An Assessment of Trends in HIV-1 Prevalence and Incidence and Spatio-Temporal Analyses of HIV-1 Recent Infection Among MSM During the Surveillance Period Between 2018 and 2022 in Sichuan, China.

Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) is one main type of high-risk activities facilitating HIV-1 transmission in Sichuan province. Previous works on HIV-1 incidence and prevalence among MSM only concentrated before 2018, the situation after that is unknown. In addition, the distribution of hot-spots related to current HIV-1 epidemic is also rarely known among MSM in Sichuan.

Stereotactic Aspiration Acts as an Effective Treatment for Malignant Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction.

Objective: This study seeks to explore the efficacy and prognosis of stereotactic aspiration for malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (mMCAI).

Methods: A total of 50 mMCAI patients who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2018 to June 2020 were collected and then randomly divided into control group (decompressive craniectomy,  = 24) and study group (stereotactic aspiration,  = 26). After 1 and 6 months of treatment, the scores of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Barthel Index, and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Improved Cerebral Infarction via Transferring miR-23a-3p to Activate Microglia.

Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosome (MSCs-exo) is a potential method for cerebral infarction (CI) treatment. Here, western blot and qRT-PCR were carried out to measure the expression of proteins and genes, respectively. Modified neurological severity score and TTC staining were used to evaluate the brain injury of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats.

Prevalence and Molecular Epidemiology of Transmitted Drug Resistance and Genetic Transmission Networks Among Newly Diagnosed People Living With HIV/AIDS in a Minority Area, China.

Transmitted drug resistance (TDR) can compromise antiretroviral therapy (ART) efficacy. We aimed to understand the molecular epidemiology of TDR and its genetic transmission networks among newly diagnosed people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH). A total of 1,318 newly diagnosed PLWH, identified in all population-based HIV screening in an HIV-affected county of a minority area of China (i.

Prevalence and determinants of virological failure, genetic diversity and drug resistance among people living with HIV in a minority area in China: a population-based study.

Background: Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture is one of the areas that most severely affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in China, and virological failure on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is serious in this area. Analyses of prevalence and determinants of ART failure, the genetic diversity and drug resistance among people living with HIV (PLWH) helps improve HIV treatment efficiency and prevent HIV transmission.

Methods: A total of 5157 PLWH were recruited from 2016 to 2017.

Synergistic effects of ascorbic acid and plant-derived ceramide to enhance storability and boost antioxidant systems of postharvest strawberries.

Background: Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) may attack biological macromolecules and induce oxidative stress. The inhibition by ascorbic acid (AsA) on oxidative damage has been reported in fruits, while the barrier effect of ceramide has also been proven. However, there are few reports about the effects of ceramide-AsA interactions to enhance storability and boost antioxidant systems in fruits during storage.

Circular RNA hsa_circ_0002024 suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in bladder cancer by sponging miR-197-3p.

Circular RNA hsa_circ_0002024 has been reported to be underexpressed in bladder cancer (BC). However, the biological role of hsa_circ_0002024 in BC and its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the expression levels of hsa_circ_0002024 and miR-197-3p were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Stereotactic Aspiration of Necrotic Brain Tissue for Treating Malignant Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction: A Report of 13 Consecutive Cases.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of stereotactic aspiration of necrotic brain tissue for treating malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMI) in patients older than 60 years of age.

Case Description: A total of 13 consecutive patients with MMI (mean age, 67 ± 6.62 years) were enrolled in the study.

Relationship between cerebral microbleeds and cognitive function in lacunar infarct.

Objective: Little is known about the impact of cerebral microbleeds on cognitive function. This study investigated the distribution of cerebral microbleeds and their impact on cognitive function, in patients with lacunar infarct.

Methods: Patients with lacunar infarct were enrolled prospectively.

Endovascular stenting for atherosclerotic subclavian artery stenosis in patients with other craniocervical artery stenosis.

Atherosclerotic subclavian artery stenosis (SAS) accompanied with other craniocervical artery stenosis (OCAS) is not uncommon in practice. We sought to investigate the safety and efficacy of endovascular stenting for SAS in patients with OCAS. Between January 2004 and February 2012, 71 consecutive atherosclerotic SAS patients who underwent primary stenting in our medical center were included.

Correlation of extracranial internal carotid artery tortuosity index and intraprocedural complications during carotid artery stenting.

Background: To investigate the correlation between tortuosity of extracranial internal carotid artery (EICA) and intraprocedural complications in patients undergoing carotid artery stenting (CAS).

Methods: The study included 244 EICA in 223 patients undergoing CAS. Tortuosity in EICA was measured by the tortuosity index (TI).

Stereotactic aspiration plus subsequent thrombolysis for moderate thalamic hemorrhage.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of stereotactic aspiration combined with subsequent thrombolysis in treating moderate thalamic hemorrhage (TH).

Methods: A total of 105 patients with TH were nonrandomly assigned to the conservative treatment group (n = 60) or to the aspiration group (n = 45). Patients in the aspiration group were treated with stereotactic aspiration plus subsequent thrombolysis for removal for their hematomas.

[Plasma homocysteine levels in ischemic stroke patients with obstructive sleep apnea].

Objective: To investigate the association of plasma homocysteine and OSA (obstructive sleep apnea) syndrome in ischemic stroke (IS).

Methods: A total of 92 male IS patients were classified by apnea hypopnea index (AHI) into 2 groups: non-OSA group (AHI < 5/h) and OSA group (AHI > or = 5). All patients were tested for plasma homocysteine when polysomnography was finished at (14 +/- 2) d after the onset of IS.

Association between plasma homocysteine levels and obstructive sleep apnoea in patients with ischaemic stroke.

We aimed to investigate the association between plasma homocysteine and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome in patients with ischaemic stroke. A total of 102 patients with ischaemic stroke were classified into four OSA groups based on their apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI): absent (AHI < 5/hour); mild (5-14/hour); moderate (15-30/hour); and severe (> 30/hour). The mean (± standard deviation) homocysteine levels in the four OSA groups were: absent, 8.

Neuroprotective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity: with emphasis on autophagy.

Ginsenoside Rb1 has been demonstrated with neuroprotective effects, but the mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to probe the effects and mechanisms of ginsenoside Rb1 on activation of autophagy in glutamate-injured neurons. Ginsenoside Rb1 of exponential concentrations (1.