Comparison between anal cytology, high-resolution anoscopy and HPV DNA genotyping by polymerase chain reaction in the post-treatment follow-up of condylomata acuminata.

Aim: to evaluate the presence of subclinical HPV-induced anal lesions with anal cytology, High-Resolution Anoscopy (HRA) and HPV genotyping by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the follow-up of treated condylomata acuminata (CA).

Methods: seventy-nine male patients were included. One month after anal CA eradication, the patients underwent brush samples collection for anal cytology and PCR, and HRA with biopsy of acetowhite lesions.

Local control of human papillomavirus infection after anal condylomata acuminata eradication.

Objective: To verify whether the eradication of anal condylomata acuminata was effective for local control of HPV infection using anal colposcopy and anal brush cytology.

Methods: We evaluated 147 patients treated for anal margin and/or anal canal condyloma, with 108 HIV-positive and 39 HIV-negative individuals. The average age for males was 40 years for HIV-positive and 27.

[How far into the anal canal should the brush be introduced for more efficient cytological evaluation?].

Objective: In literature, sensitivity of Pap smears ranges widely from 45 to 98%. Possibly this is because there is no standard for how far the brush should be introduced into the anal canal. The aim was to evaluate whether the sampling site has an influence on the results of anal Pap smears.

Anal cytology in patients with AIDS.

The objective of the present study was to study the prevalence of abnormal anal cytology in patients with AIDS. Anal smears, obtained with a cytobrush, of 102 HIV-positive patients of the Emilio Ribas Institute (Sao Paulo, Brazil) were collected, and only after that, the patients were submitted to anoscopy. Thirty-two patients had LSIL and 14 others had HSIL.

Comparison of perianal diseases in HIV-positive patients during periods before and after protease inhibitors use: what changed in the 21st century.

Purpose: Highly active antiretroviral therapy has enabled better control over HIV infection. Thus, the immunologic status of such patients has been improving and we believe that changes in their perianal diseases also have been occurring. This study was designed to compare anorectal disease incidence among HIV-positive patients attended in two eras: prehighly active antiretroviral therapy and highly active antiretroviral therapy.

[Outcome of treatment of anal squamous cell carcinoma and its precursor in HIV-infected patients].

Objective: Incidence of anal squamous cell carcinoma is increasing mainly among HIV-positive patients. Treatment consists of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, sometimes followed by tumor resection. The objective was to evaluate the follow-up of such patients to verify recurrences and evolution from HAIN to cancer.

[Anal cytology for screening of pre-neoplasic lesions].

Background: High grade intra-epithelial neoplasias (HAIN) are probable precursors of anal carcinoma, with association to high-risk types of Human Papillomavirus (HPV). This progression could be related to severity of the dysplasia and, albeit not yet confirmed, treatment of these lesions would prevent the evolution to cancer. Standardization and improvement of screening methods should therefore be essential to treat or prevent precursor lesions, mainly in patients at risk such as seropositives to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).

Hypertrophic herpes simplex simulating anal neoplasia in AIDS patients: report of five cases.

Five patients (4 males; mean age, 46.4 years) with painful verrucous perianal lesions caused by herpes simplex virus are described. All patients had had AIDS for a long time and were using highly active antiretroviral therapy.

[Human papillomavirus oncogenicity and grade of anal intraepithelial neoplasia in HIV positive patients].

Objective: We decided to evaluate if grade of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) was associated to the HPV type in HIV positive patients, since this group of patients has immunodeficiency over long periods. We identified HPV types by PCR (polimerase chain reaction) and histological examination to determine the AIN grade in 39 HIV positive males with anal condylomata acuminata.

Results: We observed high grade AIN (HAIN) in 9 (23.

Effects of long-term administration of Senna occidentalis seeds in the large bowel of rats.

Plants of the genus Senna that contain anthranoides derivatives are frequently used as cathartics. Radiological studies have demonstrated that patients with chronic constipation who have used stimulant laxative have colonic redundancy and dilatation more frequently than patients who have not. The objective of the present work was to study morphological and histochemical changes of the lower gut after administration of Senna occidentalis seeds for a long period to rats, as observed in skeletal muscle fibers.

Postoperative follow-up of anal condylomata acuminata in HIV-positive patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the postoperative follow-up of HIV-positive patients with anal condylomata acuminata, associating recurrence to the AIDS status.

Methods: Ninety-seven male, homosexual patients with anal condylomata were submitted to surgical treatment from August 1992 to December 1997. Specimens were obtained for histologic investigation of Ki-67 cell proliferation marker and for polymerase chain reaction to define the human papillomavirus type.

Ki-67 expression in anal intraepithelial neoplasia in AIDS.

Context: AIDS is one of the most important risk factors for progression and recurrence of anogenital condyloma. In a previous work, we observed that patients with warts and high-grade AIN (HAIN) had recurrences more frequently than did patients with warts without AIN. The mechanisms of this increased incidence of high-grade lesions in AIDS are not known.

Expression of Ki-67 can assist in predicting recurrences of low-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia in AIDS.

Purpose: The incidence of anogenital squamous-cell carcinoma was observed to have increased since the beginning of the human immunodeficiency virus infection epidemic among male homosexuals, both with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. It seems that immunosuppression is the most important risk factor for the progression of anogenital lesions, recurrences of anal condyloma, and development of anal carcinoma, in particular in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. High-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia was predominantly observed in the human immunodeficiency virus-positive men.

Kinetics and mechanism of gas-phase thermolysis using headspace-gas chromatographic analysis.

Headspace gas chromatography is employed in order to study the thermal decomposition reaction of gaseous di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) in the 130 degrees C to 160 degrees C temperature range and in the presence of n-hexane as the internal standard and nitrogen as the carrier gas. The reaction exclusively yields acetone and ethane as products. First-order kinetics are observed, including when the surface-to-volume ratio (S/V) of the Pyrex 20-mL vial employed as the reactor is increased by packing it with silanized glass wool.

Management of idiopathic ulcer of the anal canal by excision in HIV-positive patients.

Purpose: The aim of this article is to show our results from the surgical treatment of idiopathic anal ulcers.

Methods: We present 33 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and idiopathic perianal ulcers. They presented with anal pain that failed to improve with medical treatment.

Perianal diseases in HIV-positive patients compared with a seronegative population.

Purpose: The aim of this report was to present our cases showing the prevalence and cause of perianal diseases in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients.

Methods: We compared 1,860 human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients to 1,350 human immunodeficiency virus-negative outpatients with perianal diseases, examined from January 1989 to December 1996, and the results obtained with the treatment methods for seropositive patients. Among them, 88.

Healing after anal fistulotomy: comparative study between HIV+ and HIV- patients.

Purpose: The aim of this work was to compare wound-healing after anal fistulotomy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)+ and HIV- patients and to recognize healing parameters in HIV+ patients.

Methods: Sixty patients were treated with fistulotomy for intersphincteric anal fistula. For each patient, we evaluated white blood cell count values, T CD4 counts, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention classification, and healing duration.