Hemodialysis fistula stenosis caused by extrinsic vascular compression: The May-Thurner of fistulas.

Significant venous outflow stenosis of a forearm arteriovenous fistulae caused by an extrinsic vascular compression is a very rare entity (no reported cases in the literature). We report a case of high venous pressures during dialysis, secondary to an extrinsic compression of the underlying brachial artery that was diagnosed with Doppler ultrasound. The stenosis localization resembles the typical and frequent juxta-anastomotic venous outflow stenosis.

Endovascular Management of a Giant High-Flow Lower Limb Arteriovenous Malformation.

Purpose: High-flow arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) may pose a challenge for endovascular treatment due to high-flow rates. Incomplete treatment, recurrence, or even worsening can occur if a proper management is not performed. We report a case successfully treated with endovascular therapy.