Association of caffeine and related analytes with resistance to Parkinson disease among mutation carriers: A metabolomic study.

Objective: To identify markers of resistance to developing Parkinson disease (PD) among mutation carriers (+), we carried out metabolomic profiling in individuals with PD and unaffected controls (UC), with and without the mutation.

Methods: Plasma from 368 patients with PD and UC in the LRRK2 Cohort Consortium (LCC), comprising 118 +/PD+, 115 +/UC, 70 -/PD+, and 65 /UC, and CSF available from 68 of them, were analyzed by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. For 282 analytes quantified in plasma and CSF, we assessed differences among the 4 groups and interactions between and PD status, using analysis of covariance models adjusted by age, study site cohort, and sex, with value corrections for multiple comparisons.

Predicting academic burnout and engagement in educational settings: assessing the incremental validity of perceived emotional intelligence beyond perceived stress and general self-efficacy.

This study examines the role of Perceived Emotional Intelligence (PEI) (measured by the Spanish version of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale) and general self-efficacy as predictors of burnout and engagement dimensions. The unique contribution of PEI dimensions on the burnout and engagement scores is explored, controlling the influence of demographics characteristics, perceived stress and self-efficacy. Data were collected from a sample of 373 Spanish undergraduate students (mean age= 21.