Genetically supported causality between gut microbiota, immune cells, and ischemic stroke: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous studies have highlighted a robust correlation between gut microbiota/immune cells and ischemic stroke (IS). However, the precise nature of their causal relationship remains uncertain. To address this gap, our study aims to meticulously investigate the causal association between gut microbiota/immune cells and the likelihood of developing IS, employing a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Association between the skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study of NHANES 2017-2018.

Background And Aims: Previous studies have shown that sarcopenic obesity (SO) was associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, research is limited in the context of the NAFLD renamed as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) defined by updated diagnostic criteria. The aim of this study was to use the index skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio (SVR) to describe SO in a large and representative US population (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018) of adults and investigate their association with MASLD.

miR-1180 Targets FXYD5 to Regulate Pancreatic Cancer Cells Migration and Invasion.

Pancreatic cancer is a fatal malignancy typically diagnosed in older males and has an aggressive progression. The function of the miR-1180/FXYD5 axis in pancreatic cancer malignant behaviors was investigated. 20 pairs of pancreatic cancer and adjacent normal tissue samples were harvested from pancreatic cancer patients, and qRT-PCR, IHC, and western blot assays were performed, respectively, to detect the mRNA expression and protein levels of miR-1180 or FXYD5.

Causal effects of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on cerebral cortical structure: a Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Previous studies have highlighted changes in the cerebral cortical structure and cognitive function among nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. However, the impact of NAFLD on cerebral cortical structure and specific affected brain regions remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore the potential causal relationship between NAFLD and cerebral cortical structure.

Inhibitory effect of berberine on morphine tolerance and hyperalgesia in mice.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of berberine on morphine analgesia, tolerance, and hyperalgesia.

Methods: Morphine-induced acute tolerance model: mice received intraperitoneal berberine at doses of 2.5, 5.

Multiview Clustering by Consensus Spectral Rotation Fusion.

Multiview clustering (MVC) aims to partition data into different groups by taking full advantage of the complementary information from multiple views. Most existing MVC methods fuse information of multiple views at the raw data level. They may suffer from performance degradation due to the redundant information contained in the raw data.

CRAT links cholesterol metabolism to innate immune responses in the heart.

Chronic inflammation is associated with increased risk and poor prognosis of heart failure; however, the precise mechanism that provokes sustained inflammation in the failing heart remains elusive. Here we report that depletion of carnitine acetyltransferase (CRAT) promotes cholesterol catabolism through bile acid synthesis pathway in cardiomyocytes. Intracellular accumulation of bile acid or intermediate, 7α-hydroxyl-3-oxo-4-cholestenoic acid, induces mitochondrial DNA stress and triggers cGAS-STING-dependent type I interferon responses.

The Overlap Subgroup of Functional Dyspepsia Exhibits More Severely Impaired Gastric and Autonomic Functions.

Goals: A combination of multiple tests was introduced to noninvasively investigate the differences in pathophysiologies among functional dyspepsia (FD) subgroups, including postprandial distress syndrome (PDS), epigastric pain syndrome (EPS), and overlap.

Background: It has not been extensively evaluated whether different pathophysiologies are involved in FD subgroups.

Study: This multicenter study included 364 FD patients fulfilling Rome IV criteria and 47 healthy controls.

A novel alternative strategy for monitoring and insight into liver fibrosis progression: The combination of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and gut microbiota.

Nowadays, the studies on the interaction and relationship between the intestinal microorganisms and liver diseases are increasing. However, it is still a huge challenge for the in-depth investigation and dynamic monitoring of such a complex network. Herein, a significant discovery was made.

Analysis of the typing of adenovirus and its clinical characteristics in children with acute respiratory tract infection.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the typing of adenovirus (AdV) infection in children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) and its clinical characteristics.

Methods: Samples from 7832 hospitalized children with ARTIs from January 2021 to June 2022 were tested by multiplex PCR for AdV. AdV hex neighborhood genes were amplified and sequenced for typing by nested PCR.

Biofunctional roles of estrogen in coronavirus disease 2019: Beyond a steroid hormone.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), epidemic poses a major global public health threat with more than one million daily new infections and hundreds of deaths. To combat this global pandemic, efficient prevention and management strategies are urgently needed. Together with the main characteristics of COVID-19, impaired coagulation with dysfunctions of the immune response in COVID-19 pathophysiology causes high mortality and morbidity.

Rough set approximations based on a matroidal structure over three sets.

Pawlak's classical model of rough set approximations provides an efficient tool for extracting information exactly by employing available knowledge (i.e., known knowledge) in an information system, since many problems in rough set theory are NP-hard and their solution process is therefore greedy and approximate.

Two-Stage Sparse Representation Clustering for Dynamic Data Streams.

Data streams are a potentially unbounded sequence of data objects, and the clustering of such data is an effective way of identifying their underlying patterns. Existing data stream clustering algorithms face two critical issues: 1) evaluating the relationship among data objects with individual landmark windows of fixed size and 2) passing useful knowledge from previous landmark windows to the current landmark window. Based on sparse representation techniques, this article proposes a two-stage sparse representation clustering (TSSRC) method.

Dynamic monitoring of bacteriostatic process by SERS analysis based on a simple but effective detection strategy.

Investigating antibacterial process at a molecular level is helpful to fully understand the mechanism of bacteriostasis and develop new antimicrobial agents. Herein, a simple but effective sensor strategy of antibacterial nanocomposite combined with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate was applied for the robust detection of bacteriostatic process. The synergistic SERS effect of nanocomposite and Ag nanoparticles (NPs) substrate was confirmed by finite difference time domain (FDTD) solutions.

Approximation operators via TD-matroids on two sets.

Rough set theory is an extension of set theory with two additional unary set-theoretic operators known as approximation in order to extract information and knowledge. It needs the basic, or say definable, knowledge to approximate the undefinable knowledge in a knowledge space using the pair of approximation operators. Many existed approximation operators are expressed with unary form.

Retinoic Acid Signaling Is Compromised in DSS-Induced Dysbiosis.

Obesity and malnutrition both cause dysbiosis and dampen retinoic acid (RA) signaling pathways, which play pivotal roles in biological processes. The current study evaluates a hypothesis that colitis-associated dysbiosis also has systemic negative impacts on RA signaling. Thus, we studied the effects of inflammation, under a vitamin A-sufficient condition, on RA signaling using mouse colitis models induced by dextran sulfate sodium.

The Effect of Long-Term External Counterpulsation Combined with Exercise Therapy on the Establishment of Collateral Circulation in Patients with Coronary Artery Occlusive Disease.

Objective: By detecting the levels of external counterpulsation combined with exercise therapy on the levels of moesin, angiopoietin-like protein2 (Angptl 2), angiopoietin-like protein (Angptl 3), hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), and RNA-34a (miR-34a) in patients with coronary artery occlusive disease, the effect of external counterpulsation combined with exercise therapy on the establishment of occluded coronary collateral circulation was studied.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 166 patients with coronary heart disease was confirmed by coronary angiography results that at least one coronary artery (anterior descending branch, circumflex branch, and right coronary artery) was completely occluded and was classified into the control group (routine medication) and the treatment group (routine drug therapy plus exercise therapy and external counterpulsation) according to the treatment plan of the patient. The serum levels of moesin, Angptl 2, Angptl 3, and HIF-1 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test.

Efficient Sparse Representation for Learning With High-Dimensional Data.

Due to the capability of effectively learning intrinsic structures from high-dimensional data, techniques based on sparse representation have begun to display an impressive impact on several fields, such as image processing, computer vision, and pattern recognition. Learning sparse representations isoften computationally expensive due to the iterative computations needed to solve convex optimization problems in which the number of iterations is unknown before convergence. Moreover, most sparse representation algorithms focus only on determining the final sparse representation results and ignore the changes in the sparsity ratio (SR) during iterative computations.

Endothelium-specific depletion of LRP1 improves glucose homeostasis through inducing osteocalcin.

The vascular endothelium is present within metabolic organs and actively regulates energy metabolism. Here we show osteocalcin, recognized as a bone-secreted metabolic hormone, is expressed in mouse primary endothelial cells isolated from heart, lung and liver. In human osteocalcin promoter-driven green fluorescent protein transgenic mice, green fluorescent protein signals are enriched in endothelial cells lining aorta, small vessels and capillaries and abundant in aorta, skeletal muscle and eye of adult mice.

A randomized controlled trial on the effect of dietary guidance on the treatment of Henoch-Schonlein purpura in children.

The amino acid-based formulae were extensively added to diet of children for the treatment of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP), and the nutrition and growth situation of children were evaluated after giving new dietary intervention. Patients were randomly divided into restricted diet group (n=30) and dietary guidance group (n=30). Besides, 30 cases with bronchiolitis who had normal diet were selected as the control group.

Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting varices needing treatment in compensated advanced chronic liver disease: A multicenter study.

Background: Only a small proportion of patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD) had varices needing treatment (VNT) after recommended esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) screening. We aimed to create a non-invasive nomogram based on routine tests to detect VNT in cACLD patients.

Methods: The training cohort included 162 cACLD patients undergoing EGD in a university hospital, between January 2014 and September 2019.

Detachable string magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy for detecting high-risk varices in compensated advanced chronic liver disease (CHESS1801): A prospective multicenter study.

Background: Gastroesophageal varices is a serious complication of compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD). Primary prophylaxis to reduce the risk of variceal hemorrhage is recommended if high-risk varices (HRV) are detected. We performed this study to compare the accuracy, patients' satisfaction and safety of detection of HRV by detachable string magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy (DS-MCCE) with esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) as the reference.

Multiview Subspace Clustering Using Low-Rank Representation.

Multiview subspace clustering is one of the most widely used methods for exploiting the internal structures of multiview data. Most previous studies have performed the task of learning multiview representations by individually constructing an affinity matrix for each view without simultaneously exploiting the intrinsic characteristics of multiview data. In this article, we propose a multiview low-rank representation (MLRR) method to comprehensively discover the correlation of multiview data for multiview subspace clustering.

SERS diagnosis of liver fibrosis in the early stage based on gold nanostar liver targeting tags.

In order to realize the accurate and early diagnosis of liver fibrosis, a long slow pathological process which may lead to cirrhosis or even liver cancer, liver targeting tags made up of gold nanostars and glycyrrhetinic acid are reported in this paper. Gold nanostars (GNSs) and GNS liver targeting tags (GLTTs) were injected into model mice with stage S1 liver fibrosis and normal mice via the tail vein respectively, then the SERS spectra were collected. GLTTs had a better detection effect on liver tissue than unmodified GNSs (12.