Simultaneous Unbinned Differential Cross-Section Measurement of Twenty-Four Z+jets Kinematic Observables with the ATLAS Detector.

Z boson events at the Large Hadron Collider can be selected with high purity and are sensitive to a diverse range of QCD phenomena. As a result, these events are often used to probe the nature of the strong force, improve Monte Carlo event generators, and search for deviations from standard model predictions. All previous measurements of Z boson production characterize the event properties using a small number of observables and present the results as differential cross sections in predetermined bins.

Cough recognition in pneumoconiosis patients based on a flexible patch with an embedded ACC sensor for remote monitoring.

Background: Many respiratory diseases such as pneumoconiosis require to close monitor the symptoms such as abnormal respiration and cough. This study introduces an automated, nonintrusive method for detecting cough events in clinical settings using a flexible chest patch with tri-axial acceleration sensors.

Methods: Twenty-five young healthy persons (hereinafter referred to as healthy adults) and twenty-five clinically diagnosed pneumoconiosis patients (hereinafter referred to as patients) participated in the experiment by wearing a flexible chest patch with an embedded ACC sensor.

Multiplexed spatial mapping of chromatin features, transcriptome and proteins in tissues.

The phenotypic and functional states of cells are modulated by a complex interactive molecular hierarchy of multiple omics layers, involving the genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome. Spatial omics approaches have enabled the study of these layers in tissue context but are often limited to one or two modalities, offering an incomplete view of cellular identity. Here we present spatial-Mux-seq, a multimodal spatial technology that allows simultaneous profiling of five different modalities: two histone modifications, chromatin accessibility, whole transcriptome and a panel of proteins at tissue scale and cellular level in a spatially resolved manner.

Molecular Mechanism of Unexpected Metal-Independent Hydroxyl Radical Production by Mercaptotriazole and HO.

It is well known that hydroxyl radical (OH) can be largely produced either through the classic iron-mediated inorganic-Fenton system or our recently discovered haloquinones/HO organic-Fenton-like system, but rarely produced via thiol compounds. Here, unexpectedly, we found that OH can be unequivocally generated by incubation of HO and mercaptotriazole (MTZ), a typical heterocyclic thiol which has been used as an environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor for mild steel. By the complementary applications of HPLC-MS and oxygen-18 isotope-labeling method, MTZ-derived sulfenic (MTZ-SOH) and sulfinic acids were detected and identified as transient intermediates, and sulfonic acid as final products.

Awakening n-π* electron transition in structurally distorted g-CN nanosheets via hexamethylenetetramine-involved supercritical CO treatment towards efficient photocatalytic H production.

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) has been regarded as highly potential photocatalyst for solar energy utilization. However, the restricted absorption of visible light for pristine g-CN significantly limits the solar-light-driven chemical reaction efficiency. Herein, structurally distorted g-CN nanosheets with awakened n-π* electron transition were successfully synthesized through hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA)-involved supercritical CO (scCO) treatment and following pyrolysis of melamine precursor.

Immobilization of Peniophora incarnata F1 in PVA-SA-biochar matrix and its degradation performance and mechanism for erythromycin degradation.

Erythromycin is becoming one of the most common contaminants detected in surface water and wastewater, which poses a potential risk to ecological systems and human health. Until now, there is still no effective way to eliminate it. Herein, a novel and efficient erythromycin-degrading fungus Peniophora incarnata F1, capable of utilizing erythromycin as its sole source of carbon and energy, was isolated from contaminated sludge.

Fiscal vertical imbalance and income inequality: A threshold effect analysis based on government expenditure.

This study aims to investigate the complex relationship between vertical fiscal imbalance, public expenditure structure, and income distribution disparities, with the goal of providing policy insights for achieving shared prosperity. Employing Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) and threshold analysis, the research reveals key findings: (1) an exacerbation of vertical fiscal imbalance significantly widens the urban-rural income gap; (2) public expenditure structure exhibits threshold effects, resulting in non-linear impacts on income disparity; (3) a unique contribution of our study is the identification of varying threshold effects of urban public expenditure on income disparities within rural areas, urban areas, and the gap between them, underscoring the need for targeted fiscal interventions. These findings highlight the critical role of public expenditure in addressing income distribution issues and offer valuable guidance for upcoming fiscal and tax reforms.

Novel role of FTO in regulation of gut-brain communication via -produced hydrogen sulfide under arsenic exposure.

Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) is the key demethylase that reverses the abnormally altered N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in eukaryotic cells under environmental pollutants exposure. Arsenic is an environmental metalloid and can cause severe symptoms in human mainly through drinking water. However, there is no specific treatment for its toxic effects due to the uncovered mechanisms.

Methyl Canthin-6-one-2-carboxylate Inhibits the Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Synovial Macrophages by Upregulating Nrf2 Expression.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder that leads to severe cartilage deterioration and synovial impairment in the joints. Previous studies have indicated that the aberrant activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in synovial macrophages plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of RA and has been regarded as a therapeutic target for the disease. In this study, we synthesized a novel canthin-6-one alkaloid, namely methyl canthin-6-one-2-carboxylate (Cant), and assessed its effects on NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages.

Identification of Dufulin photolysis and hydrolysis products in water using a C stable isotope assisted HPLC-HRMS strategy.

Dufulin is an efficient antiviral agent for plants, however, data on its environmental fate, particularly concerning its transformation products (TPs), remain scarce. The TPs formed during abiotic degradation may pose significant environmental risks due to potential toxicity. Therefore, this study systematically investigated the hydrolysis and photolysis kinetics of Dufulin in aqueous solutions across various pH conditions.

Ester-Bearing Calix[]phenoxazines: Side Chain Enhanced Recognition and Redox-Responsive Reversible Host-Guest System.

We report an enhanced recognition and redox-responsive reversible host-guest system based on ester-bearing calix[]phenoxazines. The carbonyl groups, oriented toward the cavity, act as the extra binding sites to enhance the binding affinity, which is confirmed by NMR and FTIR experiments and single-crystal structure analysis. Due to the oxidizable nature of calix[]phenoxazine, a redox-controlled reversible response is established.

Advanced 3D bioprinted liver models with human-induced hepatocytes for personalized toxicity screening.

The development of advanced models for assessing liver toxicity and drug responses is crucial for personalized medicine and preclinical drug development. 3D bioprinting technology provides opportunities to create human liver models that are suitable for conducting high-throughput screening for liver toxicity. In this study, we fabricated a humanized liver model using human-induced hepatocytes (hiHeps) derived from human fibroblasts via a rapid and efficient reprogramming process.

Modeling time-varying spatial accessibility to healthcare: A system dynamic approach.

Spatial accessibility to healthcare is essential for policymakers to identify health disparities and develop targeted interventions. Current modeling approaches poorly capture temporal dynamics of contributing factors, and few have represented dynamic interactions among these factors. Further, validating current models is hindered by data limitations and methodological challenges.

Molecular Mechanism for the Unprecedented Metal-Independent Hydroxyl Radical Production from Thioureas and HO.

The most well-known hydroxyl radical (OH)-generating system is the classic iron-mediated Fenton reaction. Thiourea has been considered as an efficient OH scavenger and is frequently used to study the role of OH in various biochemical and medical research studies. Here we found that the highly reactive OH can be produced from thiourea and HO through a metal-independent pathway, as measured by electron spin resonance (ESR) secondary radical spin-trapping and fluorescent methods.

Preparation of anterolateral thigh flap from polio-affected lower limb: A safe surgical option that preserves patient's motor function.

The anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is a commonly used donor site for reconstructive surger, especially in head and neck reconstructions. The flap's success is primarily determined by the quality and quantity of its perforating vessels, which is why clinicians typically prefer harvesting from a healthy leg with intact vascular anatomy. Poliomyelitis typically causes unilateral lower limb paralysis, resulting in muscle atrophy and deformities.

A randomized, crossover trial of one night of oxygen therapy for obstructive sleep apnea in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease.

Background And Objective: There is no satisfactory treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) because of poor tolerance of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy. Supplemental oxygen therapy has been shown to reduce hypoxemia and is well tolerated in patients with ILD. However, little is known about the effect of nocturnal oxygen supplementation (NOS) on OSA in patients with ILD.

Measuring the Work Relative Value of Common Nursing Items for the General Departments of Tertiary Hospitals: A Descriptive Study.

Aim(s): This study aims to evaluate the workload of clinical nurses by measuring the work relative value (work RVU) of common nursing items based on the resource-based relative value scale in China.

Background: Various single measurements have been employed to measure the nursing workload, but no comprehensive method has yet to be developed in China.

Methods: A descriptive study was conducted to construct a common item set for nursing work in general wards on the basis of the 2019 History Information System nursing database from Class A tertiary hospitals to identify the time associated with each service.

Ancestral carbonic anhydrase with significantly enhanced stability and activity for CO capture and utilization.

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) has garnered increasing attention in carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) due to their ecological friendliness. However, most of them suffer susceptibility to deactivation in harsh conditions. Herein, a reliable dataset was adopted for creating ancestral CAs through an optimized ancestral sequence reconstruction (ASR) method.

Development of sustainable and active food packaging films based on alginate enriched with plant polyphenol carbon dots and layered clay.

Natural polymer based food packaging has attracted more and more attention, but the lack of active functions of natural polymer hinders its application in the field of active packaging. In this study, chlorogenic acid carbon dots (CGA-CDs) was synthesized mildly using natural plant polyphenol CGA as carbon source, and CGA functionalized layered clays (LDHs@CGA) was introduced as reinforcing agent. Alg active films were fabricated by solution casting method using natural polysaccharide-alginate (Alg), CGA-CDs and LDHs@CGA.

Enhanced Phytoextraction Technologies for the Sustainable Remediation of Cadmium-Contaminated Soil Based on Hyperaccumulators-A Review.

Heavy metal pollution in soil is a significant challenge around the world, particularly cadmium (Cd) contamination. In situ phytoextraction and remediation technology, particularly focusing on Cd hyperaccumulator plants, has proven to be an effective method for cleaning Cd-contaminated agricultural lands. However, this strategy is often hindered by a long remediation cycle and low efficiency.

Quantifying the contributions of factors to bioaccessible Cd and Pb in soil using machine learning.

The bioaccessibility of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the gastrointestinal tract is crucial for health risk assessments of contaminated soils. However, variability in In vitro analytical conditions and soil properties introduces bias and uncertainty in predictions. This study employed three in vitro methods to measure Cd and Pb bioaccessibility during the gastric and gastrointestinal phases, using soil samples incubated for one year.

Research Progress on the Posterior Midline Lumbar Spinous Process-Splitting Approach.

The traditional posterior median approach laminectomy is widely used for lumbar decompression. However, the bilateral dissection of paraspinal muscles during this procedure often leads to postoperative muscle atrophy, chronic low back pain, and other complications. The posterior midline spinous process-splitting approach (SPSA) offers a significant advantage over the traditional approach by minimizing damage to the paraspinal muscles.

Trophic transfer of carbon-14 from algae to zebrafish leads to its blending in biomolecules and the dysregulation of metabolism via isotope effect.

Carbon-14 (C-14) has been a major contributor to the human radioactive exposure dose, as it is released into the environment from the nuclear industry in larger quantities compared to other radionuclides. This most abundant nuclide enters the biosphere as organically bound C-14 (OBC-14), posing a potential threat to public health. Yet, it remains unknown how this relatively low radiotoxic nuclide induces health risks via chemical effects, such as isotope effect.

A Novel Polytetrahydrofuran-Based Shape Memory Polyurethane Enhanced by Polyglycolide-Block-Polytetrahydrofuran-Block-Polyglycolide Copolymer.

A series of polyurethanes (PU-GT) were prepared using polyglycolide-block-polytetrahydrofuran-block-polyglycolide (PGA-PTHF-PGA), polytetrahydrofuran homopolymer (PTHF), glycerol, and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) by a one-pot synthesis method. The non-isothermal crystallization and subsequent heating curves showed that the PTHF component in these polyurethanes could crystallize in a temperature range of -11.5~2.