Sex differences in energy homeostatis following a diet relatively high in protein exchanged with carbohydrate, assessed in a respiration chamber in humans.

Context: Obesity prevalence is generally higher in women than in men, and a paucity of research with sex-specific approaches exists. The question arises whether current weight loss programmes, largely developed and tested on women, are appropriate for men.

Objective: Investigate 24 h energy metabolism, satiety and related hormones during a diet relatively high in protein (HP), exchanged with carbohydrate compared to an adequate-protein (AP) diet, in a respiration chamber in men, in comparison with previous outcomes in women.

Effects of very low calorie diet induced body weight loss with or without human pegylated recombinant leptin treatment on changes in ghrelin and adiponectin concentrations.

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of energy restriction with or without pegylated recombinant leptin (PEG-leptin) treatment on ghrelin, adiponectin, insulin and glucose concentrations. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial was performed in 24 moderately overweight/obese men. PEG-leptin or placebo was administered weekly for 6 weeks, combined with a restricted energy intake of 2.

Nutrient-stimulated glucagon-like peptide 1 release after body-weight loss and weight maintenance in human subjects.

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a peptide hormone that is released in response to nutrient ingestion. Postprandial GLP-1 release has been reported to be attenuated in obese subjects, but reports on the effect of weight loss on GLP-1 are conflicting. The aim of the present study was to clarify the effect of a weight-loss period and a consecutive weight-maintenance period on nutrient-stimulated GLP-1 release in obese subjects.

Ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide 1 concentrations, 24-h satiety, and energy and substrate metabolism during a high-protein diet and measured in a respiration chamber.

Background: The mechanism of protein-induced satiety remains unclear.

Objective: The objective was to investigate 24-h satiety and related hormones and energy and substrate metabolism during a high-protein (HP) diet in a respiration chamber.

Design: Twelve healthy women aged 18-40 y were fed in energy balance an adequate-protein (AP: 10%, 60%, and 30% of energy from protein, carbohydrate, and fat, respectively) or an HP (30%, 40%, and 30% of energy from protein, carbohydrate, and fat, respectively) diet in a randomized crossover design.

Body weight loss and weight maintenance in relation to habitual caffeine intake and green tea supplementation.

Objective: Investigation of the effect of a green tea-caffeine mixture on weight maintenance after body weight loss in moderately obese subjects in relation to habitual caffeine intake.

Research Methods And Procedures: A randomized placebo-controlled double blind parallel trial in 76 overweight and moderately obese subjects, (BMI, 27.5 +/- 2.

Protein intake and body-weight regulation.

Body-weight management requires a multi-factorial approach. Recent findings suggest that an elevated protein intake seems to play such a key role in body-weight management, through (i) increased satiety related to increased diet-induced thermogenesis, (ii) its effect on thermogenesis, (iii) body composition, and (iv) decreased energy-efficiency. Supported by these mechanisms a relatively larger weight loss and stronger body-weight maintenance thereafter have been observed.

Additional protein intake limits weight regain after weight loss in humans.

Since long-term weight maintenance (WM) is a major problem, interventions to improve WM are needed. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the addition of protein to the diet might limit weight regain after a weight loss of 5-10 % in overweight subjects. In a randomised parallel study design, 113 overweight subjects (BMI 29.

Effects of green tea on weight maintenance after body-weight loss.

The present study was conducted to investigate whether green tea may improve weight maintenance by preventing or limiting weight regain after weight loss of 5 to 10 % in overweight and moderately obese subjects. The study had a randomised, parallel, placebo-controlled design. A total of 104 overweight and moderately obese male and female subjects (age 18-60 years; BMI 25-35 kg/m(2)) participated.

Effect of capsaicin on substrate oxidation and weight maintenance after modest body-weight loss in human subjects.

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether capsaicin assists weight maintenance by limiting weight regain after weight loss of 5 to 10 %. In this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, ninety-one moderately overweight subjects were randomly assigned to an intensive group that underwent all the measurements, and an extensive group that underwent the same measurements except the metabolism measurements. After a 4-week very-low-energy diet (VLED) intervention, a 3-month weight-maintenance period followed.

The effects of enterostatin intake on food intake and energy expenditure.

Enterostatin (ENT) has been found to inhibit food intake and selectively inhibit fat intake in rats. Both peripheral and central mechanisms have been proposed. It also has been suggested that ENT may increase thermogenesis.