Natural Saponins on Cholesterol-Related Diseases: Treatment and Mechanism.

Saponins are compounds composed of lipophilic aglycones linked to hydrophilic sugars. Natural saponins are isolated from plants and some Marine organisms. As important cholesterol-lowering drugs, natural saponins have attracted wide attention for their therapeutic potential in a variety of cholesterol-related metabolic diseases.

Gypenoside L inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting the SREBP2-HMGCS1 axis and enhancing immune response.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor that occurs in the liver, with a high degree of malignancy and relatively poor prognosis. Gypenoside L has inhibitory effects on liver cancer cells. However, its mechanism of action is still unclear.

Protective effect of heat-processed on high fat diet-induced glucose metabolic disorders mice.

Glucose metabolic disorders (GMD) can promote insulin resistance (IR) and diabetes, and damage liver and kidney. is commonly used in the clinical treatment of diabetes, but the research on its main active constituents and GMD has not been reported yet. This study explores the therapeutic potential of gypenosides of heat-processed (HGyp) on high-fat diet-induced GMD in mice.

Saponins derived from Gynostemma pentaphyllum regulate triglyceride and cholesterol metabolism and the mechanisms: A review.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino (G. pentaphyllum) can be used for both medicinal and tea and has lipid-lowering properties.

Gypenosides suppress hepatocellular carcinoma cells by blocking cholesterol biosynthesis through inhibition of MVA pathway enzyme HMGCS1.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with high morbidity and mortality. Targeting abnormal cholesterol metabolism is a potential therapeutic direction. Therefore, more natural drugs targeting cholesterol in HCC need to be developed.

Liver lipidomics analysis reveals the anti-obesity and lipid-lowering effects of gypnosides from heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum in high-fat diet fed mice.

Background: In traditional Chinese medicine, Gynostemma pentaphyllum (G. pentaphyllum) is widely used to treat conditions associated with hyperlipidemia, and its therapeutic potential has been demonstrated in numerous studies. However, the mechanism of lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic by G.

The Combination of R848 with Sorafenib Enhances Antitumor Effects by Reprogramming the Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Facilitating Vascular Normalization in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Novel promising strategies for combination with sorafenib are urgently needed to enhance its clinical benefit and overcome toxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). the molecular and immunomodulatory antitumor effects of sorafenib alone and in combination with the new immunotherapeutic agent R848 are presented. Syngeneic HCC mouse model is presented to explore the antitumor effect and safety of three sorafenib doses alone, R848 alone, or their combination in vivo.

Comprehensive serum metabolomics and network analysis to reveal the mechanism of gypenosides in treating lung cancer and enhancing the pharmacological effects of cisplatin.

Gypenosides (GYP) exerted anticancer activity against various cancers. However, the mechanism of GYP against lung cancer (LC) remains unclear. This study aims to reveal the potential mechanism of GYP against LC and enhancing cisplatin efficacy using a comprehensive analysis of metabolomics, network analysis.

Effects of heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum on high-fat diet-fed mice of obesity and functional analysis on network pharmacology and molecular docking strategy.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Gynostemma pentaphyllum has been used as traditional medicine for many diseases, including metabolic syndrome (Mets), aging, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases in China, some East Asian and Southeast Asian countries. It was shown that G. pentaphyllum and gypenosides had anti-obesity and cholesterol-lowering effects too.

CYP2D6 Gene Polymorphisms and Variable Metabolic Activity in Schizophrenia Patients of Han and Tibetan Populations.

Background: It has been suggested that the pharmacogenomic response to antipsychotics in schizophrenia patients partially contributed by drug metabolism enzyme polymorphism, including P450 2D6 (CYP2D6). However, CYP2D6 gene polymorphism across populations is largely unknown.

Materials And Methods: Here, we investigated the differences of CYP2D6 gene polymorphism between Chinese Han and Tibetan schizophrenia patients.

Synergistic Antioxidant Effects of Araloside A and L-Ascorbic Acid on HO-Induced HEK293 Cells: Regulation of Cellular Antioxidant Status.

Araloside A is a pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin, and L-ascorbic acid is a globally recognized antioxidant. In this study, coadministered araloside A and L-ascorbic acid were found to have a strong synergistic antioxidant effect, and correlations between cellular antioxidant indexes and free radical scavenging ability were found. Individual and combined pretreatment with araloside A and L-ascorbic acid increased both cell viability and antioxidant enzyme activity and inhibited the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH); the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid peroxidation (LPO) products, and HO; and the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), protein carbonyls, and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy guanosine (8-OHdG).

Visual detection of hepatocellular carcinoma cells with cell imprinted substrate and pH-sensitive allochroic-graphene oxide.

Herein, we integrate cell-imprinted substrate (CIS) and allochroic-graphene oxide (AGO) for specific visualization sorting of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The state-of-the-art-of detection method relies on the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-like sandwich strategy with hierarchical recognition. The target tumor cells are first selectively captured by the CIS based on cell imprinted recognition, and then specifically labeled with AGO by boronate affinity recognition between boronic acid on AGO and cis-diols on the surface of target cells.

cPLA2α reversibly regulates different subsets of cancer stem cells transformation in cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer stem cells (CCSCs) are considered major causes of chemoresistance/radioresistance and metastasis. Although several cell surface antigens have been identified in CCSCs, these markers vary among tumors because of CSC heterogeneity. However, whether these markers specifically distinguish CCSCs with different functions is unclear.

Cytosolic phospholipase A2α modulates cell-matrix adhesion the FAK/paxillin pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: To explore the effect of cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell adhesion and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Cell adhesion, detachment, and hanging-drop assays were utilized to examine the effect of cPLA2α on the cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion. Downstream substrates and effectors of cPLA2α were screened a phospho-antibody microarray.