Impact of on Performance, Blood Markers, Immunity, Intestinal Microbiology and Histomorphology in Broiler Chicken.

The study investigated the impact of utilizing leaf powder (RNL) as a phytogenic feed additive on performance, blood markers, intestinal microbiology and histomorphology in broiler chicken. One hundred eighty day-old Cobb broiler chicks were randomly divided into four treatment groups having three replicates with fifteen birds each. Four iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diets primarily based on maize-soybean were formulated, viz.

leaf powder as a feed additive affects the performance, carcass traits, meat quality attributes, serum antioxidants, stress physiology, intestinal bacterial counts, and gut morphology of broiler chicken.

This study investigated the effect of supplementation of leaf powder (MSLP) on the production performance of broiler chicken. Ven Cobb broiler chicks (240 day-old male chicks) were distributed randomly into four treatments, each replicated four times, with 15 birds per replicate. The diets formulated were T1 (control) given basal diet only, T2 (basal diet +1.

Nano-protected form of rosemary essential oil has a positive influence on blood biochemistry parameters, haematological indices, immune-antioxidant status, intestinal microbiota and histomorphology of meat-type chickens.

This study aimed to investigate the potential of free and nanoprotected rosemary essential oil (REO) as an antibiotic alternative in blood biochemistry, hematology, immune-antioxidant status, intestinal microbiology, and histomorphology of broilers. A total of 420 1-wk-old broiler chicks (Cobb) were randomly allotted into 7 treatments, each having 4 replicates of 15 chicks. The first group served as control received basal diet, while the second group was fed a basal diet plus 100 mg/kg enramycin and third group basal diet plus 150 mg/kg chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs).

Recent advances in AIEgen-based chemosensors for small molecule detection, with a focus on ion sensing.

Since the aggregation-based emission (AIE) phenomenon emerged in 2001, numerous chemical designs have been built around the AIE concept, displaying its utility for diverse applications, including optics, electronics, energy, and biosciences. The present review critically evaluates the broad applicability of AIEgen-based chemical models towards sensing small analytes and the structural design strategies adjusting the mode of action reported since the last decade. Various AIEgen models have been discussed, providing qualitative and quantitative estimation of cationic metal ions and anionic species, as well as biomolecular, cellular, and organelle-specific probes.

Impact of Nanoencapsulated Rosemary Essential Oil as a Novel Feed Additive on Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization, Carcass Traits, Meat Quality and Gene Expression of Broiler Chicken.

This study evaluated the effect of free and nanoencapsulated rosemary essential oil (REO) as an antibiotic alternative in broiler diets on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass traits, meat quality and gene expression. Four hundred twenty day-old commercial broiler chicks (VENCOBB) were randomly allocated to seven dietary treatments, each having four replicates of fifteen chicks. The dietary treatments comprised control (CON) fed a basal diet only, AB (basal diet + 10 mg enramycin/kg), CS (basal diet + 150 mg chitosan nanoparticles/kg), REO and REO (basal diet + 100 mg and 200 mg free REO/kg, respectively), and REO and REO (basal diet + 100 mg and 200 mg nanoencapsulated REO/kg, respectively).

Advancements in the development of fluorescent chemosensors based on CN bond isomerization/modulation mechanistic approaches.

The CN bond isomerization/modulation as a fluorescence signalling mechanism was explored by studying the photophysical properties of conformationally restricted molecules. From the beginning, the CN bond isomerization method has attracted the attention of researchers owing to its simplicity, high selectivity, and sensitivity in fluorescence evaluation. Continuous developments in the field of sensing using CN bond-containing compounds have been achieved the customization of the isomerization process around the CN bond in numerous ways, and the results were obtained in the form of specific discrete photophysical changes.

Risk assessment of COVID-19 pandemic using deep learning model for J&K in India: a district level analysis.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing pandemic with high morbidity and mortality rates. Current epidemiological studies urge the need of implementing sophisticated methods to appraise the evolution of COVID-19. In this study, we analysed the data for 228 days (1 May to 15 December 2020) of daily incidence of COVID-19 cases for a district level analysis in the region of Jammu and Kashmir in the northern Himalayan belt of India.

Source profiling of air pollution and its association with acute respiratory infections in the Himalayan-bound region of India.

The studies related to air pollutants and their association with human health over the mountainous region are of utmost importance and are sparse especially over the Himalayan region of India. The linkages between various atmospheric variables and clinically validated data have been done using various datasets procured from satellite, model reanalysis, and surface observations during 2013-2017. Aerosol optical depth, air temperature, and wind speed are significantly related (p < 0.

Expression of nutrient transporter genes in response to dietary rice gluten meal and protease enzyme supplementation and the consequent effects on growth, nutrient digestibility, immunity and jejunum histomorphometry in chicken.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of feeding rice gluten meal (RGM) as an alternative protein source along with protease enzyme supplementation on growth performance, expression of nutrient transporter genes, nutrient digestibility, immune response and gut histomorphometry of broiler chicken. Proximate analysis of RGM revealed 923 g dry matter (DM), 500 g crude protein (CP), 69.2 g ether extract, 94.

Clinical Profile and Efficacy of Antivirals in Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation, in Patients With Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy.

Background/purpose: Hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBVR) is common in patients withcancer. The aim of the present study was to find out clinical profile of patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy with HBVR and to study the efficacy of entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir in the treatment of HBVR.

Methods: This is a prospective study in which all consecutive patients with cancer with evidence of HBVR were included.

Endoscopic Yield, Appropriateness, and Complications of Pediatric Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in an Adult Suite: A Retrospective Study of 822 Children.

Background/aims: This study aimed to study the endoscopic yield, appropriateness, and complications of pediatric endoscopy performed by adult gastroenterologists in an adult endoscopic suite.

Methods: This a retrospective study in which records of all the patients less than 18 years of age who underwent endoscopy in the last 5 years were studied. The indications of endoscopy in children were categorized as appropriate or inappropriate per the latest guidelines by American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition.

Entecavir is Safe and Effective in Long Term for the Treatment of Hepatitis B in Immunocompromised Children.

Objective: Hepatitis B infection is common in patients with cancer, and prompt treatment is necessary; otherwise, it can result in life-threatening complications. The objective of this study was to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of entecavir in immunocompromised children with hepatitis B.

Methods: This single-center prospective study was conducted on children with different malignancies referred to our department with evidence of hepatitis B infection.

A Dual-Signaling Ferrocene-Pyrene Dyad: Triple-Mode Recognition of the Cu(II) Ions in Aqueous Medium.

We report a structure of ferrocene-pyrene conjugate (1) comprising electro and photo-active dual-signaling units. In particular, 1 upon interaction with Cu(II), displays selectively one-photon fluorescence quenching, but it shows two-photon absorption (TPA) cross-section 1230 GM (at 780 nm). Further, 1 displayed two irreversible oxidative waves at 0.

The efficacy of accelerated, multiple, double-dose hepatitis B vaccine against hepatitis B virus infection in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy carries high morbidity and mortality. Conventional hepatitis B vaccination with three doses at 0, 1, and 6 months apart is ineffective in prevention of HBV infection.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of accelerated, multiple, double-dose HB vaccine with conventional HB vaccine in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy (CT).

Beta 2-microglobulin deficient mice catabolize IgG more rapidly than FcRn- alpha-chain deficient mice.

FcRn, a nonclassical MHC-I protein bound to beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m), diverts IgG and albumin from an intracellular degradative fate, prolonging the half-lives of both. While knockout mouse strains lacking either FcRn-alpha-chain (AK) or beta 2m (BK) show much shorter half-lives of IgG and albumin than normal mice, the plasma IgG half-life in the BK and AK strains is different, being shorter in the BK strain. Since beta 2m does not affect the IgG production rate, we tested whether an additional beta 2m-associated mechanism protects IgG from catabolism.

Accelerated transferrin degradation in HFE-deficient mice is associated with increased transferrin saturation.

HFE, a major histocompatibility complex class I-related protein, is implicated in the iron overload disease, hereditary hemochromatosis. Whereas patients with hereditary hemochromatosis have low serum transferrin levels, little is known about transferrin turnover in HFE deficiency states. We injected mice intravenously with radioiodinated transferrin and compared plasma transferrin decay and steady-state endogenous transferrin concentration in the plasma between HFE-deficient and wild-type C57BL/6 mouse strains.

Perspective-- FcRn transports albumin: relevance to immunology and medicine.

Recent evidence validates a forgotten 40-year-old hypothesis: the MHC-related Fc receptor for IgG (FcRn) protects albumin from intracellular catabolic degradation, as it does for IgG, accounting for the uniquely long half-lives of both molecules and explaining their direct concentration-catabolism relationships. Albumin and IgG bind to FcRn at low pH but not at physiological pH. These two ligands bind independently of one another by distinctive mechanisms and to different surfaces of the receptor.

Familial hypercatabolic hypoproteinemia caused by deficiency of the neonatal Fc receptor, FcRn, due to a mutant beta2-microglobulin gene.

Two siblings, products of a consanguineous marriage, were markedly deficient in both albumin and IgG because of rapid degradation of these proteins, suggesting a lack of the neonatal Fc receptor, FcRn. FcRn is a heterodimeric receptor composed of a nonclassical MHC class I alpha-chain and beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)m) that binds two ligands, IgG and albumin, and extends the catabolic half-lives of both. Eight relatives of the siblings were moderately IgG-deficient.

Cellular ubiquitination and proteasomal functions positively modulate mammalian nucleotide excision repair.

The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is fundamental to synchronized continuation of many cellular processes, for example, cell-cycle progression, stress response, and cell differentiation. Recent studies have shown that the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway functions in the regulation of nucleotide excision repair (NER) in yeast. In order to investigate the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in the NER of mammalian cells, global genomic repair (GGR), and transcription-coupled repair (TCR) were examined in a mouse ts20 cell line that harbors a temperature-sensitive ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1).

Tumor suppressor p53 dependent recruitment of nucleotide excision repair factors XPC and TFIIH to DNA damage.

Functional tumor suppressor p53 is mainly required for efficient global genomic repair (GGR), a subpathway of nucleotide excisions repair (NER). In this study, the regulatory effect of p53, on the spaciotemporal recruitment of XPC and TFIIH to DNA damage sites, was investigated in repair-proficient and -deficient human cells in situ. Photoproducts were induced through micropore UV irradiation of discrete subnuclear areas of intact cells and the specific lesions, as well as recruited repair factors, were detected by immunofluorescent intensity and density of the damaged DNA subnuclear spots (SNS).

Efficient repair of bulky anti-BPDE DNA adducts from non-transcribed DNA strand requires functional p53 but not p21(waf1/cip1) and pRb.

Wild-type p53 protein is known to regulate the global genomic repair (GGR), removing bulky chemical DNA adducts as well as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers from the genome overall and from non-transcribed strands (NTS) in DNA. To investigate the role of cellular factor(s) relevant to p53 regulated DNA repair processes, we examined the repair kinetics of chemical carcinogen, anti-benzo[a]pyrene-diol epoxide (anti-BPDE), induced bulky DNA adducts in normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs) and HMEC transformed by human papillomavirus (HPV)-16E6 or -16E7 oncoproteins, which, respectively targets p53 or pRb proteins for degradation. The results show that the removal of anti-BPDE DNA adducts from the genome overall and NTS by GGR was significantly reduced in HPV-16E6 protein expressing cells as compared to that in normal and HPV-16E7 protein expressing cells, indicating the role of p53 and not pRb in nucleotide excision repair (NER).

Human cells deficient in p53 regulated p21(waf1/cip1) expression exhibit normal nucleotide excision repair of UV-induced DNA damage.

Cancer development requires the accumulation of numerous genetic changes, which are believed to initiate through the presence of unrepaired lesions in the genome. In the absence of proficient repair, genotoxic agents can lead to crucial mutations of vital cellular genes via replication of damaged DNA. Many cell cycle regulatory proteins are known to modulate the repair capacity and consequently the fate of cells.