Association between cerebrovasoreactivity and stroke in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy.

Background: Impaired cerebrovasoreactivity is thought to play an important role in the pathophysiology of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). We aimed to clarify the association between cerebrovascular reactivity and stroke in patients with CADASIL.

Methods: We retrospectively recruited 14 patients with CADASIL, eight of whom had symptomatic stroke.

Effect of Lomerizine Hydrochloride on Preventing Strokes in Patients With Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy With Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy.

Background: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is an orphan disease clinically characterized by migraine, recurrent strokes, and dementia. Currently, there are no disease-modifying therapies, and it is difficult to prevent cerebral ischemic events in CADASIL patients by conventional antithrombotic medication. We hypothesized that an antimigraine agent, lomerizine hydrochloride, may prevent strokes in CADASIL patients, based on its effect on increasing cerebral blood flow.

Clinical and Genetic Aspects of CADASIL.

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), a hereditary cerebral small vessel disease caused by mutations in , is characterized by recurrent stroke without vascular risk factors, mood disturbances, and dementia. MRI imaging shows cerebral white matter (WM) hyperintensity, particularly in the external capsule and temporal pole. Missense mutations related to a cysteine residue in the 34 EGFr on the NOTCH3 extracellular domain (N3ECD) are a typical mutation of CADASIL.

Genotype-phenotype correlations and effect of mutation location in Japanese CADASIL patients.

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a hereditary cerebral small vessel disease caused by NOTCH3, and characterized by recurrent cerebral ischemic events without vascular risk factors, mood disturbance, and dementia. MRI testing shows cerebral white matter hyperintensities, especially in the external capsule and temporal pole. Typical mutations are cysteine-related missense ones located in one of 34 EGF-like repeats (EGFr) in the NOTCH3 receptor.

Analysis of gut microbiota in patients with cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL).

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a major hereditary small vessel disease caused by mutations in . The variations in progression and severity among patients suggest that the CADASIL phenotype is modified by some genetic and environmental factors. Recent studies have shown the potential roles of gut microbiota in human diseases.

The CADASIL Scale-J, A Modified Scale to Prioritize Access to Genetic Testing for Japanese CADASIL-Suspected Patients.

Background: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is definitely diagnosed by genetic testing. Such testing involves the analysis of exons 2-24 of NOTCH3, which encode the epidermal growth factor-like repeat domain, where CADASIL mutations are localized. We previously reported clinical diagnostic criteria for screening CADASIL-suspected Japanese patients prior to genetic testing.

RNF213-related susceptibility of Japanese CADASIL patients to intracranial arterial stenosis.

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), caused by NOTCH3, primarily affects small cerebral arteries; however, stenosis of major intracranial arteries has occasionally been reported. Recent studies identified a close association between the c.14576G>A (p.

New diagnostic criteria for cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukocencephalopathy in Japan.

Purpose: Definite diagnosis of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukocencephalopathy (CADASIL) is mostly done by identification of NOTCH3 mutations. We aimed to develop criteria for selecting patients suspected for CADASIL to undergo genetic testing.

Subjects And Methods: All subjects were Japanese.

[Constructive disturbance and low-level perfusion in parietal areas in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with dementia].

Although amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with dementia (ALS-D) has been characterized by symptoms of fronto-temporal dysfunction, we report two patients with ALS-D who showed constructive disturbance and low-level perfusion in the parietal areas. The first was a 69-year-old woman (Case 1) who had been diagnosed with the bulbar type of ALS. She showed fronto-temporal dementia as well as low scores and disturbance on block construction and copying; however, she showed a better score on the imitation of finger postures.

[Head drop syndrome in a patient with immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy with anti-signal recognition particle antibody: a case report].

We report an 87-year-old female patient who presented a dropped head and progressive weakness in proximal muscles over five months. The value of serum creatine kinase was 2,708 IU/l and the antibody against signal recognition particle (SRP) was detected by means of immunoprecipitation. The computed tomography of skeletal muscles revealed atrophy and fatty degeneration preferentially in the neck extensors and paraspinal muscles.

Plasma brain natriuretic peptide as a surrogate marker for cardioembolic stroke.

Background: Cardioembolic stroke generally results in more severe disability, since it typically has a larger ischemic area than the other types of ischemic stroke. However, it is difficult to differentiate cardioembolic stroke from non-cardioembolic stroke (atherothrombotic stroke and lacunar stroke). In this study, we evaluated the levels of plasma brain natriuretic peptide in acute ischemic stroke patients with cardioembolic stroke or non-cardioembolic stroke, and assessed the prediction factors of plasma brain natriuretic peptide and whether we could differentiate between stroke subtypes on the basis of plasma brain natriuretic peptide concentrations in addition to patient's clinical variables.

Predictors of intracerebral hemorrhage severity and its outcome in Japanese stroke patients.

Objective: The aim of this investigation was to determine the factors influencing acute intracerebral hemorrhage severity on admission and clinical outcomes at discharge.

Methods: Sixty acute stroke hospitals throughout Japan participated in the Japan Standard Stroke Registry Study (JSSRS), documenting the in-hospital course of 16,630 consecutive patients with acute stroke from January 2001 to March 2004. We identified 2,840 adult patients from the JSSRS who had intracerebral hemorrhage.

Brain natriuretic peptide as a surrogate marker for cardioembolic stroke with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.

Background: Cardioembolic stroke generally results in severer disability, since it typically has a larger ischemic area than the other types of ischemic stroke. However, it is difficult to differentiate cardioembolic from noncardioembolic stroke (atherothrombotic and lacunar stroke), whenever ischemic stroke patients have sinus rhythm at the time of presentation.

Methods: In this study, we evaluated the levels of plasma brain natriuretic peptide in acute ischemic stroke patients with cardioembolic or noncardioembolic stroke and assessed whether this could provide a basis for differentiating cardioembolic stroke (especially due to paroxysmal atrial fibrillation) from noncardioembolic stroke.