Angiopoietin-Like 8 in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Reduced Levels in Third Trimester Maternal Serum and Placenta, Increased Levels in Cord Blood Serum.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses a significant health risk to pregnant women, and thus exploring the potential underlying mechanism is highly desirable. The aim of the study was to compare maternal serum, cord blood serum, and placental angiopoietin-like 8 (ANGPTL8) levels in the third trimester of pregnancy in women with and without gestational diabetes and explore the potential underlying mechanism. A total of 42 pregnant women (23 with GDM and 19 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT)) along with 29 age-matched non-pregnant healthy females were enrolled.

Hyperbaric oxygen treatment improves pancreatic β‑cell function and hepatic gluconeogenesis in STZ‑induced type‑2 diabetes mellitus model mice.

Type‑2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) causes several complications that affect the quality of life and life span of patients. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been used to successfully treat several diseases, including carbon monoxide poisoning, ischemia, infections and diabetic foot ulcer, and increases insulin sensitivity in T2DM. The present study aimed to determine the effect of HBOT on β‑cell function and hepatic gluconeogenesis in streptozotocin (STZ)‑induced type‑2 diabetic mice.

The Association of Trp64Arg Polymorphism in the Beta-Adrenergic Receptor With Insulin Resistance: Meta-Analysis.

Background: Insulin resistance is a metabolic disorder that occurs in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. Genetic factors such as β3-adrenoceptor polymorphism (Trp64Arg) may be involved in IR and insulin secretion. However, their association is controversial.

The effects of bariatric surgery on dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in overweight patients with or without type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Obesity has become an epidemic in several regions globally; it may lead to cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Despite many therapies, all bariatric procedures fail in some patients. There is a lack of literature comparing treatment effects on specific metabolic indexes.

Association Between Serum Insulin and C-Peptide Levels and Breast Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Several studies have reported that hyperinsulinemia plays a part in the etiology of breast cancer. However, no consensus has been reached. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to explore the role of insulin and C-peptide in breast cancer.

Ghrelin in the lateral parabrachial nucleus influences the excitability of glucosensing neurons, increases food intake and body weight.

Ghrelin plays a pivotal role in the regulation of food intake, body weight and energy metabolism. However, these effects of ghrelin in the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN) are unexplored. C57BL/6J mice and GHSR-/- mice were implanted with cannula above the right LPBN and ghrelin was microinjected via the cannula to investigate effect of ghrelin in the LPBN.

Ghrelin system is involved in improvements in glucose metabolism mediated by hyperbaric oxygen treatment in a streptozotocin‑induced type 1 diabetes mouse model.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disorder for which the only effective therapy is insulin replacement. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy has demonstrated potential in improving hyperglycemia and as a treatment option for T1DM. Ghrelin and HBO have been previously reported to exert proliferative, anti‑apoptotic and anti‑inflammatory effects in pancreatic cells.

The Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Pelvic Radiation Induced Gastrointestinal Complications (Rectal Bleeding, Diarrhea, and Pain): A Meta-Analysis.

Radiotherapy is a routine treatment for pelvic cancer patients. While it had been proven effective, gastrointestinal side effects remain a concern, impairing the quality of life. A few studies focused on the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment to alleviate radiation-induced gastrointestinal complications.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Ameliorates Insulin Sensitivity by Increasing GLUT4 Expression in Skeletal Muscle and Stimulating UCP1 in Brown Adipose Tissue in T2DM Mice.

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is a treatment modality useful for diseases. Hypoxia could stimulate the induction of insulin resistance. Therefore, we sought to determine whether hyperbaric oxygen would ameliorate insulin sensitivity by promoting glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) expression in muscle and by stimulating UCP1 in brown adipose tissue (BAT) in a streptozocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mouse model.

L-Carnitine Is Involved in Hyperbaric Oxygen-Mediated Therapeutic Effects in High Fat Diet-Induced Lipid Metabolism Dysfunction.

Lipid metabolism dysfunction and obesity are serious health issues to human beings. The current study investigated the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) against high fat diet (HFD)-induced lipid metabolism dysfunction and the roles of L-carnitine. C57/B6 mice were fed with HFD or normal chew diet, with or without HBO treatment.

Central nesfatin-1 activates lipid mobilization in adipose tissue and fatty acid oxidation in muscle via the sympathetic nervous system.

Little is known about the influence of central nesfatin-1 on lipid metabolism under diabetic conditions. The main objective of this study was to characterize the mechanisms by which central nesfatin-1 regulates lipid metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and whether the sympathetic nervous system is involved. Male Kunming mice were fed high-fat diets (HFDs) and were treated twice with low-dose STZ (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [IP]) to generate the T2DM model.

Relation of Circulating Resistin to Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Resistin, a cysteine-rich polypeptide encoded by the RETN gene, which plays an important role in many mechanisms in rodent studies, including lipid metabolism, inflammation and insulin resistance. Nevertheless, the relationship between resistin and insulin resistance in humans is under debate. The present study was designed to clarify the correlation between resistin and insulin resistance.