Videos With Self-Supervised Transformer and Normalized Cut.

In this paper, we describe a graph-based algorithm that uses the features obtained by a self-supervised transformer to detect and segment salient objects in images and videos. With this approach, the image patches that compose an image or video are organised into a fully connected graph, in which the edge between each pair of patches is labeled with a similarity score based on the features learned by the transformer. Detection and segmentation of salient objects can then be formulated as a graph-cut problem and solved using the classical Normalized Cut algorithm.

The effect of triethylamine on dye-sensitized upconversion luminescence and its application in nanoprobes and photostability.

Triethylamine (TEA) is an effective medium for inhibiting dye aggregation and improving the luminescence of dye-sensitized lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). However, excessive TEA will cause quenching of upconversion luminescence. In this paper, the possible mechanism of TEA affecting upconversion luminescence is discussed.

Proteomics mining of cancer hallmarks on a single-cell resolution.

Dysregulated proteome is an essential contributor in carcinogenesis. Protein fluctuations fuel the progression of malignant transformation, such as uncontrolled proliferation, metastasis, and chemo/radiotherapy resistance, which severely impair therapeutic effectiveness and cause disease recurrence and eventually mortality among cancer patients. Cellular heterogeneity is widely observed in cancer and numerous cell subtypes have been characterized that greatly influence cancer progression.

Overexpression of MYB-like transcription factor SiMYB30 from foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) confers tolerance to low nitrogen stress in transgenic rice.

Nitrogen fertilizers significantly increase crop yield; however, the negative impact of excessive nitrogen use on the environment and soil requires urgent attention. Improving crop nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is crucial to increase yields and protect the environment. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.

Identification and analysis of the genetic integrity of different types of rice resources through SSR markers.

Seed aging is the key factor leading to the loss of genetic integrity. In this study, the seeds of Dongxiang wild rice, Xianggu, 9194 and Nipponbare were kept in a plant incubator with constant temperature and humidity for artificial aging treatment. The genetic integrity of germplasm resources with different germination gradients were analyzed using 44 SSR markers.

Improving the accuracy of nonpoint-source pollution estimates in inland waters with coupled satellite-UAV data.

Quantitatively and accurately analyzing nonpoint-source (NPS) pollution is essential for efficiently preventing the input of NPS loads into inland waters. However, the accuracy of previous NPS pollution models is limited by the accuracy of ground parameter data. In addition, there are few effective methods that thoroughly verify modeling results at large scales.

Identification of QTL under Brassinosteroid-Combined Cold Treatment at Seedling Stage in Rice Using Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS).

Cold stress is a major threat to the sustainability of rice yield. Brassinosteroids (BR) application can enhance cold tolerance in rice. However, the regulatory mechanism related to cold tolerance and the BR signaling pathway in rice has not been clarified.

Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping Analysis for Cold Tolerance Under Cold Stress and Brassinosteroid-Combined Cold Treatment at Germination and Bud Burst Stages in Rice.

Low temperature is one of the major abiotic stresses limiting seed germination and early seedling growth in rice. Brassinosteroid (BR) application can improve cold tolerance in rice. However, the regulatory relationship between cold tolerance and BR in rice remains undefined.

Genomic insights on the contribution of introgressions from Xian/Indica to the genetic improvement of Geng/Japonica rice cultivars.

Hybridization between Xian/indica (XI) and Geng/japonica (GJ) rice combined with utilization of plant ideotypes has greatly contributed to yield improvements in modern GJ rice in China over the past 50 years. To explore the genomic basis of improved yield and disease resistance in GJ rice, we conducted a large-scale genomic landscape analysis of 816 elite GJ cultivars representing multiple eras of germplasm from China. We detected consistently increasing introgressions from three XI subpopulations into GJ cultivars since the 1980s and found that the XI genome introgressions significantly increased the grain number per panicle (GN) and decreased the panicle number per plant.

Immunometabolic rewiring in tumorigenesis and anti-tumor immunotherapy.

Cellular metabolism constitutes a fundamental process in biology. During tumor initiation and progression, each cellular component in the cancerous niche undergoes dramatic metabolic reprogramming, adapting to a challenging microenvironment of hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, and other stresses. While the metabolic hallmarks of cancer have been extensively studied, the metabolic states of the immune cells are less well elucidated.

Accumulation and cross-linkage of β-1,3/1,6-glucan lead to loss of basal stipe cell wall extensibility in mushroom Coprinopsis cinerea.

The mature basal stipe of mushroom Coprinopsis cinerea loses wall extensibility. We found that an endo-β-1,3-glucanase ENG from C. cinerea could restore mature basal stipe wall extensibility via pretreatment such that the ENG-pretreated basal stipe walls could be induced to extend by chitinase ChiIII.

Clinical Study of Three-Dimensional Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy for the Treatment of Highly Complex Renal Tumors with RENAL Nephrometry Scores of ≥10 Points.

Aims: To examine the safety and feasibility of three-dimensional (3-D) laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for clinically complex renal tumors.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 76 patients who underwent a 3-D ( = 42; age, 54.6 ± 12.

Brief Relaxation Practice Induces Significantly More Prefrontal Cortex Activation during Arithmetic Tasks Comparing to Viewing Greenery Images as Revealed by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS).

Background: There is little understanding on how brief relaxation practice and viewing greenery images would affect brain responses during cognitive tasks. In the present study, we examined the variation in brain activation of the prefrontal cortex during arithmetic tasks before and after viewing greenery images, brief relaxation practice, and control task using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).

Method: This randomized controlled study examined the activation patterns of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in three groups of research participants who were exposed to viewing greenery images ( = 10), brief relaxation practice ( = 10), and control task ( = 11).

Ecological indication based on source, content, and structure characteristics of dissolved organic matter in surface sediment from Dagu River estuary, China.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) controls the fate of a variety of nutrients and trace metals in river estuary systems. The aim of our study is to explore the sources, structure characteristics of sediment DOM, and potential ecological release risk (heavy metal, N and P) under the environmental conditions of Dagu River estuary. The relative contribution of DOM source was calculated by carbon stable isotope (combining δC and C/N ratios).